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Research
Association between objectively measured sleep timing and habitual dietary intake in university students A cross-sectional study
Fumiharu Togo
The University of Tokyo
Corresponding Author
ORCiD: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3113-539X
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This work is licensed under a CC BY 4.0 License. Read Full License
Background Previous studies suggest that the forced changes in sleep timing and chronotype may be associated with dietary intake. However, no studies have examined associations between objectively measured sleep timing on weekdays and weekends and habitual dietary intake. This study aimed to investigate the associations among university students.
Methods All the 35 healthy university students included in this study were asked to undertake a 7-day wrist activity recording, and to record the bedtimes and wake-up times. All the participants also completed a self-administered questionnaire during the recording period that included demographic characteristics, habitual dietary intakes, and morningness-eveningness. Dietary intakes over the previous 1 month were evaluated using a self-reported dietary history questionnaire (DHQ). The Japanese version of the Morningness-Eveningness Questionnaire (MEQ) was used to measure the self-rated morningness-eveningness. The score for adherence to the Japanese Food Guide Spinning Top (food guide score) was calculated from the results of the DHQ to assess the diet quality. Nocturnal sleep timing on each night was estimated from the recorded wrist activity.
Results Multivariate linear regression showed that a later sleep timing on weekends was significantly (p < 0.05) associated with lower intakes of pulses (β = −0.416) and dairy products (β = −0.396) and a lower food guide score (β = −0.386), while the relative sleep timing on weekdays was not (p > 0.05). Multivariate linear regression also showed that an earlier relative sleep timing on weekdays was significantly (p < 0.05) associated with a lower intake of cereals (β = 0.548) and a higher intake of sugar and confectioneries (β = −0.461), while the sleep timing on weekends was not (p > 0.05).
Conclusions The results suggest that later sleep timing on weekends and earlier relative sleep timing on weekdays may be independently associated with unfavorable food intake in young adults. These findings have important implications for the development of novel strategies for improving dietary intakes and for preventing lifestyle-related diseases.
Keywords
actigraphy, chronotype, social jetlag, circadian rhythm, reward, habitual dietary intake
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This is a preprint. It has not completed peer review.
Research
Association between objectively measured sleep timing and habitual dietary intake in university students A cross-sectional study
Fumiharu Togo
The University of Tokyo
Corresponding Author
ORCiD: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3113-539X
Badges
Prescreen
This manuscript passed our Prescreen assessment
Complete author information
Appropriate declaration statements
Potential risks to human health
Prescreen
History
CURRENT STATUS: Posted
Version 1
Posted 27 May, 2020
No community comments so far
Metrics
Comments: 0
PDF Downloads: ...
HTML Views: ...
Subject Areas
Nutrition & Dietetics
License:
This work is licensed under a CC BY 4.0 License. Read Full License
Background Previous studies suggest that the forced changes in sleep timing and chronotype may be associated with dietary intake. However, no studies have examined associations between objectively measured sleep timing on weekdays and weekends and habitual dietary intake. This study aimed to investigate the associations among university students.
Methods All the 35 healthy university students included in this study were asked to undertake a 7-day wrist activity recording, and to record the bedtimes and wake-up times. All the participants also completed a self-administered questionnaire during the recording period that included demographic characteristics, habitual dietary intakes, and morningness-eveningness. Dietary intakes over the previous 1 month were evaluated using a self-reported dietary history questionnaire (DHQ). The Japanese version of the Morningness-Eveningness Questionnaire (MEQ) was used to measure the self-rated morningness-eveningness. The score for adherence to the Japanese Food Guide Spinning Top (food guide score) was calculated from the results of the DHQ to assess the diet quality. Nocturnal sleep timing on each night was estimated from the recorded wrist activity.
Results Multivariate linear regression showed that a later sleep timing on weekends was significantly (p < 0.05) associated with lower intakes of pulses (β = −0.416) and dairy products (β = −0.396) and a lower food guide score (β = −0.386), while the relative sleep timing on weekdays was not (p > 0.05). Multivariate linear regression also showed that an earlier relative sleep timing on weekdays was significantly (p < 0.05) associated with a lower intake of cereals (β = 0.548) and a higher intake of sugar and confectioneries (β = −0.461), while the sleep timing on weekends was not (p > 0.05).
Conclusions The results suggest that later sleep timing on weekends and earlier relative sleep timing on weekdays may be independently associated with unfavorable food intake in young adults. These findings have important implications for the development of novel strategies for improving dietary intakes and for preventing lifestyle-related diseases.
Figure 1
Figure 2
Figure 3