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Background: Upland cotton ( Gossypium hirsutum L.) is one of the most economically important crops worldwide . Cottonseed is a major significant source of fiber, feed, foodstuff, oil and biofuel products. However, the utilization of cottonseed is limited by the presence of small and darkly pigmented glands that contain large amounts of gossypol, which is toxic to human beings and other non-ruminant animals. To date,some progress has been made in the pigment gland formation, but the underlying molecular mechanism of pigment gland formation was still unclear.
Results: In this study, we identified an AP2/ERF transcription factor named GhERF105 (Gh_A12G1784), which is involved in the regulation of gland pigmentation, from comparative transcriptome analysis of the leaf transcriptome from two pairs of glanded and glandless accessions, which are CCRI12 and CCRI12XW, L7 and L7XW. This gene encoded an ERF protein containing a converved AP2 domain localized in the nucleus with transcriptional activity., and it showed the high expression in glanded cotton accessions that contained much gossypol. Virus-induced gene silencing(VIGS) against GhERF105 caused the dramatic reduction in the number of glands and significantly lowered levels of gossypol in cotton leaves. GhERF105 showed the patterns of spatiotemporal and inducible expression in the glanded plants.
Conclusions: These results suggest that GhERF105 contributes to the pigment gland formation and gossypol biosynthesis in partial organs of glanded plant. It also provides a potential molecular basis to generate ‘glandless-seed’ and ‘glanded-plant’ cotton cultivar.
Keywords
Cotton (Gossypium hirsutum. L.), GhERF105, gland formation, transcription factor
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This is a list of supplementary files associated with this preprint. Click to download.
- supplementaryfigure.pdf
Additional file 1: Fig. S1 Amplification of the full-length cDNA of GhERF105. 1: DNA marker; 2-3: the full-length cDNA of GhERF105 Additional file 1:Fig. S2 Nucleotide and amino acid sequences of GhERF105. Symbol ‘*’ indicates the amino acid encoded by TGA, The conserved ERF domain is in black bold. Additional file 2: Fig. S3 The phenotypes of stem inoculated with pTRV::GhERF105 and empty vector (pTRV::00) Additional file 3: Fig. S4 The double digestion by XbaI and SmaI of result of pBI121-GhERF105-GFP construction. 1: DNA marker (DM15000), 2 double digestion by endonuclease of recombinant vector. 3 DNA marker (DM2000).
- supplementarytables.xls
Table S1 List of primers used for cloning GhERF105 Table S2 Primer of Real-time PCR used in the expression analysis of GhERF105 and other genes Table S3 List of primers used in VIGS experiment Table S4 List of primers used in subcellular localization Table S5 List of primers used in transactivation activity experiment
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Received 17 Oct, 2020
Editorial decision: Major revision
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Received 13 Oct, 2020
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See the published version of this preprint at BMC Plant Biology.
This is a preprint, a preliminary version of a manuscript that has not completed peer review at a journal. Research Square does not conduct peer review prior to posting preprints. The posting of a preprint on this server should not be interpreted as an endorsement of its validity or suitability for dissemination as established information or for guiding clinical practice.
Learn more about In Review
Research article
Badges
Prescreen
This manuscript passed our Prescreen assessment
Complete author information
Appropriate declaration statements
Potential risks to human health
Prescreen
Peer Review Timeline
CURRENT STATUS: Published
View the published article at BMC Plant Biology.
No community comments so far
Submission checks complete
On 15 Jan, 2021
Editorial decision: Minor revision
On 11 Jan, 2021
No comments provided
Editorial decision: Minor revision
On 07 Jan, 2021
Reviewers invited
Invitations sent on 29 Dec, 2020
Reviewer #1 agreed
On 29 Dec, 2020
Review #1 received
Received 29 Dec, 2020
Editor assigned
On 28 Dec, 2020
Submission checks complete
On 28 Dec, 2020
Editor invited
On 28 Dec, 2020
Version (no preprint)
Posted 19 Dec, 2020
Editorial decision: Minor revision
On 19 Dec, 2020
Reviewer #1 agreed
On 19 Dec, 2020
Review #1 received
Received 19 Dec, 2020
Reviewers invited
Invitations sent on 15 Dec, 2020
Editor assigned
On 13 Dec, 2020
Submission checks complete
On 13 Dec, 2020
Editor invited
On 13 Dec, 2020
This version was not preprinted
Version 2
Posted 03 Dec, 2020
No comments provided
Editorial decision: Major revision
On 30 Nov, 2020
Reviewers invited
Invitations sent on 16 Nov, 2020
Reviewer #1 agreed
On 16 Nov, 2020
Review #1 received
Received 16 Nov, 2020
Editor assigned
On 15 Nov, 2020
Submission checks complete
On 15 Nov, 2020
Editor invited
On 15 Nov, 2020
No comments provided
Review #2 received
Received 17 Oct, 2020
Editorial decision: Major revision
On 17 Oct, 2020
Review #1 received
Received 13 Oct, 2020
Reviewer #2 agreed
On 02 Sep, 2020
Reviewer #1 agreed
On 31 Aug, 2020
Reviewers invited
Invitations sent on 26 Aug, 2020
Editor assigned
On 02 Aug, 2020
Submission checks complete
On 01 Aug, 2020
Editor invited
On 01 Aug, 2020
Metrics
Comments: 0
PDF Downloads: ...
HTML Views: ...
License:
This work is licensed under a CC BY 4.0 License. Read Full License
View the published article at BMC Plant Biology.
Background: Upland cotton ( Gossypium hirsutum L.) is one of the most economically important crops worldwide . Cottonseed is a major significant source of fiber, feed, foodstuff, oil and biofuel products. However, the utilization of cottonseed is limited by the presence of small and darkly pigmented glands that contain large amounts of gossypol, which is toxic to human beings and other non-ruminant animals. To date,some progress has been made in the pigment gland formation, but the underlying molecular mechanism of pigment gland formation was still unclear.
Results: In this study, we identified an AP2/ERF transcription factor named GhERF105 (Gh_A12G1784), which is involved in the regulation of gland pigmentation, from comparative transcriptome analysis of the leaf transcriptome from two pairs of glanded and glandless accessions, which are CCRI12 and CCRI12XW, L7 and L7XW. This gene encoded an ERF protein containing a converved AP2 domain localized in the nucleus with transcriptional activity., and it showed the high expression in glanded cotton accessions that contained much gossypol. Virus-induced gene silencing(VIGS) against GhERF105 caused the dramatic reduction in the number of glands and significantly lowered levels of gossypol in cotton leaves. GhERF105 showed the patterns of spatiotemporal and inducible expression in the glanded plants.
Conclusions: These results suggest that GhERF105 contributes to the pigment gland formation and gossypol biosynthesis in partial organs of glanded plant. It also provides a potential molecular basis to generate ‘glandless-seed’ and ‘glanded-plant’ cotton cultivar.
Figure 1
Figure 2
Figure 3
Figure 4
Figure 5
Figure 6
Figure 7
Figure 8
Figure 9
This is a list of supplementary files associated with this preprint. Click to download.
- supplementaryfigure.pdf
Additional file 1: Fig. S1 Amplification of the full-length cDNA of GhERF105. 1: DNA marker; 2-3: the full-length cDNA of GhERF105 Additional file 1:Fig. S2 Nucleotide and amino acid sequences of GhERF105. Symbol ‘*’ indicates the amino acid encoded by TGA, The conserved ERF domain is in black bold. Additional file 2: Fig. S3 The phenotypes of stem inoculated with pTRV::GhERF105 and empty vector (pTRV::00) Additional file 3: Fig. S4 The double digestion by XbaI and SmaI of result of pBI121-GhERF105-GFP construction. 1: DNA marker (DM15000), 2 double digestion by endonuclease of recombinant vector. 3 DNA marker (DM2000).
- supplementarytables.xls
Table S1 List of primers used for cloning GhERF105 Table S2 Primer of Real-time PCR used in the expression analysis of GhERF105 and other genes Table S3 List of primers used in VIGS experiment Table S4 List of primers used in subcellular localization Table S5 List of primers used in transactivation activity experiment
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