1. Moeen SM, Moeen AM. Intrathecal dexamethasone vs. meperidine for prevention of shivering during transurethral prostatectomy: a randomized controlled trial. Acta Anaethesiol Scand 2017 (61): 749–757.
2. Gozdemir M, Usta B, Demircioglu RI, Muslu B, Sert H, Karatas OF. Magnesium sulfate infusion prevents shivering during transurethral prostatectomy with spinal anesthesia: a randomized, double-blinded, controlled study. J Clin Anesth. 2010;22(3):184-193.
3. Faiz SH, Rahimzadeh P, Imani F, Bakhtiari A. Intrathecal injection of magnesium sulfate: shivering prevention during cesarean section: a randomized, double blinded, controlled study. Korean J Anaesth 2013;65 (4):293-298.
4. De Witte J, Sessler DI. Perioperative shivering: Physiology and pharmacology. Anesthesiology 2002;96 (2):467-484.
5. Moawad HES, Elawdy MM. Efficacy of intrathecal dexmedetomidine in prevention of shivering in patients undergoing transurethral prostatectomy: A randomized controlled trial, Egypt J Anaesth 2015; 31(2):178-181.
6. Abdel-Ghaffar HS, Mohamed SA, Fares KM, Osman MA. Safety and Efficacy of Dexmedetomidine in Treating Post Spinal Anesthesia Shivering: A Randomized Clinically Controlled Dose-Finding Trial. Pain Physician 2016; 19:243-253.
7. Kundra TS, Kuthiala G, Shrivastava A, Kaur P. A comparative study on the efficacy of dexmedetomidine and tramadol on postspinal anesthesia shivering. Saudi J Anaesth 2017;11:28.
8. Kranke P, Eberhart LH, Roewer N, Tramèr MR. Postoperative shivering in children: A review on pharmacologic prevention and treatment. Paediatr Drugs 2003; 5:373-383.
9. Panneer M, Murugaiyan P, Rao SV. A comparative study of intravenous dexmedetomidine and intravenous clonidine for postspinal shivering in patients undergoing lower limb orthopedic surgeries. Anesth Essays Res 2017;11:151-155.
10. Megalla SA, Mansour HS. Dexmedetomidine versus Nalbuphine for treatment of postspinal shivering in patients undergoing vaginal hysterectomy: A randomized, double blind, controlled study. Egypt J Anaesth 2017; 3: 47–52
11. Mittal G, Gupta K, Katyal S, Kausal S. Randomized double blind comparative study of Dexmedetomidine and tramadol for post spinal anesthesia shivering. Indian J anesth 2014;58 (3):257-262.
12. Usta B, Gozdemir M, Demircioglu RI, Muslu B, Sert H, Yaldiz A. Dexmedetomidine for prevention of shivering during spinal anesthesia. Clinics 2011;66 (7): 1187-1196.
13. Bozgeyik S, Mizrak A, Kiliç E, Yendi F,Ugur BK. The Effects of Preemptive Tramadol and Dexmedetomidineon Shivering During Arthroscopy. Saudi J Anaesth 2014;8:238-43.
14. Arora N. Prophylactic Tramadol versus Dexmedetomidine for Prevention of Shivering during Spinal Anaesthesia. Int J Sci Stud 2014;2(7):17-20.
15. Ellakany M, Abdelhamid SA, Girgis M. Intrathecal Dexmedetomidine or Meperidine for post spinal shivering. International journal of anesthetics and anesthesiology 2014;1(2):1:004.
16. Wadhwa A, Senguta P, Durrani J, Akca O, Lenhardl R, Sessler DI, Doufas AG. magnesium sulfate only slightly reduces the shivering threshold in humans. Br J anesth 2005; 94(6):756-762.
17. Nath MP, Garg R, Talukdar T, Choudhary D, Chkrabarty A. To evaluate the efficacy of intrathecal Magnesium sulfate for hysterectomy under subarachnoid block with bupivacaine and fentanyl: A prospective randomized double blind clinical trial. Saudi J Anaesth 2012; 6(3): 254-258.
18. Elsonbaty M, Elsonbaty A, Saad D. Is this the time for Magnesium sulfate to replace Meperidine as an antishivering agent in spinal anesthesia?. Egypt J Anaesth 2013;29, 213–217
19. Ibrahim IT, Megalla SA, Khalifa OS, Salah El Deen HM. Prophylactic vs therapeutic magnesium sulfate for shivering during spinal anesthesia. Egypt J Anaesth 2014; 30:31-37.
20. Sachidananda R, Basavaraj K, Shaikh SI, Umesh G, Bhat T, Arpitha B. Comparison of prophylactic intravenous magnesium sulfate with tramadol for postspinal shivering in elective cesarean section: A placebo controlled randomized double-blind pilot study. Anesth Essays Res 2018;12:130-134.
21. Crossley AW, Mahajan RP. The intensity of postoperative shivering is unrelated to axillary temperature. Anesthesia 1994;49:205-212.
22. Ramsay MA, Savege TM, Simpson BR, Goodwin R. Controlled sedation with alphaxolone-alphadalone. Br Med J 1974; 2: 656-665.
23. Bajwa SJ, Gupta S, Kaur J, Singh A, Parmar S. Reduction in the incidence of shivering with perioperative dexmedetomidine. A randomized prospective study. J Anesthesiol Clin Pharmacol 2012;28;86-91.
24. Park SM, Mangat HS, Berger K, Rosengart AJ. Efficacy spectrum of anti-shivering medications: Meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Crit Care Med 2012; 40:3070-3082.
25. Asano T, Dohi S, Ohta S, Shimonaka H, Iida H. Antinociception by epidural and systemic alpha 2 adrenoreceptor agonists and their binding affinity in rat spinal cord and brain. Anesth Analg 2000; 90: 400-407.
26. Elvan EG, Oç B, Uzun S, karabulut E. Dexmedetomidine and postoperative shivering in patients undergoing elective abdominal hysterectomy. Eur J Anaesthesiol 2008;25:357-364.
27. Nowak L, Bregestovski P, Ascher P, Herbet A, Prochiantz A. Magnesium gates glutamate-activated channels in mouse central neurones. Nature 1984;307(5950):462-467.
28. Kizihrmak S, Telci L, Akca O, et al. Magnesium sulphate in the treatment of post anesthetic shivering. Acta Anaethesiol Scand 1996; 40(109):250.
29. Abdelhamid SA, El-lakany MH (2013) Intrathecal dexmedetomidine: Useful or not? J Anesth Clin Res 4:351
30. Abdel-Ghaffar HS, Mohamed SA, Fares KM, Osman MA. Safety and Efficacy of Dexmedetomidine in Treating Post Spinal Anesthesia Shivering: A Randomized Clinically Controlled Dose-Finding Trial. Pain Physician 2016; 19:243-253.
31. Sunil BV, Sahana KS. Comparison of dexmedetomidine and magnesium sulfate as adjuvants with hyperbaric bupivacaine for spinal anesthesia. A double blind controlled study. J Med Sci Clin Res. 2013; 1(3):117-141.
32. Shukla D, Verma A, Agarwal A, Pandey HD, Tyagic C. comparative study of intrathecal dexmedetomidine with intrathecal magnesium sulfate used as adjuvant to bupivacaine. Anesthesiol. Clin. Pharmacy, 2011: 27(4); 495-499.