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Research article
mohammed-Jafar Saffar
Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences
Corresponding Author
ORCiD: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9335-6262
License:
This work is licensed under a CC BY 4.0 License. Read Full License
Background: Iranian children have been vaccinated with the scheduled two doses of monovalent measles vaccine (mMV) since 1984. In December 2003, a nationwide campaign of measles-rubella (MR) immunization targeted 5-25 years population was established. In 2004, the mMV was replaced with measles- mumps-rubella (MMR) vaccine. Despite the high vaccination coverage, the outbreaks of measles still occurs in the country. In this Study, the measles-rubella immunity status of various age groups, vaccinated with different schedules was investigated, and the immunologic response of seronegative subjects to revaccination was examined.
Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted among 7- 33-year-old healthy individuals with a documented history of measles vaccination from November 2017-to June 2018. The subjects were categorized as fallow: groupA: including 20-33 years-old; vaccinated with 1-2 dose of mMV, and revaccinated with MR, groupB, including 15-19-year-old individuals, vaccinated with two doses of mMV at nine and 15 months of age, and in addition to one dose MMR upon school entrance, groupC, including 11-14 year-old individuals vaccinated, with two-doses of MMR at the ages of 15 months and six years, and groupD, including 7-10 year individuals vaccinated with two-doses of MMR vaccine at the ages 12 and 18 months, respectively. Nest the consecrations of antimeasles-antirubella IgG antibodies in the collected sera were measured. Among seronegative subjects, the antimeasles-antirubella IgM and IgG were reexamined at 4-6 weeks after MMR revaccination. The collected data were analyzed using descriptive statistical methods.
Results: A total of 635 individuals, including 322 females were investigated in this study. The relative distribution of subjects in each group was as falows: groupA, 98; groupB, 295; groupC, 139; and groupD, 103 persons. Overall, 12.3% and 18.4% of the population were seronegative for measles and rubella antibodies. This rate varied greatly between the 4 groups: groupA, 2%-0/0%; groupB,15.2%- 25.0%; groupC,11.5%- 17.2%; and groupD,14.6%- 18.4%. After revaccination, 92% and 94.9% of seronegative individuals only showed IgG response to measles and rubella vaccines, respectively.
Conclusion: Despite the high coverage rate of M-R containing vaccines, a significant numbers of vaccinated subjects were seronegative for measles and rubella, possibly because of secondary vaccine failure; this may negatively affect measles-rubella elimination targets in the country. If these findings are confirmed in similar future studies, a more robust regional/national supplementary immunization activity should be considered.
Keywords
Measles, Rubella, MMR, Measles elimination, congenial rubella syndrome. Iran.
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CURRENT STATUS: Published
View the published article at BMC Infectious Diseases.
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Posted 04 Jan, 2021
No community comments so far
Editorial decision: Major revision
On 02 Feb, 2021
Review #1 received
Received 14 Jan, 2021
Reviewer #1 agreed
On 27 Dec, 2020
Reviewers invited
Invitations sent on 21 Dec, 2020
Editor assigned
On 16 Dec, 2020
Submission checks complete
On 16 Dec, 2020
Editor invited
On 16 Dec, 2020
No comments provided
Editorial decision: Major revision
On 08 Nov, 2020
Review #1 received
Received 02 Nov, 2020
Review #3 received
Received 23 Oct, 2020
Reviewer #3 agreed
On 15 Oct, 2020
Reviewer #2 agreed
On 14 Oct, 2020
Review #2 received
Received 14 Oct, 2020
Editor assigned
On 13 Oct, 2020
Reviewers invited
Invitations sent on 13 Oct, 2020
Reviewer #1 agreed
On 13 Oct, 2020
Submission checks complete
On 12 Oct, 2020
Editor invited
On 12 Oct, 2020
No comments provided
Editorial decision: Major revision
On 15 Sep, 2020
Review #3 received
Received 08 Sep, 2020
Review #2 received
Received 31 Aug, 2020
Reviewer #3 agreed
On 17 Aug, 2020
Reviewer #2 agreed
On 14 Aug, 2020
Review #1 received
Received 30 Jul, 2020
Reviewer #1 agreed
On 23 Jul, 2020
Reviewers invited
Invitations sent on 22 Jul, 2020
First submitted
On 02 Jul, 2020
Editor assigned
On 02 Jul, 2020
Submission checks complete
On 01 Jul, 2020
Editor invited
On 01 Jul, 2020
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PDF Downloads: ...
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Subject Areas
Infectious Diseases
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A new preprint design is coming!
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See the published version of this preprint at BMC Infectious Diseases.
This is a preprint, a preliminary version of a manuscript that has not completed peer review at a journal. Research Square does not conduct peer review prior to posting preprints. The posting of a preprint on this server should not be interpreted as an endorsement of its validity or suitability for dissemination as established information or for guiding clinical practice.
Learn more about In Review
Research article
mohammed-Jafar Saffar
Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences
Corresponding Author
ORCiD: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9335-6262
Badges
Prescreen
This manuscript passed our Prescreen assessment
Complete author information
Appropriate declaration statements
Potential risks to human health
Prescreen
Peer Review Timeline
CURRENT STATUS: Published
View the published article at BMC Infectious Diseases.
Version 3
Posted 04 Jan, 2021
No community comments so far
Editorial decision: Major revision
On 02 Feb, 2021
Review #1 received
Received 14 Jan, 2021
Reviewer #1 agreed
On 27 Dec, 2020
Reviewers invited
Invitations sent on 21 Dec, 2020
Editor assigned
On 16 Dec, 2020
Submission checks complete
On 16 Dec, 2020
Editor invited
On 16 Dec, 2020
No comments provided
Editorial decision: Major revision
On 08 Nov, 2020
Review #1 received
Received 02 Nov, 2020
Review #3 received
Received 23 Oct, 2020
Reviewer #3 agreed
On 15 Oct, 2020
Reviewer #2 agreed
On 14 Oct, 2020
Review #2 received
Received 14 Oct, 2020
Editor assigned
On 13 Oct, 2020
Reviewers invited
Invitations sent on 13 Oct, 2020
Reviewer #1 agreed
On 13 Oct, 2020
Submission checks complete
On 12 Oct, 2020
Editor invited
On 12 Oct, 2020
No comments provided
Editorial decision: Major revision
On 15 Sep, 2020
Review #3 received
Received 08 Sep, 2020
Review #2 received
Received 31 Aug, 2020
Reviewer #3 agreed
On 17 Aug, 2020
Reviewer #2 agreed
On 14 Aug, 2020
Review #1 received
Received 30 Jul, 2020
Reviewer #1 agreed
On 23 Jul, 2020
Reviewers invited
Invitations sent on 22 Jul, 2020
First submitted
On 02 Jul, 2020
Editor assigned
On 02 Jul, 2020
Submission checks complete
On 01 Jul, 2020
Editor invited
On 01 Jul, 2020
Metrics
Comments: 0
PDF Downloads: ...
HTML Views: ...
Subject Areas
Infectious Diseases
License:
This work is licensed under a CC BY 4.0 License. Read Full License
View the published article at BMC Infectious Diseases.
Background: Iranian children have been vaccinated with the scheduled two doses of monovalent measles vaccine (mMV) since 1984. In December 2003, a nationwide campaign of measles-rubella (MR) immunization targeted 5-25 years population was established. In 2004, the mMV was replaced with measles- mumps-rubella (MMR) vaccine. Despite the high vaccination coverage, the outbreaks of measles still occurs in the country. In this Study, the measles-rubella immunity status of various age groups, vaccinated with different schedules was investigated, and the immunologic response of seronegative subjects to revaccination was examined.
Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted among 7- 33-year-old healthy individuals with a documented history of measles vaccination from November 2017-to June 2018. The subjects were categorized as fallow: groupA: including 20-33 years-old; vaccinated with 1-2 dose of mMV, and revaccinated with MR, groupB, including 15-19-year-old individuals, vaccinated with two doses of mMV at nine and 15 months of age, and in addition to one dose MMR upon school entrance, groupC, including 11-14 year-old individuals vaccinated, with two-doses of MMR at the ages of 15 months and six years, and groupD, including 7-10 year individuals vaccinated with two-doses of MMR vaccine at the ages 12 and 18 months, respectively. Nest the consecrations of antimeasles-antirubella IgG antibodies in the collected sera were measured. Among seronegative subjects, the antimeasles-antirubella IgM and IgG were reexamined at 4-6 weeks after MMR revaccination. The collected data were analyzed using descriptive statistical methods.
Results: A total of 635 individuals, including 322 females were investigated in this study. The relative distribution of subjects in each group was as falows: groupA, 98; groupB, 295; groupC, 139; and groupD, 103 persons. Overall, 12.3% and 18.4% of the population were seronegative for measles and rubella antibodies. This rate varied greatly between the 4 groups: groupA, 2%-0/0%; groupB,15.2%- 25.0%; groupC,11.5%- 17.2%; and groupD,14.6%- 18.4%. After revaccination, 92% and 94.9% of seronegative individuals only showed IgG response to measles and rubella vaccines, respectively.
Conclusion: Despite the high coverage rate of M-R containing vaccines, a significant numbers of vaccinated subjects were seronegative for measles and rubella, possibly because of secondary vaccine failure; this may negatively affect measles-rubella elimination targets in the country. If these findings are confirmed in similar future studies, a more robust regional/national supplementary immunization activity should be considered.
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