See the published version of this preprint at Journal of Foot and Ankle Research.
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Michelle Smith
University of Queensland
Corresponding Author
ORCiD: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7860-1581
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This work is licensed under a CC BY 4.0 License. Read Full License
Background: Chronic ankle conditions affect approximately 20% of Australian adults. Although there is a plethora of research on chronic hip and knee conditions, there is limited understanding of the impact of ankle problems. Thus, the significance of chronic ankle conditions is not clear. The aim of this study was to compare self-reported function, disability, instability, physical activity and quality of life (QoL) between adults with and without ankle symptoms. A secondary aim was to explore factors associated with QoL.
Method: Individuals with symptoms of ankle pain and stiffness (symptomatic individuals) and asymptomatic controls with no ankle pain or stiffness (asymptomatic individuals) completed a cross-sectional online survey. The survey included the Ankle Osteoarthritis Scale (AOS), Foot and Ankle Ability Measure (FAAM), Cumberland Ankle Instability Tool (CAIT), International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ), Assessment of QoL (AQoL-6D), and questions about ankle injury history.
Results: A total of 394 individuals (270 symptomatic and 124 asymptomatic) with mean age of 48.8 (standard deviation (SD): 12.1) years and body mass index of 28.7 (7.7) kgm-2 completed the survey. Standardized mean differences (SMD) were large to very large (1.45 to 3.20) for greater disability (AOS) and instability (CAIT), and poorer function (FAAM) in symptomatic compared to asymptomatic individuals. Individuals with ankle symptoms had higher body mass index and lower QoL (medium effect: SMD >1). There were no differences in self-report physical activity between groups. Lower activities of daily living (ADL) function (FAAM-ADL) best explained QoL in a multiple regression model (R2=0.66, p, 0.001).
Conclusion: Individuals with ankle symptoms reported ankle instability, greater disability, compromised function and worse QoL compared to asymptomatic individuals. There was a strong relationship between ankle function and QoL. Ankle-specific ability during ADL best explained the reduced QoL in individuals with ankle symptoms. Clinicians and researchers should consider ankle function as an antecedent to poorer QoL in patients who have ankle symptoms.
Keywords
ankle OA, survey and questionnaire, disability, function, quality of life
Figure 1
This is a list of supplementary files associated with this preprint. Click to download.
- AdditionalFile.png
Additional file I Forest plot comparing AQoL results between survey asymptomatic respondents and published norms.
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CURRENT STATUS: Published
View the published article at Journal of Foot and Ankle Research.
Version 2
Posted 21 Oct, 2020
No community comments so far
Editorial decision: Accept
On 14 Oct, 2020
Review #1 received
Received 13 Oct, 2020
Review #2 received
Received 13 Oct, 2020
Reviewer #2 agreed
On 12 Oct, 2020
Editor assigned
On 11 Oct, 2020
Reviewers invited
Invitations sent on 11 Oct, 2020
Reviewer #1 agreed
On 11 Oct, 2020
Submission checks complete
On 10 Oct, 2020
Editor invited
On 10 Oct, 2020
No comments provided
Reviewer #2 agreed
On 07 Sep, 2020
Review #2 received
Received 07 Sep, 2020
Editorial decision: Major revision
On 07 Sep, 2020
Review #1 received
Received 11 Jul, 2020
Reviewer #1 agreed
On 30 Jun, 2020
Reviewers invited
Invitations sent on 26 Jun, 2020
Editor assigned
On 17 Jun, 2020
First submitted
On 16 Jun, 2020
Submission checks complete
On 16 Jun, 2020
Editor invited
On 16 Jun, 2020
Metrics
Comments: 0
PDF Downloads: ...
HTML Views: ...
Subject Areas
Physical Medicine & Rehab
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A new preprint design is coming!
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See the published version of this preprint at Journal of Foot and Ankle Research.
This is a preprint, a preliminary version of a manuscript that has not completed peer review at a journal. Research Square does not conduct peer review prior to posting preprints. The posting of a preprint on this server should not be interpreted as an endorsement of its validity or suitability for dissemination as established information or for guiding clinical practice.
Learn more about In Review
Research
Michelle Smith
University of Queensland
Corresponding Author
ORCiD: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7860-1581
Badges
Prescreen
This manuscript passed our Prescreen assessment
Complete author information
Appropriate declaration statements
Potential risks to human health
Prescreen
Peer Review Timeline
CURRENT STATUS: Published
View the published article at Journal of Foot and Ankle Research.
Version 2
Posted 21 Oct, 2020
No community comments so far
Editorial decision: Accept
On 14 Oct, 2020
Review #1 received
Received 13 Oct, 2020
Review #2 received
Received 13 Oct, 2020
Reviewer #2 agreed
On 12 Oct, 2020
Editor assigned
On 11 Oct, 2020
Reviewers invited
Invitations sent on 11 Oct, 2020
Reviewer #1 agreed
On 11 Oct, 2020
Submission checks complete
On 10 Oct, 2020
Editor invited
On 10 Oct, 2020
No comments provided
Reviewer #2 agreed
On 07 Sep, 2020
Review #2 received
Received 07 Sep, 2020
Editorial decision: Major revision
On 07 Sep, 2020
Review #1 received
Received 11 Jul, 2020
Reviewer #1 agreed
On 30 Jun, 2020
Reviewers invited
Invitations sent on 26 Jun, 2020
Editor assigned
On 17 Jun, 2020
First submitted
On 16 Jun, 2020
Submission checks complete
On 16 Jun, 2020
Editor invited
On 16 Jun, 2020
Metrics
Comments: 0
PDF Downloads: ...
HTML Views: ...
Subject Areas
Physical Medicine & Rehab
License:
This work is licensed under a CC BY 4.0 License. Read Full License
View the published article at Journal of Foot and Ankle Research.
Background: Chronic ankle conditions affect approximately 20% of Australian adults. Although there is a plethora of research on chronic hip and knee conditions, there is limited understanding of the impact of ankle problems. Thus, the significance of chronic ankle conditions is not clear. The aim of this study was to compare self-reported function, disability, instability, physical activity and quality of life (QoL) between adults with and without ankle symptoms. A secondary aim was to explore factors associated with QoL.
Method: Individuals with symptoms of ankle pain and stiffness (symptomatic individuals) and asymptomatic controls with no ankle pain or stiffness (asymptomatic individuals) completed a cross-sectional online survey. The survey included the Ankle Osteoarthritis Scale (AOS), Foot and Ankle Ability Measure (FAAM), Cumberland Ankle Instability Tool (CAIT), International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ), Assessment of QoL (AQoL-6D), and questions about ankle injury history.
Results: A total of 394 individuals (270 symptomatic and 124 asymptomatic) with mean age of 48.8 (standard deviation (SD): 12.1) years and body mass index of 28.7 (7.7) kgm-2 completed the survey. Standardized mean differences (SMD) were large to very large (1.45 to 3.20) for greater disability (AOS) and instability (CAIT), and poorer function (FAAM) in symptomatic compared to asymptomatic individuals. Individuals with ankle symptoms had higher body mass index and lower QoL (medium effect: SMD >1). There were no differences in self-report physical activity between groups. Lower activities of daily living (ADL) function (FAAM-ADL) best explained QoL in a multiple regression model (R2=0.66, p, 0.001).
Conclusion: Individuals with ankle symptoms reported ankle instability, greater disability, compromised function and worse QoL compared to asymptomatic individuals. There was a strong relationship between ankle function and QoL. Ankle-specific ability during ADL best explained the reduced QoL in individuals with ankle symptoms. Clinicians and researchers should consider ankle function as an antecedent to poorer QoL in patients who have ankle symptoms.
Figure 1
This is a list of supplementary files associated with this preprint. Click to download.
- AdditionalFile.png
Additional file I Forest plot comparing AQoL results between survey asymptomatic respondents and published norms.
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