Background: This study aimed to adapt the Identification of Functional Ankle Instability (IdFAI) questionnaire into simplified Chinese version and assess its reliability, validity, and responsiveness in Chinese-speaking patients with chronic ankle instability (CAI) disorders. Methods: The simplified Chinese version of the IdFAI (SC-IdFAI) questionnaire was developed in a five-step procedure of cross-cultural translation and adaptation. Three questionnaires, including the SC-IdFAI, Medical Outcomes Study Short-Form 36 (SF-36), and Foot and Ankle Ability Measure (FAAM), were administered to the recruited patients. Then, the Cronbach’s alpha, intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC), standard error of measurement (SEM), minimal detectable change (MDC), Spearman’s correlation coefficient (rs), effect size (ES), and standardized response mean (SRM) were calculated to evaluate the reliability, validity, and responsiveness of the SC-IdFAI questionnaire. Results: A total of 131, 119, and 86 patients with CAI successfully completed the first, second, and third rounds of the questionnaires, respectively. Good or excellent internal consistency and test–retest reliability were found in the overall scale and subscales of the SC-IdFAI questionnaire. Low values for SEM (1.346) and MDC (3.73) indicated that small clinical changes could be detected by the SC-IdFAI questionnaire. The correlations of SC-IdFAI with FAAM and SF-36 were generally in agreement with a priori hypotheses (85%, 34/40), suggesting good construct validity of the SC-IdFAI questionnaire. Moreover, good responsiveness was observed in the overall scale and subscales of the SC-IdFAI questionnaire. Conclusion: The SC-IdFAI questionnaire was reliable, valid, and responsive for evaluating Chinese-speaking patients with CAI and might prove to be an effective instrument.

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On 23 Apr, 2020
Received 21 Apr, 2020
Invitations sent on 17 Apr, 2020
On 17 Apr, 2020
On 19 Mar, 2020
On 18 Mar, 2020
On 18 Mar, 2020
Posted 15 Aug, 2019
On 24 Feb, 2020
Received 14 Feb, 2020
On 24 Jan, 2020
Received 18 Dec, 2019
On 01 Nov, 2019
Invitations sent on 19 Sep, 2019
On 03 Sep, 2019
On 08 Aug, 2019
On 08 Aug, 2019
On 25 Jul, 2019
On 23 Apr, 2020
Received 21 Apr, 2020
Invitations sent on 17 Apr, 2020
On 17 Apr, 2020
On 19 Mar, 2020
On 18 Mar, 2020
On 18 Mar, 2020
Posted 15 Aug, 2019
On 24 Feb, 2020
Received 14 Feb, 2020
On 24 Jan, 2020
Received 18 Dec, 2019
On 01 Nov, 2019
Invitations sent on 19 Sep, 2019
On 03 Sep, 2019
On 08 Aug, 2019
On 08 Aug, 2019
On 25 Jul, 2019
Background: This study aimed to adapt the Identification of Functional Ankle Instability (IdFAI) questionnaire into simplified Chinese version and assess its reliability, validity, and responsiveness in Chinese-speaking patients with chronic ankle instability (CAI) disorders. Methods: The simplified Chinese version of the IdFAI (SC-IdFAI) questionnaire was developed in a five-step procedure of cross-cultural translation and adaptation. Three questionnaires, including the SC-IdFAI, Medical Outcomes Study Short-Form 36 (SF-36), and Foot and Ankle Ability Measure (FAAM), were administered to the recruited patients. Then, the Cronbach’s alpha, intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC), standard error of measurement (SEM), minimal detectable change (MDC), Spearman’s correlation coefficient (rs), effect size (ES), and standardized response mean (SRM) were calculated to evaluate the reliability, validity, and responsiveness of the SC-IdFAI questionnaire. Results: A total of 131, 119, and 86 patients with CAI successfully completed the first, second, and third rounds of the questionnaires, respectively. Good or excellent internal consistency and test–retest reliability were found in the overall scale and subscales of the SC-IdFAI questionnaire. Low values for SEM (1.346) and MDC (3.73) indicated that small clinical changes could be detected by the SC-IdFAI questionnaire. The correlations of SC-IdFAI with FAAM and SF-36 were generally in agreement with a priori hypotheses (85%, 34/40), suggesting good construct validity of the SC-IdFAI questionnaire. Moreover, good responsiveness was observed in the overall scale and subscales of the SC-IdFAI questionnaire. Conclusion: The SC-IdFAI questionnaire was reliable, valid, and responsive for evaluating Chinese-speaking patients with CAI and might prove to be an effective instrument.

Figure 1
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