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Background Since animals frequently encounter a variety of harmful fungi in nature, their ability to develop sophisticated anti-fungal strategies allows them to flourish across the globe. Extensive studies have highlighted the significant involvement of indigenous microbial communities in human health. However, the daunting diversity of mammalian microbiota and host genetic complexity are major obstacles to our understanding of these intricate links between microbiota components, host immune genotype, and disease phenotype. In this study, we sought to develop a bacterium-fungus-Drosophila model to systematically evaluate the anti-fungal effects of commensal bacteria. Results We isolated the pathogenic fungal strain, Diaporthe FY, which was detrimental to the survival and development of Drosophila upon infection. Using Drosophila as a model system, Drosophila-associated Lactobacillus plantarum functioned as a probiotic, and protected the flies from mortality induced by Diaporthe FY. Our results show that L. plantarum hindered the growth of Diaporthe FY in vitro, and decreased the mortality rate of Diaporthe FY-infected flies in vivo, consequently mitigating the toxicity of Diaporthe FY to the hosts. Additionally, the presence of L. plantarum overrode the avoidance of oviposition on Diaporthe FY-associated substrates. Conclusions Diaporthe FY was identified as a potential Drosophila pathogen. Commensal L. plantarum mitigated the susceptibility of Drosophila to pathogenic fungi, providing insight into the natural interplay between commensal and pathogenic microbial communities that contribute to animal health and pathogenesis.
Keywords
L. plantarum, fungal infection, Drosophila, antagonist, oviposition
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CURRENT STATUS: Published
View the published article at BMC Microbiology.
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Submission checks complete
On 17 Dec, 2019
Editorial decision: Accept
On 13 Dec, 2019
No comments provided
Submission checks complete
On 11 Dec, 2019
Editorial decision: Minor revision
On 11 Dec, 2019
No comments provided
Editorial decision: Minor revision
On 05 Dec, 2019
Editor assigned
On 25 Nov, 2019
Submission checks complete
On 24 Nov, 2019
Editor invited
On 24 Nov, 2019
Version 2
Posted 14 Oct, 2019
No comments provided
Editorial decision: Minor revision
On 21 Nov, 2019
Reviewers invited
Invitations sent on 04 Nov, 2019
Editor assigned
On 04 Sep, 2019
Submission checks complete
On 03 Sep, 2019
Editor invited
On 03 Sep, 2019
No comments provided
Submission checks complete
On 08 Aug, 2019
Editorial decision: Revise before sending to peer reviewers
On 08 Aug, 2019
Editor assigned
On 01 Jul, 2019
First submitted
On 30 Jun, 2019
Editor invited
On 30 Jun, 2019
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Subject Areas
General Microbiology
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A new preprint design is coming!
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See the published version of this preprint at BMC Microbiology.
This is a preprint, a preliminary version of a manuscript that has not completed peer review at a journal. Research Square does not conduct peer review prior to posting preprints. The posting of a preprint on this server should not be interpreted as an endorsement of its validity or suitability for dissemination as established information or for guiding clinical practice.
Learn more about In Review
Research article
Badges
Prescreen
This manuscript passed our Prescreen assessment
Complete author information
Appropriate declaration statements
Potential risks to human health
Prescreen
Peer Review Timeline
CURRENT STATUS: Published
View the published article at BMC Microbiology.
No community comments so far
Submission checks complete
On 17 Dec, 2019
Editorial decision: Accept
On 13 Dec, 2019
No comments provided
Submission checks complete
On 11 Dec, 2019
Editorial decision: Minor revision
On 11 Dec, 2019
No comments provided
Editorial decision: Minor revision
On 05 Dec, 2019
Editor assigned
On 25 Nov, 2019
Submission checks complete
On 24 Nov, 2019
Editor invited
On 24 Nov, 2019
Version 2
Posted 14 Oct, 2019
No comments provided
Editorial decision: Minor revision
On 21 Nov, 2019
Reviewers invited
Invitations sent on 04 Nov, 2019
Editor assigned
On 04 Sep, 2019
Submission checks complete
On 03 Sep, 2019
Editor invited
On 03 Sep, 2019
No comments provided
Submission checks complete
On 08 Aug, 2019
Editorial decision: Revise before sending to peer reviewers
On 08 Aug, 2019
Editor assigned
On 01 Jul, 2019
First submitted
On 30 Jun, 2019
Editor invited
On 30 Jun, 2019
Metrics
Comments: 0
PDF Downloads: ...
HTML Views: ...
Subject Areas
General Microbiology
License:
This work is licensed under a CC BY 4.0 License. Read Full License
View the published article at BMC Microbiology.
Background Since animals frequently encounter a variety of harmful fungi in nature, their ability to develop sophisticated anti-fungal strategies allows them to flourish across the globe. Extensive studies have highlighted the significant involvement of indigenous microbial communities in human health. However, the daunting diversity of mammalian microbiota and host genetic complexity are major obstacles to our understanding of these intricate links between microbiota components, host immune genotype, and disease phenotype. In this study, we sought to develop a bacterium-fungus-Drosophila model to systematically evaluate the anti-fungal effects of commensal bacteria. Results We isolated the pathogenic fungal strain, Diaporthe FY, which was detrimental to the survival and development of Drosophila upon infection. Using Drosophila as a model system, Drosophila-associated Lactobacillus plantarum functioned as a probiotic, and protected the flies from mortality induced by Diaporthe FY. Our results show that L. plantarum hindered the growth of Diaporthe FY in vitro, and decreased the mortality rate of Diaporthe FY-infected flies in vivo, consequently mitigating the toxicity of Diaporthe FY to the hosts. Additionally, the presence of L. plantarum overrode the avoidance of oviposition on Diaporthe FY-associated substrates. Conclusions Diaporthe FY was identified as a potential Drosophila pathogen. Commensal L. plantarum mitigated the susceptibility of Drosophila to pathogenic fungi, providing insight into the natural interplay between commensal and pathogenic microbial communities that contribute to animal health and pathogenesis.
Figure 1
Figure 2
Figure 3
Figure 4
Figure 5
Figure 6
This is a list of supplementary files associated with this preprint. Click to download.
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