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Research
Cao Hui
Nanjing Agricultural University College of Life Sciences
Corresponding Author
ORCiD: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3406-3803
License:
This work is licensed under a CC BY 4.0 License. Read Full License
Background
In microbial ecology, the processes underlying functional community assembly and spatiotemporal effect are often ignored. The effects of land management and reclamation of coastal marshes on microbial communities have been studied with great interest; however, most of these studies have described short-term changes in soil microbial community dynamics. Therefore, ammonia-oxidising prokaryotic communities that play an essential role in nitrogen cycling have not been studied in long-term reclamations of coastal marshes. Here, we investigated archaeal and bacterial ammonia-oxidising prokaryotic communities in coastal salt marsh soils that were reclaimed over 1000 years, evaluating the abundance, composition, taxonomic and phylogenetic diversity by using qPCR and IonS5TMXL sequencing platforms. We analysed phylogenetic diversity and assemblages of ammonia oxidisers using the Nearest Related Index , Nearest Taxon Index , beta Mean Nearest Taxon Distance and beta Nearest Taxon Index .
Results
The taxonomic & phylogenetic alpha diversity and composition of the ammonia-oxidizers showed apparent spatiotemporal variations along reclamation of soil. Phylogenetic beta diversity indices, Weighted UniFrac dissimilarity and beta Mean Nearest Taxon Distance of both communities were positively correlated with geographical distance and environmental variables. Across all sites, the archaeal ammonia-oxidising community assembled by a deterministic process (84.71%). The bacterial ammonia-oxidising community was formed more by a stochastic process in coastal marshes and at reclamation stage 60 years (|βNTI|<2), despite its relatively dominant deterministic process (55.2%). Archaeal amoA gene abundance increased significantly among reclamation stages and was positively correlated with the nitrification rate.
Conclusion
Our study revealed that during the 1000 years of reclamation coastal wetlands (1) a clear spatiotemporal evolution of the amoA gene harboured prokaryotic communities; (2) the soil properties and N cycling were significantly affected; and (3) the significant impact on ammonia oxidisers assemblages’ dynamics. These findings provide a better understanding of how long-term land management affect soil N cycling and ammonia-oxidising communities including assembly dynamics, abundance and community distribution. Further researches are needed to study the effect of soil disruption and community assembly processes on soil nitrogen cycling, such as nitrogen fixation and denitrification, in order to exploit the functional microbial population in predictable ways, improve crop yields and soil sustainability.
Keywords
Coastal Salt Marshes, Deterministic, Stochastic, βNTI, Community Assembly, Ammonia Oxidiser
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This is a preprint. It has not completed peer review.
Research
Cao Hui
Nanjing Agricultural University College of Life Sciences
Corresponding Author
ORCiD: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3406-3803
Badges
Prescreen
This manuscript passed our Prescreen assessment
Complete author information
Appropriate declaration statements
Potential risks to human health
Prescreen
History
CURRENT STATUS: Posted
Version 1
Posted 05 May, 2021
No community comments so far
Metrics
Comments: 0
PDF Downloads: ...
HTML Views: ...
Subject Areas
Applied & Industrial Microbiology
License:
This work is licensed under a CC BY 4.0 License. Read Full License
Background
In microbial ecology, the processes underlying functional community assembly and spatiotemporal effect are often ignored. The effects of land management and reclamation of coastal marshes on microbial communities have been studied with great interest; however, most of these studies have described short-term changes in soil microbial community dynamics. Therefore, ammonia-oxidising prokaryotic communities that play an essential role in nitrogen cycling have not been studied in long-term reclamations of coastal marshes. Here, we investigated archaeal and bacterial ammonia-oxidising prokaryotic communities in coastal salt marsh soils that were reclaimed over 1000 years, evaluating the abundance, composition, taxonomic and phylogenetic diversity by using qPCR and IonS5TMXL sequencing platforms. We analysed phylogenetic diversity and assemblages of ammonia oxidisers using the Nearest Related Index , Nearest Taxon Index , beta Mean Nearest Taxon Distance and beta Nearest Taxon Index .
Results
The taxonomic & phylogenetic alpha diversity and composition of the ammonia-oxidizers showed apparent spatiotemporal variations along reclamation of soil. Phylogenetic beta diversity indices, Weighted UniFrac dissimilarity and beta Mean Nearest Taxon Distance of both communities were positively correlated with geographical distance and environmental variables. Across all sites, the archaeal ammonia-oxidising community assembled by a deterministic process (84.71%). The bacterial ammonia-oxidising community was formed more by a stochastic process in coastal marshes and at reclamation stage 60 years (|βNTI|<2), despite its relatively dominant deterministic process (55.2%). Archaeal amoA gene abundance increased significantly among reclamation stages and was positively correlated with the nitrification rate.
Conclusion
Our study revealed that during the 1000 years of reclamation coastal wetlands (1) a clear spatiotemporal evolution of the amoA gene harboured prokaryotic communities; (2) the soil properties and N cycling were significantly affected; and (3) the significant impact on ammonia oxidisers assemblages’ dynamics. These findings provide a better understanding of how long-term land management affect soil N cycling and ammonia-oxidising communities including assembly dynamics, abundance and community distribution. Further researches are needed to study the effect of soil disruption and community assembly processes on soil nitrogen cycling, such as nitrogen fixation and denitrification, in order to exploit the functional microbial population in predictable ways, improve crop yields and soil sustainability.
Figure 1
Figure 2
Figure 3
Figure 4
Figure 5
Figure 6
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