DOI: https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-418281/v1
Background: Early-onset neonatal sepsis (EOS) is difficult to diagnose clinically because the semiology of premature newborns is poor during the first days of life. This study aimed to identify predictive factors of EOS in neonates less than 37 weeks gestational age in neonatal care at Louis Mourier Hospital.
Method: This was a case-control study of all newborns <37 weeks of gestational age diagnosed and managed for EOS from January 1 to December 31, 2019. The main parameters studied were demographic characteristics, risk factors, biological and bacteriological characteristics. At the benchmarking level, the statistical tests used were the Mac Nemar test for qualitative variables and the paired Student's test for quantitative variables.
Results: A total of 50 mother-child pairs were included in this study (25 cases and 25 matched controls). The results showed a statistically significant relationship between the birth of a child suffering from an EOS and between a premature rupture of membranes (PRM)> 18 h (68% of cases versus 36% of controls ( p: 0.042)); a positive culture of the placenta (p: 0.0002); a CRP> 6 mg / l (88% of cases against 20% of controls (p: 0.001)); a PCT> 0.6 ng / ml (72% of cases vs. 16% of controls (p: 0.001)). Grams negative including E. coli (44.5%) and Haemophilus Influenzae (14.8%) were the most common bacteria found.
Conclusion: The search for risk factors must be systematic. The dosage of PCT must be coupled with that of CRP and the clinic must remain at the center of the diagnostic process.
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