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Epidemic and molecular characterization of fluoroquinolone-resistant Shigella dysenteriae 1 isolates from calves with diarrhea
Jiyu Zhang
Lanzhou Institute of husbandry and Pharmaceutical Sciences of CAAS
Corresponding Author
ORCiD: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6114-3396
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This work is licensed under a CC BY 4.0 License. Read Full License
View the published version at BMC Microbiology.
Background: The widespread distribution of antimicrobial-resistant Shigella has become a recurrent challenge in many parts of the developing world. Previous studies indicate that the host of Shigella has expanded from humans to animals. This study aimed to investigate the prevalence of fluoroquinolone resistance and associated molecular characterization of S. dysenteriae 1 isolated from calves.
Results: All 38 unduplicated S. dysenteriae 1 isolates were collected from calves in Gansu Province from October 2014 to December 2016. According to MLST and PFGE analysis, these isolates were separated into 4 and 28 genotypes, respectively. The most common STs identified were ST228 (34.21%, 13/38) and ST229 (39.47%, 15/38), which were first found in the present study. All isolates harbored virulence genes, and the incidence of the seven virulence genes were ipaH (100%), ipaBCD (92.11%), stx (73.68%), ial (57.89%), sen (28.95%), set1A and set1B. According to the results of antimicrobial susceptibilities, 76.32% (29/38) were resistant to fluoroquinolone and showed multidrug resistance. In a study on the polymorphism of quinolone resistance–determining region (QRDR) of gyrA/B and parC/E genes, we identified two mutations in gyrA (Ser83→Leu and Asp87→Asn) and parC (Ser80→Ile and Ser83→Leu), respectively. Among them, 55.17% (16/29) of resistant strains had the gyrA point mutations (Ser83→Leu) and parC point mutation (Ser83→Leu). Moreover, 41.38% (12/29) of isolates had all five point mutations of gyrA and parC. In addition, the prevalence of the plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance (PMQR) determinant genes was also investigated. All 29 fluoroquinolone-resistant isolates were positive for the aac(6’)-Ib-cr gene but negative for qepA, except SD001. In addition, only 6 (20.69%, 6/29) isolates harbored the qnr gene, including two with qnrB (6.90%, 2/29) and four with qnrS (13.79%, 4/29).
Conclusion: Given the increased common emergence of multidrug resistant isolates, uninterrupted surveillance will be necessary to understand the actual epidemic burden and control this infection.
Keywords
Shigella dysenteriae, fluoroquinolone-resistant, QRDR, PMQR
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This preprint is under consideration at BMC Microbiology. A preprint is a preliminary version of a manuscript that has not completed peer review at a journal. Research Square does not conduct peer review prior to posting preprints. The posting of a preprint on this server should not be interpreted as an endorsement of its validity or suitability for dissemination as established information or for guiding clinical practice.
Learn more about In Review
Research article
Epidemic and molecular characterization of fluoroquinolone-resistant Shigella dysenteriae 1 isolates from calves with diarrhea
Jiyu Zhang
Lanzhou Institute of husbandry and Pharmaceutical Sciences of CAAS
Corresponding Author
ORCiD: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6114-3396
Badges
Prescreen
This manuscript passed our Prescreen assessment
Complete author information
Appropriate declaration statements
Potential risks to human health
Prescreen
Peer Review Timeline
CURRENT STATUS: Published
No comments provided
Reviewer #1 agreed
On 13 Nov, 2020
Review #1 received
Received 13 Nov, 2020
Editor assigned
On 12 Nov, 2020
Reviewers invited
Invitations sent on 12 Nov, 2020
Submission checks complete
On 12 Nov, 2020
Editor invited
On 12 Nov, 2020
Version 2
Posted 10 Sep, 2020
No comments provided
Editorial decision: Minor revision
On 29 Oct, 2020
Review #2 received
Received 25 Oct, 2020
Review #3 received
Received 20 Oct, 2020
Review #1 received
Received 07 Oct, 2020
Reviewer #3 agreed
On 05 Oct, 2020
Reviewer #2 agreed
On 04 Oct, 2020
Reviewers invited
Invitations sent on 02 Oct, 2020
Reviewer #1 agreed
On 02 Oct, 2020
Editor assigned
On 07 Sep, 2020
Submission checks complete
On 06 Sep, 2020
Editor invited
On 06 Sep, 2020
No comments provided
Review #4 received
Received 11 Aug, 2020
Editorial decision: Major revision
On 11 Aug, 2020
Review #3 received
Received 07 Aug, 2020
Review #1 received
Received 23 Jul, 2020
Review #2 received
Received 23 Jul, 2020
Reviewer #6 agreed
On 21 Jul, 2020
Reviewer #5 agreed
On 20 Jul, 2020
Reviewers invited
Invitations sent on 17 Jul, 2020
Reviewer #1 agreed
On 17 Jul, 2020
Reviewer #2 agreed
On 17 Jul, 2020
Reviewer #3 agreed
On 17 Jul, 2020
Reviewer #4 agreed
On 17 Jul, 2020
Editor assigned
On 02 Jul, 2020
First submitted
On 01 Jul, 2020
Submission checks complete
On 01 Jul, 2020
Editor invited
On 01 Jul, 2020
Metrics
Comments: 0
PDF Downloads: ...
HTML Views: ...
License:
This work is licensed under a CC BY 4.0 License. Read Full License
View the published version at BMC Microbiology.
Background: The widespread distribution of antimicrobial-resistant Shigella has become a recurrent challenge in many parts of the developing world. Previous studies indicate that the host of Shigella has expanded from humans to animals. This study aimed to investigate the prevalence of fluoroquinolone resistance and associated molecular characterization of S. dysenteriae 1 isolated from calves.
Results: All 38 unduplicated S. dysenteriae 1 isolates were collected from calves in Gansu Province from October 2014 to December 2016. According to MLST and PFGE analysis, these isolates were separated into 4 and 28 genotypes, respectively. The most common STs identified were ST228 (34.21%, 13/38) and ST229 (39.47%, 15/38), which were first found in the present study. All isolates harbored virulence genes, and the incidence of the seven virulence genes were ipaH (100%), ipaBCD (92.11%), stx (73.68%), ial (57.89%), sen (28.95%), set1A and set1B. According to the results of antimicrobial susceptibilities, 76.32% (29/38) were resistant to fluoroquinolone and showed multidrug resistance. In a study on the polymorphism of quinolone resistance–determining region (QRDR) of gyrA/B and parC/E genes, we identified two mutations in gyrA (Ser83→Leu and Asp87→Asn) and parC (Ser80→Ile and Ser83→Leu), respectively. Among them, 55.17% (16/29) of resistant strains had the gyrA point mutations (Ser83→Leu) and parC point mutation (Ser83→Leu). Moreover, 41.38% (12/29) of isolates had all five point mutations of gyrA and parC. In addition, the prevalence of the plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance (PMQR) determinant genes was also investigated. All 29 fluoroquinolone-resistant isolates were positive for the aac(6’)-Ib-cr gene but negative for qepA, except SD001. In addition, only 6 (20.69%, 6/29) isolates harbored the qnr gene, including two with qnrB (6.90%, 2/29) and four with qnrS (13.79%, 4/29).
Conclusion: Given the increased common emergence of multidrug resistant isolates, uninterrupted surveillance will be necessary to understand the actual epidemic burden and control this infection.
Figure 1
Figure 2
Figure 3