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Research article
Sikhumbuzo A Mabunda
George Institute for Global Health
Corresponding Author
ORCiD: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9458-3742
License:
This work is licensed under a CC BY 4.0 License. Read Full License
Background
To effectively reduce vertical HIV transmission requires a reduction of HIV prevalence and incidence among pregnant women and a full understanding of its epidemiology. There is, however, literature paucity of HIV studies focusing on women attending antenatal care in rural areas in South Africa.
Methods
A Cross-sectional study of women attending antenatal care in four Primary Care facilities was conducted using an interviewer-administered questionnaire which collected information on socio-demographic characteristics and medical history. Binomial logistic regression analyses were used to determine factors associated with HIV and to estimate the prevalence ratio (PR). The 95% confidence interval (95%CI) is used for precision of estimates; p ≤ 0.05 for statistical significance.
Results
A total of 343 participants were recruited. The antenatal HIV prevalence was 38.2% (95%CI: 33.2–43.9). Participants older than 40 years were 4.6 times significantly more likely to be HIV positive compared to teenagers (p-value = 0.019). Furthermore, multiparous, unemployed and employed participants, were significantly associated with 40%, 60% and 70% higher antenatal HIV prevalences respectively when compared to primigravidas or tertiary students (p-value < 0.0001).
Conclusion
Despite a 100% antenatal HIV testing rate, the antenatal HIV prevalence remains high and is increasing in this population, coupled with no spousal attendance in antenatal care and poor condom compliance. It is therefore important to remain vigilant and monitor mother-to-child transmission that could be associated with this increased prevalence.
Keywords
Antenatal Care HIV, HIV Epidemiology, Prevention of Mother-to-Child Transmission or PMTCT AND HIV, Mother-to-Child Transmission or MTCT AND HIV
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Peer Review Timeline
CURRENT STATUS: Published
View the published article at BMC Infectious Diseases.
No community comments so far
Submission checks complete
On 26 Dec, 2020
Editorial decision: Accept
On 21 Dec, 2020
No comments provided
Review #2 received
Received 05 Dec, 2020
Reviewer #3 agreed
On 17 Nov, 2020
Reviewer #2 agreed
On 17 Nov, 2020
Reviewer #1 agreed
On 12 Nov, 2020
Reviewers invited
Invitations sent on 09 Nov, 2020
Submission checks complete
On 19 Oct, 2020
Editor assigned
On 19 Oct, 2020
Editor invited
On 18 Oct, 2020
Version 1
Posted 02 Jul, 2020
No comments provided
Review #3 received
Received 18 Aug, 2020
Editorial decision: Major revision
On 18 Aug, 2020
Reviewer #3 agreed
On 03 Aug, 2020
Review #2 received
Received 27 Jul, 2020
Review #1 received
Received 25 Jul, 2020
Reviewer #2 agreed
On 10 Jul, 2020
Reviewer #1 agreed
On 08 Jul, 2020
Reviewers invited
Invitations sent on 07 Jul, 2020
Editor assigned
On 29 Jun, 2020
Submission checks complete
On 28 Jun, 2020
Editor invited
On 28 Jun, 2020
First submitted
On 27 Jun, 2020
Metrics
Comments: 0
PDF Downloads: ...
HTML Views: ...
Subject Areas
Infectious Diseases
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A new preprint design is coming!
We have improved readability, clarity, accessibility, and opportunities for engagement.
See the published version of this preprint at BMC Infectious Diseases.
This is a preprint, a preliminary version of a manuscript that has not completed peer review at a journal. Research Square does not conduct peer review prior to posting preprints. The posting of a preprint on this server should not be interpreted as an endorsement of its validity or suitability for dissemination as established information or for guiding clinical practice.
Learn more about In Review
Research article
Sikhumbuzo A Mabunda
George Institute for Global Health
Corresponding Author
ORCiD: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9458-3742
Badges
Prescreen
This manuscript passed our Prescreen assessment
Complete author information
Appropriate declaration statements
Potential risks to human health
Prescreen
Peer Review Timeline
CURRENT STATUS: Published
View the published article at BMC Infectious Diseases.
No community comments so far
Submission checks complete
On 26 Dec, 2020
Editorial decision: Accept
On 21 Dec, 2020
No comments provided
Review #2 received
Received 05 Dec, 2020
Reviewer #3 agreed
On 17 Nov, 2020
Reviewer #2 agreed
On 17 Nov, 2020
Reviewer #1 agreed
On 12 Nov, 2020
Reviewers invited
Invitations sent on 09 Nov, 2020
Submission checks complete
On 19 Oct, 2020
Editor assigned
On 19 Oct, 2020
Editor invited
On 18 Oct, 2020
Version 1
Posted 02 Jul, 2020
No comments provided
Review #3 received
Received 18 Aug, 2020
Editorial decision: Major revision
On 18 Aug, 2020
Reviewer #3 agreed
On 03 Aug, 2020
Review #2 received
Received 27 Jul, 2020
Review #1 received
Received 25 Jul, 2020
Reviewer #2 agreed
On 10 Jul, 2020
Reviewer #1 agreed
On 08 Jul, 2020
Reviewers invited
Invitations sent on 07 Jul, 2020
Editor assigned
On 29 Jun, 2020
Submission checks complete
On 28 Jun, 2020
Editor invited
On 28 Jun, 2020
First submitted
On 27 Jun, 2020
Metrics
Comments: 0
PDF Downloads: ...
HTML Views: ...
Subject Areas
Infectious Diseases
License:
This work is licensed under a CC BY 4.0 License. Read Full License
View the published article at BMC Infectious Diseases.
Background
To effectively reduce vertical HIV transmission requires a reduction of HIV prevalence and incidence among pregnant women and a full understanding of its epidemiology. There is, however, literature paucity of HIV studies focusing on women attending antenatal care in rural areas in South Africa.
Methods
A Cross-sectional study of women attending antenatal care in four Primary Care facilities was conducted using an interviewer-administered questionnaire which collected information on socio-demographic characteristics and medical history. Binomial logistic regression analyses were used to determine factors associated with HIV and to estimate the prevalence ratio (PR). The 95% confidence interval (95%CI) is used for precision of estimates; p ≤ 0.05 for statistical significance.
Results
A total of 343 participants were recruited. The antenatal HIV prevalence was 38.2% (95%CI: 33.2–43.9). Participants older than 40 years were 4.6 times significantly more likely to be HIV positive compared to teenagers (p-value = 0.019). Furthermore, multiparous, unemployed and employed participants, were significantly associated with 40%, 60% and 70% higher antenatal HIV prevalences respectively when compared to primigravidas or tertiary students (p-value < 0.0001).
Conclusion
Despite a 100% antenatal HIV testing rate, the antenatal HIV prevalence remains high and is increasing in this population, coupled with no spousal attendance in antenatal care and poor condom compliance. It is therefore important to remain vigilant and monitor mother-to-child transmission that could be associated with this increased prevalence.
Figure 1
Figure 2
This is a list of supplementary files associated with this preprint. Click to download.
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