Botanical Data:
Plant species
name
(Plant family),
Voucher umbers
|
Local name
of species
(Locality number)
|
Life form/
season
|
Edible part:
Consumed modes; taste; (Citation %)
|
Similar use in other countries [References]*
|
Acacia gerrardii Benth (Fabaceae),
SA 83
|
Tree:
Taleh ( (1e),
Gum:
Samaq (1e)
|
Tree/
dry
|
Gum: chewed and eaten fresh;
mucilage;
(80)
|
Uganda [13]
|
Acacia nilotica (L.) Delile (Fabaceae),
SA 89
|
Tree:
Qaradh
(1a-1e,2a-2c,3),
Gum:
Samaq (1a, 3),
Samaa, Sumaa (1b,1c,1d)
|
Tree/
dry
|
Gum: chewed and eaten fresh;
mucilage;
(100)
|
Sudan [14]
|
Acacia senegal (L.) Willd. (Fabaceae),
SA 85
|
Qutad (1b,1c,1d),
Gum:
Samaa (1b,1c,1d)
|
Tree/
dry
|
Gum: chewed and eaten fresh;
mucilage;
(80)
|
Africa [10]
|
Aloe lanata T.A.McCoy & Lavranos (Xanthorrhoeaceae),
SA 64
|
Shrub:
Anded (2),
Flow er:
Alhab (2)
|
Shrub/
dry
|
Flower: fresh cooked with reis;
Sweet;
(60)
|
-
|
Amaranthus blitum L.
(Amaranthaceae)
SA 70
|
Ladah (1b-1d),
Annass (1c,1d),
Gana (1e, 3a),
Dhadah (1e,4)
|
Herb/
rainy
|
Leaf: fresh cooked boiled;
mild sweet
(100)
|
Ethiopia [15]
Himalaya [16]
Pakistan [3]
|
Amaranthus graecizans L. (Amaranthaceae)
SA 71
|
Dhadah (1a,1e,4),
Ladah (1b),
Annass (1b,1c),
Gana (1e,3a)
|
Herb/
rainy
|
Leaf: fresh, cooked boiled;
mild sweet;
(100)
|
Oman [9]
|
Amaranthus spinosus L. (Amaranthaceae)
SA 72
|
Dhadah (1a,4)
|
Herb/
rainy
|
Leaf: fresh, cooked boiled;
mild sweet
(50)
|
Himalaya [16]
Angola [17]
|
Anisotes trisulcus (Forssk.) Nees (Acanthaceae)
SA 51
|
Mudhadh (1,3),
Sheri (2a),
Masis (2b)
|
Shrub/
rainy
|
Flower nectar: squeeze and drink the nectar;
sweet
(100)
|
-
|
Apteranthes tuberculata (N.E. Br.) Meve & Liede (Apocynaceae)
SA 40
|
Khusmaa (1a,2b)
|
Herb/
rainy
|
Young stem: eaten fresh;
bitter
(90)
|
Pakistan [18]
|
Boerhavia elegans Choisy
(Nyctaginaceae)
SA 30
|
Hidwan (4)
|
Herb/
rainy
|
Leaf: eaten fresh;
Bitter;
(50)
|
Iran [19]
|
Caralluma subulata (Forssk.) Decne. (Apocynaceae)
SA 42
|
Shawrer (2a,2c)
|
Herb/
rainy
|
Young stem: eaten fresh;
Bitter;
(90)
|
Namibia [20]
|
Ceropegia bulbosa Roxb. (Apocynaceae),
SA 95
|
Alat-khalah (1b,1c,1d),
Roob (5)
|
Herb/
rainy
|
Young stem: eaten fresh;
mild sour
(100)
|
Oman [9]
|
|
|
|
Root (tuber); eaten fresh;
Sweet
(50)
|
|
Cissus rotundifolia Vahl (Vitaceae),
SA 21
|
Alfaq (1a,1b,1c),
Alfaq (2a),
Hadel (2a,ab),
Alfaq (3b, c)
|
Climber/
all year
|
Young leaf: fresh boiled cooked;
mild sour;
(100)
|
Yemen [21]
|
Cleome gynandra L. (Cleomaceae),
SA 22
|
Raab (1b,1c)
|
Shrub/
rainy
|
Leaf: cooked by boiling with salts and/or with Cissus rotundifolia leaf;
Bitter;
(95)
|
Ethiopia [4]
|
Coccinia grandis (L.) Voigt (Cucurbitaceae),
SA 25
|
Maqd, (1a,1e,2c),
Mad (1b,1c,1d)
|
Climber/rainy
|
Fruit: eaten fresh ripe; mild sweet
(100)
|
Himalaya [16]
Ethiopia [4]
|
Corchorus tridens L. (Malvaceae),
SA 26
|
Weakeh (1b),
Legen (1b,1c),
Quddah (2b)
|
Herb/
rainy
|
Leaf: fresh cooked;
mild bitter
(100)
|
South Africa [22]
|
Corchorus trilocularis L. (Malvaceae),
SA 27
|
Legen,
Weakeh (1)
|
Herb/
rainy
|
Leaf: fresh cooked;
mild bitter
(100)
|
Ethiopia [23]
|
Crepis rueppellii Sch. Bip. (Asteraceae),
SA 12
|
Kaanan (1c,1d,3),
Hamham (5)
|
Herb/
rainy
|
Root excluding coat: eaten fresh;
sweet
100
|
Oman [9]
|
Cynanchum viminale (L.) L. (Apocynaceae),
SA 41
|
Arnaq (1b,1c,1d),
Khal (1c),
Radhaa (2a,2c),
Bidar (3)
|
Shrub/
rainy
|
Young stem: eaten fresh;
mild sour
(100)
|
Oman [9]
South
Africa [24]
|
Cynanchum viminale subsp. stipitaceum (Forssk.) Meve & Liede (Apocynaceae),
SA 60
|
Radhaa (2a,2c),
Milab (3)
|
Shrub/
rainy
|
Young stem: eaten fresh;
Sour
(80)
|
-
|
Cynanchum viminale subsp. suberosum (Meve & Liede) Goyder (Apocynaceae),
SA 43
|
Zab-Imbaeer (1b,1c,1d,1e)
|
Shrub/
rainy
|
Young stem: eaten fresh;
sour
(100)
|
Oman [9]
|
Cynanchum vanlessenii (Lavranos) Goyder (Apocynaceae),
SA 44
|
Qalab (1a)
|
Shrub/
rainy
|
Flower: eaten fresh;
mild sweet;
(5)
|
-
|
Desmidorchis awdelianus (Deflers) Meve & Liede (Apocynaceae),
SA 45
|
Uruz (1b,1c),
Kuaaur, (1b,1c,1d,1e,3d),
Muqrer, (2a,2b),
Kuaath (3f)
|
Herb/
rainy
|
Young stem: eaten fresh;
mild bitter;
(100)
|
-
|
Desmidorchis flavus (N. E. Br.) Meve & Liede (Apocynaceae),
SA 46
|
Uruz (1b,1c,1d),
Dhaba, Dhagohom (5)
|
Herb/
rainy
|
Young stem: eaten fresh;
mild bitter;
(95)
|
Oman [25]
|
Desmidorchis lavrani (Rauh & Wertel) Meve & Liede (Apocynaceae),
SA 47
|
Uruz (1b,1c,1d),
Obar (1b,1c,1d,2a,3e)
|
Herb/
rainy
|
Young stem: eaten fresh;
mild bitter;
(100)
|
-
|
Ficus ingens (Mig.) Mig. (Moraceae),
SA 09
|
Dharef (3)
|
Tree/
all
year
|
Fruit: eaten fresh ripe; mild sour;
(100)
|
Uganda
[26]
|
Ficus palmata Forssk. (Moraceae),
SA 10
|
Tree:
Areen (1a),
Fruit:
Balas (1a,2a,b)
|
Tree/
all
year
|
Fruit: eaten fresh ripe; mild sour
(100)
|
Ethiopia [4]
Pakistan [3]
|
Ficus sycomorus L. (Moraceae),
SA 11
|
Saqam (1,2),
Suqmi (2a,2b),
Saqum (3)
|
Tree/
all
year
|
Fruit excocarp: eaten fresh ripe; sweet;
(20)
|
Ethiopia [4]
|
Ficus vasta Forssk. (Moraceae),
SA 13
|
Tauluq (1,2),
Tauluq (3)
Tiq (5)
|
Tree/
all year
|
Fruit excocarp: eaten fresh ripe; sour;
(15)
|
Ethiopia [4]
|
Gladiolus candidus (Rendle) Goldblatt (Iridaceae),
SA 14
|
Bedhah (5)
|
Herb/
dry
|
Corm: stir-fried cooked; sweet
(100)
|
Oman [9]
|
Glossonema varians (Stocks) Benth. ex Hook.f. (Apocynaceae),
SA 15
|
Qumredh (1c),
Kobash (1d)
|
Herb/
rainy
|
Fruit: Fresh unripe eaten; very sweet;
(30)
|
Oman [9]
|
Grewia erythraea Schweinf.
(Malvaceae),
SA 80
|
Shrub:
Schohudt (1b,1c,1d,1e),
Fruit:
Hunqass (1b,1c,1d,1e)
|
Shrub/ all year
|
Fruit(ripe, red): eaten fresh;
sweet
(100)
|
Soqotra [6]
Oman [9]
Angola [17]
Ethiopia [15]
|
Grewia mollis Juss. (Malvaceae),
SA 81
|
Nashem (2a)
|
Shrub/ all year
|
Young fruit: eaten fresh;
Sweet;
(50)
|
Ethiopia [27]
|
Grewia tenax (Forssk.) Fiori.
(Malvaceae),
SA 59
|
Schohudt (1a,1b,1c,1d,1e),
Khedar (2a)
|
Shrub/ all year
|
Young fruit: eaten fresh;
sweet;
(100)
|
Ethiopia [15]
|
Hydnora abyssinica A.Br. (Aristolochiaceae),
SA 03
|
Nabeekh (1b),
Trateef (1c,1e),
Fateekh (1c,3a,3b),
Twacheen, Kuaarer, Twhoot (2b),
Ftookh (3c),
Imlokh (5)
|
Herb/
rainy
|
Flower: eaten fresh or stir-fried cooked;
fresh: astringent; mild sour, aroma;
cooked: mild sweet;
(100)
|
Yemen [28]
Uganda [26]
|
Lactuca serriola L. (Asteraceae),
SA 04
|
Lessan- imthawr (1b,1c,1e)
|
Herb/
rainy
|
Leaf: eaten fresh without or with bread;
mild bitter;
(90)
|
Turkey [29]
|
Launaea intybacea (Jacq.) Beauverd (Asteraceae),
SA 05
|
Hawa (1a),
Lessan- imthawr (1b,1c,1e),
Hawa (2a),
Lessan-albaqarah (4)
|
Herb/
rainy
|
Leaf: eaten fresh without or with bread;
mild bitter
(100)
|
Ethiopia [11]
|
Launaea procumbens (Roxb.) Ramayya & Rajagopal (Asteraceae),
SA 06
|
Hawa (1a,2a)
|
Herb/
rainy
|
Leaf: eaten fresh without or with bread;
mild bitter;
(90)
|
Ethiopia [4]
|
Lavandula pubescens Decne. (Lamiaceae),
SA 07
|
Feheh (2b)
|
Shrub/
dry
|
Leaf: eaten fresh with bread;
mild bitter, aromatic;
(50)
|
-
|
Monolluma hexagona (Lavranos) Meve & Liede (Apocynaceae)
SA 52
|
Mequrezh (1a, 1e),
Uruz (1b,1c)
|
Herb/
rainy
|
Young stem: eaten fresh;
mild bitter;
(100)
|
-
|
Monolluma quadrangular (Forssk.) Plowes
(Apocynaceae),
SA 48
|
Mequrezh (1a, 1e),
Uruz (urzh) (1b,1c,1d,2b),
Mulaauzah (2a),
Qarnat-adhabia (3a),
Hwimadhah (3c),
Dhaba, Dhagohom (5)
|
Herb/
rainy
|
Young stem: eaten fresh;
mild bitter;
(100)
|
Oman [9]
|
Monolluma solenophora (Lavranos) Meve & Liede (Apocynaceae),
SA 49
|
Khusmaa (1a,2b) ,
Uruz (1b,1c)
|
Herb/
rainy
|
Young stem: eaten fresh;
mild bitter;
(100)
|
-
|
Opuntia ficus-indica (L.) Mill. (Cactaceae),
SA 53
|
Tarung (1a),
Rangah, Teen (2b)
|
Shrub/ all year
|
Fruit: eaten fresh peeled;
sweet;
(100)
|
Ethiopia [29]
|
Orbea wissmannii (O. Schwartz) Bruyns var. wissmannii (Apocynaceae),
SA 50
|
Khusmaa (1a),
Uruz (1b,1c,1d)
|
Herb/
rainy
|
Young stem: eaten fresh;
mild bitter;
(100)
|
-
|
Plantago major L. (Plantaginaceae),
SA 54
|
Lessan-imthaur (1b,1c,1d,1e)
|
Herb/
rainy
|
Leaf: eaten fresh;
Bitter;
(25)
|
Spain [30]
|
Portulaca oleracea L. (Portulacaceae),
SA 55
|
Dhuras (1a,1b,1c,1d),
Sungulah (2a),
Qalqalah (2b),
Rubidta (4),
Hamdhieh (5)
|
Herb/
rainy
|
Leaf, stem:
eaten fresh as salad with bread or without; cooked with Corchorus tridens;
mild sour;
(100)
|
Oman [9]
Turkey [31]
|
Portulaca quadrifida L. (Portulacaceae),
SA 56
|
Dhuras (1d)
|
Herb/
rainy
|
Leaf, stem: eaten fresh or cooked;
mild sour;
[100]
|
Ethiopia [11]
|
Reichardia tingitana (L.) Roth (Asteraceae),
SA 85
|
Khasoor (2b,2c),
Hawa (2b)
|
Herb/
rainy
|
Leaf, stem: eaten fresh with bread;
mild bitter;
(100)
|
-
|
Raphionacme velutina Schltr. (Apocynaceae),
SA 86
|
Qurs-bathilan (1b,1c)
|
Herb/
rainy
|
Root (tuber); eaten fresh;
Sweet;
(60)
|
South Africa [24]
|
Rhytidocaulon macrolobum Lavr. subsp. macrolobum (Apocynaceae),
SA 87
|
Quarran (1b,1c,1d)
|
Herb/
rainy
|
Young stem: chewed and eaten fresh;
mild bitter;
(100)
|
Tropical Africa [32]
|
Rhytidocaulon tortum (N.E. Br.) M.G. Gilbert (Apocynaceae),
SA 88
|
Quarran (1b,1c,1d)
|
Herb/
rainy
|
Young stem: chewed and eaten fresh;
mild bitter;
(100)
|
Tropical Africa [32]
|
Rumex nervosus Vahl (Polygonaceae),
SA 16
|
Uthrub (1b)
|
Shrub/ all year
|
Flower nectar: fresh sucked;
mild sweet;
(10)
|
-
|
|
Uthrub (1a,1e)
|
|
Leaf: chewed and eaten fresh;
mild bitter;
(50)
|
-
|
Sageretia thea (Osbeck) M.C. Johnst. (Rhamnaceae),
SA 89
|
Niem (1a)
|
Shrub/ all year
|
Fruit: ripe fruit, eaten fresh;
sweet;
(20)
|
Oman [25]
|
Salvadora persica L. (Salvadoraceae),
SA 90
|
Shub:
Rak (1c),
Fruit:
Mard (1c)
|
Shrub/ all year
|
Fruit: ripe fruit, eaten fresh;
sweet;
(60)
|
Oman [9]
|
Senna italica Mill. (Fabaceae),
SA 91
|
Ushruq (2a,3)
|
Shrub/
dry
|
Fruit: eaten fresh;
bitter;
(50)
|
Oman [9]
|
Sonchus oleraceus (L.) L.
(Asteraceae),
SA 92
|
Lessan- imthawr (1b,1c),
Lessan Albuqri (2b),
Lessan- athawr (3),
Lessan al-baqarah (4)
|
Herb/
rainy
|
Leaf: eaten fresh without or with bread;
mild bitter;
(90)
|
Turkey [31]
|
Ziziphus spina-christi (L.) Desf. (Rhamnaceae),
SA 93
|
Tree:
Elb (1,2,3,4),
Dhaood (5),
Fruit:
Daoom (1,2,3,4),
Girem (5)
|
Tree/
all year
|
Ripe fruit excluding kern: eaten fresh or dried;
Sweet;
(100)
|
Soqotra [6]
Oman [9]
Angola [17]
Ethiopia [23]
|
|
Seed: Agarah (1a,1b,1c,1d),
Seed excluding coat: Fersoos, Ferquoos,
(1a,1b,1c,1d)
|
|
Seeds excluding coat: eaten fresh;
Oily;
(50)
|
Ethiopia [ 29]
|
Ziziphus leucodermis (Baker) O. Schwartz
(Rhamnaceae),
SA 94
|
Elb (3),
Labdhi,
Habedh (4),
Dhood (5)
|
Tree/
all year
|
Fruit: eaten fresh or dried;
sweet;
(50)
|
Oman [9]
|