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Research Article
Ken Nakano
Yokohama National University
Corresponding Author
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Since the discovery of synchronous pulsations in cardiomyocytes (CMs), electrical communication between CMs has been emphasized; however, recent studies suggest the possibility of mechanical communication. Here, we demonstrate that spherical self-beating CM aggregates, termed cardiac spheroids (CSs), produce enhanced mechanical energy under mechanical compression and work cooperatively via mechanical communication. For single CSs between parallel plates, compression increased both beating frequency and beating energy. Contact mechanics revealed a scaling law on the beating energy, indicating that the most intensively stressed cells in the compressed CSs predominantly contributed to the performance of mechanical work against mechanical compression. For pairs of CSs between parallel plates, compression immediately caused synchronous beating with mechanical coupling. Compression tended to strengthen and stabilize the synchronous beating, although some irregularity and temporary arrest were observed. These results suggest that mechanical compression is an indispensable environmental variable for evaluating the activities of CMs and their aggregates.
Keywords
CSs, communication, physiology, medical science, diagonal broken line
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No competing interests reported.
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This preprint is under consideration at Scientific Reports. A preprint is a preliminary version of a manuscript that has not completed peer review at a journal. Research Square does not conduct peer review prior to posting preprints. The posting of a preprint on this server should not be interpreted as an endorsement of its validity or suitability for dissemination as established information or for guiding clinical practice.
Learn more about In Review
Research Article
Ken Nakano
Yokohama National University
Corresponding Author
Badges
Prescreen
This manuscript passed our Prescreen assessment
Complete author information
Appropriate declaration statements
Potential risks to human health
Prescreen
Peer Review Timeline
CURRENT STATUS: Under Review
Version 1
Posted 11 Mar, 2021
No community comments so far
Review #1 received
Received 09 Apr, 2021
Reviewer #1 agreed
On 22 Mar, 2021
Reviewer #8 agreed
On 22 Mar, 2021
Reviewer #3 agreed
On 22 Mar, 2021
Reviewer #9 agreed
On 22 Mar, 2021
Reviewer #4 agreed
On 22 Mar, 2021
Reviewer #10 agreed
On 22 Mar, 2021
Reviewer #5 agreed
On 22 Mar, 2021
Reviewer #2 agreed
On 22 Mar, 2021
Reviewers invited
Invitations sent on 18 Mar, 2021
Editor assigned
On 18 Mar, 2021
Editor invited
On 08 Mar, 2021
Submission checks complete
On 08 Mar, 2021
First submitted
On 06 Mar, 2021
Metrics
Comments: 0
PDF Downloads: ...
HTML Views: ...
License:
This work is licensed under a CC BY 4.0 License. Read Full License
Since the discovery of synchronous pulsations in cardiomyocytes (CMs), electrical communication between CMs has been emphasized; however, recent studies suggest the possibility of mechanical communication. Here, we demonstrate that spherical self-beating CM aggregates, termed cardiac spheroids (CSs), produce enhanced mechanical energy under mechanical compression and work cooperatively via mechanical communication. For single CSs between parallel plates, compression increased both beating frequency and beating energy. Contact mechanics revealed a scaling law on the beating energy, indicating that the most intensively stressed cells in the compressed CSs predominantly contributed to the performance of mechanical work against mechanical compression. For pairs of CSs between parallel plates, compression immediately caused synchronous beating with mechanical coupling. Compression tended to strengthen and stabilize the synchronous beating, although some irregularity and temporary arrest were observed. These results suggest that mechanical compression is an indispensable environmental variable for evaluating the activities of CMs and their aggregates.
Figure 1
Figure 2
Figure 3
Figure 4
Figure 5
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