Design and Management System of Intelligent Pension Space Positioning Based on BIM Technology

: With the continuous development of China's economy and the gradual improvement of the medical security system, people's living standards will also be improved, and the aging population will become an inevitable trend of social development in China. The imperfect design of home space positioning of medical and elderly care community makes the traditional family elderly care impacted. BIM technology can endow the space with wisdom,co-ordination,energy saving,and development in the design of smart elderly care space positioning,and provide favorable support for the design of new technology,new ideas,and new models for the elderly care space.This article mainly studies the design and implementation of smart pension space positioning under BIM technology.This paper introduces the frontier of Internet of Things technology and the theory of sensor network topology control.It uses basic IoT technology to implement the"point,line,and surface"combination of personnel placement algorithms,sensor network communication protocols,topology checks,security models,and sensor network wireless communication units.The basic technology and communication technology of personnel deployment based on BIM technology are introduced,the development strategy of wireless nodes is studied,the installation of equipment radio personnel and communication equipment is designed,and the system management platform for the design and development of staff placement in pension institutions is provided.The website's information service management,standardized procedures,optimized services,provision of information,intelligent management and pension services.The experimental results of this paper show that the smart pension space positioning under the BIM technology solves the management loopholes in nursing homes,shortage of nursing staff,inefficiency,lack of services,and family conflicts.It improves the efficiency of the elderly by 25%and the safety index by 23%-27%.It combines many things.Network,cloud computing and other technologies will provide greater convenience for the elderly in smart community life,which will be an important future development direction of smart community pension.

you want to overcome the competition of industrial engineering bridges on a curve,then only then can it promote its in-depth use of BIM technology.The implementation of BIM technology also includes management changes,which can exchange information throughout the entire life cycle of the building to support the integration of design,construction and management.It is of great significance to engineering construction and follow-up operation management,and helps to promote the transformation of production methods in the construction industry. This paper designs an intelligent pension management system based on BIM technology,with information technology applied to pension institutions to improve the efficiency of staff management and transaction management in pension institutions;reduce labor costs and effectively alleviate the"large gap of nursing staff."The aim is to provide elderly people with a safe,comfortable,warm and multi-functional elderly care space,as a part of the development of a smart city,and to promote the healthy development of China's elderly care industry.Based on this,it is particularly important to analyze the necessity and application strategy of BIM technology in order to improve the quality of smart design in the retirement space.

Related Work
Akinade O O has fully demonstrated the need to use building information models to minimize construction waste,but most existing CDW management tools still lack BIM capabilities.Therefore,he assessed the expectations of stakeholders on how BIM can be used for CDW management.After reviewing the existing literature to assess the limitations of existing CDW management tools,he conducted qualitative focus group interviews with professionals familiar with the use of BIM to understand their expectations of using BIM for CDW management.But he did not make a more in-depth study,so that the conclusions reached are not very accurate [1].In his research on smart community pension services,Hao C found that due to lack of information and the acceptance of smart products by the elderly,the problems encountered in the promotion of smart pensions cannot be solved in the short term.He put forward research ideas based on the cognitive characteristics and demand prediction of specific populations.It focuses on the elderly care needs of the population born in the 1960s or 1970s,and provides support for the solution of intelligent elderly care services during peak periods.However,because the study population is only 10 years old,the study results are not very accurate [2].Hoque J demonstrated a concept in which the antibacterial and cytotoxic activity of cationic small molecules is regulated by the spatial positioning of the hydrophobic part while keeping the positive charge constant.Compared with the more hydrophobic molecules from the positive centers(MIC=1-4μg/mL and HC50=60-65μg/mL),the more hydrophobic molecules between the two centers show similar antibacterial activity,But the toxicity to human red blood cells is greatly reduced(MIC=1-4μg/mL,HC50=805-1242μg/mL).However,the toxicity he calculated is only a rough estimate,not an accurate figure [3].

Main Content
This paper mainly studies the realization of the smart pension space positioning system under BIM technology and the application of BIM in smart space pension management.The main work contents are as follows: (1)Tells about the design and implementation of a smart pension space positioning system based on BIM technology,and makes a series of analysis of the safety of the elderly to ensure that they can be located and monitored at any time and any place.
(2)Enter the relevant theories of BIM and smart space pensions;analyze the current situation and evolution of China's population aging,and solve the pension problem brought about by population aging.The PEST method is used to analyze and compare the advantages and disadvantages of the current three pension insurance methods in China,and verify the necessity of the intelligentized pension system in our country.
(3)On the basis of summarizing Maslow's hierarchy theory,social tolerance theory and analysis of the normal and psychological characteristics of the elderly,establish an evaluation system of factors that affect the quality of the elderly in smart elderly care communities.Instead,the structural entropy weight method is used to determine the influence weight of each factor.
(4)According to the factors affecting the smart community,divide the smart community management unit,establish a general smart community management platform based on BIM,and implement BIM in the smart community,combining the BIM model with the software;Pathfinder evacuated in the community The activity center performs safety evacuation simulation for the elderly,and optimizes its layout.According to the simulation results,room operation,flow control and use of the activity center space are performed.

Method/Experiment
The BIM technology studied in this paper is based on a three-dimensional digital technology, an engineering data model that integrates various relevant information of construction projects, and is a digital expression of the physical and functional characteristics of engineering facilities.Taking BIM technology as the research background and taking the elderly as the research object, the spatial design and spatial positioning of the residential houses are carried out.
This article adopts wireless radio frequency positioning technology for the design of the positioning system, which is a positioning technology consisting of three parts: a radio frequency tag, a radio frequency reader, and a software system, which transmits information through radio frequency signals.
This article adopts wireless radio frequency positioning technology for the design of the positioning system, which is a positioning technology consisting of three parts: a radio frequency tag, a radio frequency reader, and a software system, which transmits information through radio frequency signals. And the function of the positioning system is judged by the evacuation of the elderly in the retirement space, and the effect of the space design is judged by the length of the evacuation time.
This article is designed for the seniors' residence on the second floor, the first floor is the hall, dedicated to eating, the second floor is the gymnasium, used for sports and fitness, and the activity room is used for recreational activities . The materials include dining table, table tennis table, badminton court. And use intelligent entropy space positioning structure entropy weight method to calculate "cognitive blindness", the formula is as follows:

3D Visual Management Based on BIM Smart Community Spatial Positioning
(1) 3D visual management of smart community Compared with the previous three-dimensional visualization of BIM Technology, the information of each component is more intuitive expressed by lines. Moreover, the three-dimensional model of BIM is generated automatically by the information contained in the components, and the components are interactive and feedback. BIM Technology can make the community building information accurate to the component level, and can show the whole community environment with three-dimensional model, which makes the data more accurately express the reality. This is BIM software compared with two-dimensional drawings, CAD The software has its unique advantages, which is very helpful for us to locate the danger source and the people in need of rescue in case of emergency.
(2) Information diversification BIM model contains the detailed information of the building. When the component is created, all the physical information, chemical information and purchase information of the component will be generated at the same time, and the material schedule can be extracted at any time, including the schedule of structural columns, walls, beams, plates, etc., including the specific properties of material strength and consumption. BIM software can also simulate the construction progress, import the established BIM model and the Projcet construction organization plan into the Autodesk NavisWorks software timeliner to simulate the construction organization, simulate the construction process in advance, and find the work conflict and idle time in the construction organization plan, which is helpful to save the construction period and reduce the construction cost.

Special Needs of the Elderly for the Community Environment
(1) Physiological characteristics of the elderly 1) Physical motor function Although the physical function of the elderly aged 65-75 gradually declines, they can basically take care of themselves. Once they are 75 years old, there will be certain obstacles in their activities, and they need to use crutches, wheelchairs and other tools. After 85 years old, the elderly's physical function will accelerate decline, and they need continuous care.

2) Perception and nervous system
The vision of the elderly is decreased, the ability of color recognition is gradually reduced, the visual field is narrowed, and cataract is easy to occur; in terms of hearing, the elderly can reach 65 After the age of, the hearing is relatively weak, sometimes it needs to borrow hearing aids, and it is easy to be interfered by noisy sounds; it is relatively slow to distinguish things with touch, taste and smell, mainly manifested in: the elderly are not sensitive to the peculiar smell in the air, slow to perceive the temperature and humidity. The decline of the nervous system in the elderly makes the elderly have poor memory, slow response and poor ability to accept new things. This makes it easy for the elderly to get lost, walk away or have accidents.
(2) Psychological characteristics of the elderly

1) Psychological changes brought about by changes in family roles
Once the old man retires, he will feel empty and lonely when he changes from the dominant position of the head of the family to the role that needs to be supported by his children. With the increase of his age, his spouse or relatives will gradually die, which makes the old man feel more lonely and fear of death. With the increase of his age, he will gradually have no economic source, and it is difficult to accept the role of supporting his children We will be sensitive to money.

2) Psychological changes brought about by changes in social roles
After retirement, many old people gradually become leisurely from a busy and regular life, which makes a lot of free time for the old people unable to have fun. The old people are easy to feel lonely, lost and abandoned, which is extremely harmful to the physical and mental health of the old people.
Many scholars believe that the real aging of the old people starts from the separation of social responsibility. In terms of interpersonal relationship, the old people leave their work team and environment, which makes the old people need to establish new interpersonal relationship in order not to be divorced from the society.

3) Psychological changes brought about by physiological changes
The elderly's physical function is gradually declining, and there are certain obstacles in their activities. They need to use crutches, wheelchairs and other tools to reduce their eyesight, which makes their range of activities smaller. In addition, their perception ability is weaker, and their hearing loss makes them reluctant to communicate with others, and they become blocked with information, emotional instability and depression, which makes them gradually isolated from society, and their physiological functions The changes brought to the mind in turn aggravate the aging of the elderly.
With the growth of age, the memory and reaction ability of the elderly gradually decline. In order to avoid loss and accidents, it will also lead to the elderly are not willing to go out and walk, the elderly lack of exercise, and the physical function will gradually decline.

Structure
The structural entropy weight method should go through three steps: expert scoring, blindness analysis and normalization.
(1) Expert scoring Select a certain number of experts and apply the expert scoring method to sort the factors in a typical way.
(2) Blindness analysis After the standard classification of factors, some experts may be classified. Therefore, the deviation of expert ratings should be further elaborated. The entropy weight method should be used.
There are k experts for scoring,including n influencing factors,and the typical ranking matrix obtained is kn x is the evaluation of the factor j by the expert i， ij x takes any natural number from 1 to n，that is The membership function that transforms the typical ranking is:

The Quality Evaluation of Smart Pension Space is Based on TOPSIS Method
TOPSIS [11]is a multi-attribute decision-making method.The principle of the method is:first analyze the weight of each influencing factor,collect data for the influencing factor,form an initialization matrix for each plan and standardize the initial matrix,then determine an ideal point The distance between each scheme and the ideal point,the scheme with the closest ideal point is the best scheme.This article uses TOPSIS to evaluate the impact of BIM smart community pension quality,and analyzes the impact of BIM on smart community pension quality.The specific implementation steps of TOPSIS method are as follows: (1) Establish an initialization matrix Y, i y is the influence value of the evaluation j factor of the item i,i=1,2,3,...,m,j=1,2,3,...,n m projects,n influencing factors.
(2) Normalization of matrix standards Normalize the initial matrix Y according to the following formula to obtain the matrix The key to TOPSIS is to find scientific and reasonable ideal points [12],where ideal points are

Overall Framework of Community Spatial Positioning System
The existence of social space is the continuation of the living and working conditions of the modern elderly before retirement. The elderly have a strong desire and growing differentiation for social interaction. Based on the special theme of the elderly, it provides a space for the elderly to realize their social needs through life, learning, entertainment, sports and other activities. The elderly expand their social circle and establish a community They realized their value and found a sense of participation, which also adapted to the development of society. The specific process is shown in Figure 1:

Selection of Social Endowment Space Materials
Interior decoration materials refer to the decoration materials of buildings connected with the walls, floors and tops of walls, as well as the decoration furniture and furniture materials that can be seen and touched indoors. The physical and mental conditions of the elderly, the environment of the space used by the elderly activities should be constructed with more familiar, comfortable and humane interior decoration materials, and non reflective materials should be selected in the sanatorium. The reflection of light is easy to make old people's eyes dazzled, disordered, or may cause temporary blindness, and easy to fall down accidentally. In addition, most of the elderly suffer from osteoporosis, which is easy to fall into mild conflict. In addition, the balance ability and response ability of the elderly are slow, so the soil surface where the elderly use the space must be made of antiskid and impact resistant materials, such as PVC sliding floor and wood floor commonly used in hospitals.
Finally, the wall materials must be made of noise reduction and sound absorption materials to ensure the peace and comfort of aging environment.
When it comes to decorative materials, the use of color cannot be ignored. Different colors will have psychological and even physiological effects on people. The elderly are more sensitive and vulnerable than the young in psychological and physiological aspects. The internal color can even directly affect the life and psychological state of the elderly. When designing a comfortable and happy indoor environment for the elderly, the use of color is also crucial. Comfort, peace and health are the majority of the elderly Aging environment pursued. According to the principle of aging adaptability of elderly care center in indoor environment, the design of space environment of elderly care center is based on many low saturation color choices, such as milky white, beige, light gray green, etc. Furniture accessories are mainly wood color. The atmosphere of lighting is transformed into a kind of temperature. The sweet and comfortable living environment is similar to the embrace of nature.

Graphic Design Structure of Community Pension
The living environment of the elderly is very important for them. Environmental factors will affect their mood and entertainment, so independent functional rooms are set up. The comprehensive activity room and hall on the first floor are usually used for playing cards, mahjong and other entertainment.
The education room on the second floor has set up training courses in the early stage of establishment, and occasionally there are some knowledge lectures related to the elderly. The functional room configuration of the facilities can meet the needs of learning, entertainment, physical exercise and social interaction. As the location proposed in the conceptual plan is the area where the elderly live in the community, the land area is relatively tight, so the space is designed as a simple building, with an area of 1200 square meters. The design of spatial layout is to provide a convenient and comfortable environment for the elderly, while taking into account the behavioral needs of the elderly and service personnel, the specific graphic design is shown in Figure 2:

Analysis of Elderly People's Evacuation in Smart Space Positioning
After specifying individual simulation parameters,such as the number of elderly people evacuated,the shoulder width of each elderly person,horizontal movement speed,speed walking on the steps,etc.Choose the appropriate evacuation route.The simulation results are shown in Figure 4.The total evacuation time for 95 elderly people is 91.8 seconds.Among them,the number of people evacuating from safe exits showed an upward trend with time,as shown in Table 1.The number of evacuees remaining in the building [21].

Analysis of Positioning Results of Spatial Positioning System
According to the form of the above set of positioning system commands,a serial communication protocol is designed,and a CLocationEngine location engine class is designed.Communication protocols and engine categories can be easily ported to mobile targets in location detection systems such as location detection and monitoring services [22].
In the position detection experiment,the CC2430 node was used as a gateway to connect with the computer to form a coordinated entrance.Eight CC2430 nodes are reference nodes,and one CC2431 node is a blind node for detecting moving targets.During the placement test,the reference node and the blind node are approximately one off the ground.As long as the CC2431 accessory engine can only be installed on a horizontal plane,the knuckles should be kept on the same horizontal plane as much as possible.The experiment is divided into two groups.Experiment 1 was conducted on the top platform of the experiment building.The reference nodes are arranged in a 10m square,and the blind nodes are placed in different test positions.Since the installation result of the engine CC2431 has an analysis of 0.25 m and there is a reduction result,the installation result is a limited combination of coordinate X and Y data close to the actual position. Figure 5 shows the results of the placement experiment,where blue is the location of the reference node,sky is the location of the blind node,and yellow is the estimated location of the blind node.The x,y axis and error unit are m.From the appearance,the absolute position error is less than 3m,and the positioning accuracy is better than the nominal accuracy position [23]. The blue curve is the actual trajectory, the red curve is the measurement trajectory, and the yellow curve is the Kalman filter trajectory estimation [24]. Due to the influence of the environment on the building, the detection error is slightly larger than that of the open environment, but Kalman filtering can still obtain a better estimate of the trajectory, reflecting the change of the actual moving target movement position. The placement error is less than 1.5m.

Figure 5. Experiment 2 positioning test results
Experimental results show that the installation accuracy of the system in an open environment is good,and the installation error has increased the internal spatial structure,but the appropriate filtering algorithm may still have better estimation accuracy [25].When applying a positioning system,some systems pre-determine parameters such as line loss indicators through experiments.In order to adapt to changes in the environment,evaluating and adjusting real-time positioning system parameters to improve positioning accuracy requires further investigation [26].

5.conclusions
This article analyzes the current status and trends of China's aging population, and elaborates the number of problematic population in China's elderly care. Compared with the current situation of institutional care, home care and community care in China, this paper uses the PEST method to analyze and study the needs of smart communities to care for the elderly; analyze and construct related BIM theories to care for the elderly in the smart community and improve Based on the quality of life of the elderly, the normal psychological characteristics of the elderly are summarized, and the factors that affect the quality of the elderly are analyzed and manufactured. The system that affects the quality of old-age care in smart elderly communities is divided into two levels: standard level and factor level. Demonstrated the impact of BIM on improving the quality of service for the elderly in smart communities, analyzed the relative proximity of each factor system to have a corresponding impact, and found that BIM has a particularly significant impact on the living environment of the elderly.
This article discusses the social problem of "difficult pension", develops BIM-based technology, and implements an intelligent pension system. In order to provide site-based information services and effective surveys, the service model of pension institutions has important significance and wide scope.

Statement
Since this article has nothing to do with biology and medicine, data and materials are not available.
Data sharing is not applicable for this article because no data set was generated or analyzed during the current study.

Competing interests
These no potential competing interests in our paper. And all authors have seen the manuscript and approved to submit to your journal. We confirm that the content of the manuscript has not been published or submitted for publication elsewhere.

Funding
"The ministry of Education humanities and social sciences research project" project approval number 20YJCZH218" under healthy Chinese perspective integrate into the intelligent elderly housing space planning design research

Author's contributions
All authors take part in the discussion of the work described in this paper.