This is a preprint, a preliminary version of a manuscript that has not completed peer review at a journal. Research Square does not conduct peer review prior to posting preprints. The posting of a preprint on this server should not be interpreted as an endorsement of its validity or suitability for dissemination as established information or for guiding clinical practice.
Research article
Radhouene DOGGUI
Universite de Sherbrooke
Corresponding Author
ORCiD: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3539-8341
License:
This work is licensed under a CC BY 4.0 License. Read Full License
Background In the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) region, universal salt iodization (USI) programs defaults were sometimes shown to increase the risk of iodine excess. Also, the nutrition transition which underlies the obesity epidemic in the MENA region is characterized by salt-rich diets, so that there could be a cumulative effect with respect to iodine status. We assess the within-subject co-existence of overweight and inadequate iodine intake, and associated factors.
Methods A national cross-sectional study used a stratified, clustered random sample and conducted among Tunisian school-age children aged from 6 to 12 y. (n = 1560). Overweight (Ow) was body mass index (BMI)-for-age ≥ + 1z. Iodine deficiency was UIC (Urinary Iodine Content) < 100 µg/L and iodine intake above requirements (IAR) UIC ≥ 200 µg/L. Association of covariables with the within-subject double burden Ow–IAR was assessed by multinomial regression.
Results The prevalences of Ow-ID or Obe-ID were marginal, but not so for excess adiposity and IAR as for example prevalence of Ow-IAR was 9.8% (95% CI:[7.7–12.3]). OW and IAR were found to co-occur independently (P = 0.29). Socio-economic patterning of Ow-IAR was mild. Nevertheless, prevalence were the lowest among children of mother with no formal schooling and in the South-East region. Beyond school-age children, we estimated that this double burden of overweight and excess iodine could concern a third of Tunisian adults (all the more for women).
Conclusions Among Tunisian children, iodine deficiency coupled with excess adiposity was quite marginal. Coexistence of overweight and excess iodine may affect a tenth of these children. More data would be needed to document a possibly even higher rate among adults. Cumulative effects of unhealthy lifestyle due to the nutrition transition interacting with metabolic pathways may be involved in this potential overweight-high iodine intake double burden. In the MENA region, obesity and salt reduction policies should continue to be monitored.
Keywords
Double burden; Iodine; Overweight/obesity; Salt consumption; Nutrition transition; Middle East and North Africa.
This is a list of supplementary files associated with this preprint. Click to download.
Loading...
Badges
Prescreen
This manuscript passed our Prescreen assessment
Complete author information
Appropriate declaration statements
Potential risks to human health
Prescreen
History
CURRENT STATUS: Posted
Version 1
Posted 14 Jul, 2020
No community comments so far
Metrics
Comments: 0
PDF Downloads: ...
HTML Views: ...
Learn more about our company.
This is a preprint. It has not completed peer review.
Research article
Radhouene DOGGUI
Universite de Sherbrooke
Corresponding Author
ORCiD: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3539-8341
Badges
Prescreen
This manuscript passed our Prescreen assessment
Complete author information
Appropriate declaration statements
Potential risks to human health
Prescreen
History
CURRENT STATUS: Posted
Version 1
Posted 14 Jul, 2020
No community comments so far
Metrics
Comments: 0
PDF Downloads: ...
HTML Views: ...
License:
This work is licensed under a CC BY 4.0 License. Read Full License
Background In the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) region, universal salt iodization (USI) programs defaults were sometimes shown to increase the risk of iodine excess. Also, the nutrition transition which underlies the obesity epidemic in the MENA region is characterized by salt-rich diets, so that there could be a cumulative effect with respect to iodine status. We assess the within-subject co-existence of overweight and inadequate iodine intake, and associated factors.
Methods A national cross-sectional study used a stratified, clustered random sample and conducted among Tunisian school-age children aged from 6 to 12 y. (n = 1560). Overweight (Ow) was body mass index (BMI)-for-age ≥ + 1z. Iodine deficiency was UIC (Urinary Iodine Content) < 100 µg/L and iodine intake above requirements (IAR) UIC ≥ 200 µg/L. Association of covariables with the within-subject double burden Ow–IAR was assessed by multinomial regression.
Results The prevalences of Ow-ID or Obe-ID were marginal, but not so for excess adiposity and IAR as for example prevalence of Ow-IAR was 9.8% (95% CI:[7.7–12.3]). OW and IAR were found to co-occur independently (P = 0.29). Socio-economic patterning of Ow-IAR was mild. Nevertheless, prevalence were the lowest among children of mother with no formal schooling and in the South-East region. Beyond school-age children, we estimated that this double burden of overweight and excess iodine could concern a third of Tunisian adults (all the more for women).
Conclusions Among Tunisian children, iodine deficiency coupled with excess adiposity was quite marginal. Coexistence of overweight and excess iodine may affect a tenth of these children. More data would be needed to document a possibly even higher rate among adults. Cumulative effects of unhealthy lifestyle due to the nutrition transition interacting with metabolic pathways may be involved in this potential overweight-high iodine intake double burden. In the MENA region, obesity and salt reduction policies should continue to be monitored.
Loading...