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Research
Werner Brack
Helmholtz-Zentrum fur Umweltforschung UFZ
Corresponding Author
ORCiD: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9269-6524
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This work is licensed under a CC BY 4.0 License. Read Full License
Background: Substantial efforts have been made to monitor potentially hazardous anthropogenic contaminants in surface waters while for plant secondary metabolites (PSMs) almost no data on occurrence in the water cycle are available. These metabolites enter river waters through various pathways such as leaching, surface run-off and rain sewers or input of litter from vegetation and might add to the biological activity of the chemical mixture. To reduce this data gap we conducted a LC-HRMS target screening in river waters from two different catchments for 150 plant metabolites which were selected from a larger database considering their expected abundance in the vegetation, their potential mobility, persistence and toxicity in the water cycle and commercial availability of standards.
Results: The screening revealed the presence of 12 out of 150 possibly toxic PSMs including coumarins (bergapten, scopoletin, fraxidin, esculetin and psoralen), a flavonoid (formononetin) and alkaloids (lycorine and narciclasine). The compounds narciclasine and lycorine were detected at concentrations up to 3 µg/L while esculetin and fraxidin occurred at concentrations above 1 µg/L. Nine compounds occurred at concentrations above 0.1 µg/L, the Threshold for Toxicological Concern (TTC) for non-genotoxic and non-endocrine disrupting chemicals in drinking water.
Conclusions: Our study provides an overview of potentially biologically active PSMs in surface waters and recommends their consideration in monitoring and risk assessment of water resources. This is currently hampered by a lack of effect data including toxicity to aquatic organisms, endocrine disruption and genotoxicity and demands for involvement of these compounds in biotesting.
Keywords
Natural toxins, bioactive compounds, mixture toxicity, surface water, emerging contaminants
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CURRENT STATUS: Published
View the published article at Environmental Sciences Europe.
Version 2
Posted 09 Sep, 2020
No community comments so far
Editorial decision: Accept
On 06 Sep, 2020
Editor assigned
On 03 Sep, 2020
Submission checks complete
On 02 Sep, 2020
Editor invited
On 02 Sep, 2020
No comments provided
Editorial decision: Major Revision
On 09 Aug, 2020
Review #1 received
Received 05 Aug, 2020
Review #2 received
Received 22 Jul, 2020
Review #3 received
Received 21 Jul, 2020
Reviewer #3 agreed
On 13 Jul, 2020
Reviewer #2 agreed
On 10 Jul, 2020
Reviewer #1 agreed
On 07 Jul, 2020
Editor assigned
On 06 Jul, 2020
Reviewers invited
Invitations sent on 06 Jul, 2020
Editor invited
On 05 Jul, 2020
Submission checks complete
On 21 Jun, 2020
First submitted
On 16 Jun, 2020
Metrics
Comments: 0
PDF Downloads: ...
HTML Views: ...
Subject Areas
Environmental Policy
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A new preprint design is coming!
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See the published version of this preprint at Environmental Sciences Europe.
This is a preprint, a preliminary version of a manuscript that has not completed peer review at a journal. Research Square does not conduct peer review prior to posting preprints. The posting of a preprint on this server should not be interpreted as an endorsement of its validity or suitability for dissemination as established information or for guiding clinical practice.
Learn more about In Review
Research
Werner Brack
Helmholtz-Zentrum fur Umweltforschung UFZ
Corresponding Author
ORCiD: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9269-6524
Badges
Prescreen
This manuscript passed our Prescreen assessment
Complete author information
Appropriate declaration statements
Potential risks to human health
Prescreen
Peer Review Timeline
CURRENT STATUS: Published
View the published article at Environmental Sciences Europe.
Version 2
Posted 09 Sep, 2020
No community comments so far
Editorial decision: Accept
On 06 Sep, 2020
Editor assigned
On 03 Sep, 2020
Submission checks complete
On 02 Sep, 2020
Editor invited
On 02 Sep, 2020
No comments provided
Editorial decision: Major Revision
On 09 Aug, 2020
Review #1 received
Received 05 Aug, 2020
Review #2 received
Received 22 Jul, 2020
Review #3 received
Received 21 Jul, 2020
Reviewer #3 agreed
On 13 Jul, 2020
Reviewer #2 agreed
On 10 Jul, 2020
Reviewer #1 agreed
On 07 Jul, 2020
Editor assigned
On 06 Jul, 2020
Reviewers invited
Invitations sent on 06 Jul, 2020
Editor invited
On 05 Jul, 2020
Submission checks complete
On 21 Jun, 2020
First submitted
On 16 Jun, 2020
Metrics
Comments: 0
PDF Downloads: ...
HTML Views: ...
Subject Areas
Environmental Policy
License:
This work is licensed under a CC BY 4.0 License. Read Full License
View the published article at Environmental Sciences Europe.
Background: Substantial efforts have been made to monitor potentially hazardous anthropogenic contaminants in surface waters while for plant secondary metabolites (PSMs) almost no data on occurrence in the water cycle are available. These metabolites enter river waters through various pathways such as leaching, surface run-off and rain sewers or input of litter from vegetation and might add to the biological activity of the chemical mixture. To reduce this data gap we conducted a LC-HRMS target screening in river waters from two different catchments for 150 plant metabolites which were selected from a larger database considering their expected abundance in the vegetation, their potential mobility, persistence and toxicity in the water cycle and commercial availability of standards.
Results: The screening revealed the presence of 12 out of 150 possibly toxic PSMs including coumarins (bergapten, scopoletin, fraxidin, esculetin and psoralen), a flavonoid (formononetin) and alkaloids (lycorine and narciclasine). The compounds narciclasine and lycorine were detected at concentrations up to 3 µg/L while esculetin and fraxidin occurred at concentrations above 1 µg/L. Nine compounds occurred at concentrations above 0.1 µg/L, the Threshold for Toxicological Concern (TTC) for non-genotoxic and non-endocrine disrupting chemicals in drinking water.
Conclusions: Our study provides an overview of potentially biologically active PSMs in surface waters and recommends their consideration in monitoring and risk assessment of water resources. This is currently hampered by a lack of effect data including toxicity to aquatic organisms, endocrine disruption and genotoxicity and demands for involvement of these compounds in biotesting.
Figure 1
Figure 2
Figure 3
Figure 4
This is a list of supplementary files associated with this preprint. Click to download.
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