• Ethics approval and consent to participate
The study protocol was reviewed and approved by the Institutional Review Boards of Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology/KATH and Yale University (IRB protocol # 1205010310). All procedures performed in this study were in accordance with the ethical standards of the institutional and/or national research committee and with the 1964 Helsinki declaration and its later amendments or comparable ethical standards. Informed consent was obtained from all individual participants included in the study.
• Consent for publication
Not applicable.
• Availability of data and materials
The datasets used and analyzed during the current study are available from the corresponding author on reasonable request.
• Competing interests
The authors declare that they have no competing interests.
• Funding
This study was funded by a grant from National Institutes of Health/National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (R01HD074253). The content of the paper is solely the responsibility of the authors and does not necessarily represent the official view of NIH. CR was supported by the Yale University Downs International Health Student Travel Fellowship and the Yale University Lindsay Fellowship for Research in Africa.
• Funding Source:
This study was sponsored by the NIH/NICHD (R01HD074253)
• ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier
NCT01701635
• Funding Source:
This study was sponsored by the NIH/NICHD (R01HD074253)
•Acknowledgements
We thank the Sankofa Project caregiver and child dyads for their participations. We are grateful to the staff at Pediatric AIDS Clinics at Korle-Bu and Komfo Anokye Teaching Hospitals and the Ghana–Yale Partnership for Global Health for their support. The content of the paper is solely the responsibility of the authors and does not necessarily represent the official view of NIH. ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT01701635.
Members of the Sankofa Study Team: Elijah Paintsil, Nancy R. Reynolds, Tassos C. Kyriakides, and Geliang Gan, Yale University, USA; Lorna Renner, Margaret Lartey, Angela Ofori- Atta, Jonas Kusah Tettey, Joyceline Assimeng, Obedia Akweley Seaneke, Dramani Yakubu, and Kevin Bonsu, Korle-Bu Teaching Hospital, Accra, Ghana; Sampson Antwi, Kofi Aikins Amissah, Anthony Enimil, Amina Alhassan, and Irene Pokuaa Ofori, Komfo Anokye Teaching Hospital, Kumasi, Ghana; Ann Christine Catlin, Sumudinie Fernando, and Chandima Hewa Nadungodage, Purdue University, USA.