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Spatial and temporal influence of rainfall on crustal pore pressure based on seismic velocity monitoring
Takeshi Tsuji
Kyushu University
Corresponding Author
ORCiD: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0951-4596
License:
This work is licensed under a CC BY 4.0 License. Read Full License
View the published version at Earth, Planets and Space.
Crustal pore pressure, which controls the activities of earthquakes and volcanoes, varies in response to rainfall. The status of pore pressure can be inferred from observed changes in seismic velocity. In this study, we investigate the response of crustal pore pressure to rainfall in southwestern Japan based on time series of seismic velocity derived from ambient noise seismic interferometry. To consider the heterogeneity of the area, rainfall and seismic velocity obtained at each location were directly compared. We used a band-pass filter to distinguish the rainfall variability from sea level and atmospheric pressure, and then calculated the cross-correlation between rainfall and variations in S-wave velocity (Vs). A mostly negative correlation between rainfall and Vs changes indicates groundwater recharge by rainfall, which increases pore pressure. The correlations differ between locations, where most of the observation stations with clear negative cross-correlations were located in areas of granite. On the other hand, we could not observe clear correlations in steep mountain areas, possibly because water flows through river without percolation. This finding suggests that geographical features contribute to the imprint of rainfall on deep formation pore pressure. We further modelled pore pressure change due to rainfall based on diffusion mechanism. A strong negative correlation between pore pressure estimated from rainfall and Vs indicates that the Vs variations are triggered by pore pressure diffusion in the deep formation. Our modelling results show a spatial variation of diffusion parameter which controls the pore pressure in deep formation. By linking the variations in seismic velocity and crustal pore pressure spatially, this study shows that seismic monitoring may be useful in evaluating earthquake triggering processes or volcanic activity.
Keywords
seismic velocity variation, rain precipitation, groundwater level, pore pressure, near-surface lithology, monitoring
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Received 29 Jul, 2020
Review #1 received
Received 13 Jul, 2020
Reviewer #2 agreed
On 29 Jun, 2020
Reviewers invited
Invitations sent on 22 Jun, 2020
Reviewer #1 agreed
On 22 Jun, 2020
Editor assigned
On 11 Jun, 2020
Editor invited
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This preprint is under consideration at Earth, Planets and Space. A preprint is a preliminary version of a manuscript that has not completed peer review at a journal. Research Square does not conduct peer review prior to posting preprints. The posting of a preprint on this server should not be interpreted as an endorsement of its validity or suitability for dissemination as established information or for guiding clinical practice.
Learn more about In Review
Full paper
Spatial and temporal influence of rainfall on crustal pore pressure based on seismic velocity monitoring
Takeshi Tsuji
Kyushu University
Corresponding Author
ORCiD: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0951-4596
Badges
Prescreen
This manuscript passed our Prescreen assessment
Complete author information
Appropriate declaration statements
Potential risks to human health
Prescreen
Peer Review Timeline
CURRENT STATUS: Published
Version 3
Posted 06 Nov, 2020
Published
On 24 Nov, 2020
No community comments so far
Editorial decision: Accept
On 06 Nov, 2020
Editor assigned
On 29 Oct, 2020
Submission checks complete
On 29 Oct, 2020
Editor invited
On 29 Oct, 2020
No comments provided
Editorial decision: Minor Revision
On 23 Oct, 2020
Review #2 received
Received 14 Oct, 2020
Review #1 received
Received 07 Oct, 2020
Reviewer #1 agreed
On 22 Sep, 2020
Reviewer #2 agreed
On 22 Sep, 2020
Editor assigned
On 20 Sep, 2020
Reviewers invited
Invitations sent on 20 Sep, 2020
Submission checks complete
On 19 Sep, 2020
Editor invited
On 19 Sep, 2020
No comments provided
Editorial decision: Major Revision
On 11 Aug, 2020
Review #2 received
Received 29 Jul, 2020
Review #1 received
Received 13 Jul, 2020
Reviewer #2 agreed
On 29 Jun, 2020
Reviewers invited
Invitations sent on 22 Jun, 2020
Reviewer #1 agreed
On 22 Jun, 2020
Editor assigned
On 11 Jun, 2020
Editor invited
On 10 Jun, 2020
Submission checks complete
On 03 Jun, 2020
First submitted
On 02 Jun, 2020
Metrics
Comments: 0
PDF Downloads: ...
HTML Views: ...
Subject Areas
Renewable Resources
License:
This work is licensed under a CC BY 4.0 License. Read Full License
View the published version at Earth, Planets and Space.
Crustal pore pressure, which controls the activities of earthquakes and volcanoes, varies in response to rainfall. The status of pore pressure can be inferred from observed changes in seismic velocity. In this study, we investigate the response of crustal pore pressure to rainfall in southwestern Japan based on time series of seismic velocity derived from ambient noise seismic interferometry. To consider the heterogeneity of the area, rainfall and seismic velocity obtained at each location were directly compared. We used a band-pass filter to distinguish the rainfall variability from sea level and atmospheric pressure, and then calculated the cross-correlation between rainfall and variations in S-wave velocity (Vs). A mostly negative correlation between rainfall and Vs changes indicates groundwater recharge by rainfall, which increases pore pressure. The correlations differ between locations, where most of the observation stations with clear negative cross-correlations were located in areas of granite. On the other hand, we could not observe clear correlations in steep mountain areas, possibly because water flows through river without percolation. This finding suggests that geographical features contribute to the imprint of rainfall on deep formation pore pressure. We further modelled pore pressure change due to rainfall based on diffusion mechanism. A strong negative correlation between pore pressure estimated from rainfall and Vs indicates that the Vs variations are triggered by pore pressure diffusion in the deep formation. Our modelling results show a spatial variation of diffusion parameter which controls the pore pressure in deep formation. By linking the variations in seismic velocity and crustal pore pressure spatially, this study shows that seismic monitoring may be useful in evaluating earthquake triggering processes or volcanic activity.
Figure 1
Figure 2
Figure 3
Figure 4
Figure 5
Figure 6
Figure 7
Figure 8
Figure 9
Figure 10
Figure 11
Figure 12
Figure 13
Due to technical limitations, full-text HTML conversion of this manuscript could not be completed. However, the manuscript can be downloaded and accessed as a PDF.