Table 1 Phenotypic reactions of selected rice landraces to BPH
Sl. No.
|
Type
|
Designation
|
Overall remarks
|
AHDE (mm2)
|
Settling behaviour
|
% NSR
|
% UHE
|
N
|
AF
|
NS
|
AMS
|
AFS
|
1
|
RL1
|
Adanshilpa/FRV/8-223
|
R
|
37.3 ± 0.23†
|
69.5 ±0.46
|
9.2 ±0.08
|
4.3 ±0.05
|
6.2 ±0.04
|
41.3 (39.98)‡
|
72.2 (58.18)
|
2
|
RL186
|
Badkalamkathi/FRV/9-320
|
MS
|
135.9 ± 0.69
|
190.2 ± 1.15
|
12.3 ± 0.11
|
10.1 ±0.04
|
8.2 ± 0.07
|
72.8 (58.56)
|
38.2 (38.17)
|
3
|
RL4
|
Badshabhog/FRV/8-226
|
R
|
30.3 ± 0.12
|
72.5 ± 0.37
|
4.2 ± 0.03
|
5.4 ± 0.09
|
6.5 ± 0.05
|
25.6 (30.40)
|
78.8 (62.58)
|
4
|
RL5
|
Bahurupi/FRV/7-171
|
MR
|
63.5 ± 0.37
|
114.2 ± 0.79
|
7.3 ± 0.05
|
10.2 ± 0.14
|
10.1 ± 0.09
|
52.2 (46.26)
|
43.2 (41.09)
|
5
|
RL156
|
Banshkamini/FRV/6-146
|
MS
|
110.2 ± 0.56
|
197.5 ± 1.28
|
13.2 ± 0.08
|
10.1 ± 0.08
|
8.2 ± 0.13
|
81.1 (64.23)
|
44.3 (41.73)
|
6
|
RL13
|
Bhutmuri/FRV/14-393
|
MR
|
70.7 ± 0.16
|
138.3 ± 0.87
|
6.2 ± 0.06
|
8.5 ± 0.06
|
7.3 ± 0.05
|
36.9 (37.41)
|
49.2 (44.54)
|
7
|
RL190
|
Binni/FRV/9-324
|
R
|
39.5 ± 0.53
|
65.2 ±0.31
|
6.2 ± 0.04
|
6.5 ± 0.08
|
5.8 ± 0.07
|
46.2 (42.82)
|
68.7 (55.98)
|
8
|
RL192
|
Boubhog/FRV/9-325
|
MR
|
56.1 ± 0.71
|
176.2 ± 0.62
|
8.6 ± 0.09
|
7.2 ± 0.05
|
7.3 ± 0.06
|
34.6 (36.03)
|
47.5 (43.57)
|
9
|
RL176
|
Chikonmashuri/FRV/5-096
|
R
|
34.9 ± 0.28
|
81.2 ± 0.20
|
5.1 ± 0.03
|
4.3 ± 0.05
|
6.8 ± 0.03
|
30.1 (33.27)
|
53.5 (47.01)
|
10
|
RL199
|
Dayalmadina/FRV/6-162
|
MS
|
114.3 ± 1.06
|
176.5 ± 0.94
|
9.6 ± 0.10
|
7.6 ± 0.09
|
7.8 ± 0.08
|
58.1 (49.66)
|
39.6 (38.99)
|
11
|
RL20
|
Deradungandheshwari/FRV/11-357
|
MS
|
110.1 ± 0.82
|
234.5 ± 0.89
|
7.5 ± 0.05
|
6.5 ± 0.10
|
12.7 ± 0.15
|
52.1 (46.20)
|
42.2 (40.51)
|
12
|
RL22
|
Dudheshwar/FRV/11-358
|
MR
|
61.1 ± 0.33
|
110.6 ± 1.12
|
8.9 ± 0.13
|
9.2 ± 0.16
|
10.2 ± 0.09
|
42.2 (40.51)
|
49.4 (44.66)
|
13
|
RL118
|
Dudhkalam/FRV/8-259
|
MS
|
95.2 ± 0.40
|
205.2 ± 1.26
|
14.1 ± 0.11
|
10.1 ± 0.09
|
11.2 ± 0.07
|
56.6 (48.79)
|
32.3 (34.63)
|
14
|
RL166
|
Dumurshal/FRV/6-152
|
MR
|
60.3 ± 0.25
|
120.8 ± 0.74
|
10.1 ± 0.08
|
8.1 ± 0.04
|
9.5 ± 0.12
|
54.9 (47.81)
|
50.2 (45.12)
|
15
|
RL23
|
Gamra/FRV/9-291
|
R
|
43.8 ± 0.18
|
72.5 ± 0.44
|
4.6 ± 0.04
|
4.6 ± 0.03
|
5.6 ± 0.04
|
41.2 (39.93)
|
71.5 (57.73)
|
16
|
RL27
|
Haldichuri/FRV/4-016
|
R
|
33.3 ± 0.25
|
49.4 ± 0.32
|
6.4 ± 0.09
|
5.7 ± 0.05
|
6.8 ± 0.05
|
29.2 (32.71)
|
83.4 (65.96)
|
17
|
RL204
|
Hanumanjata/FRV/6-165
|
R
|
40.1 ± 0.19
|
65.8 ± 0.27
|
5.6 ± 0.04
|
3.6 ± 0.04
|
4.9 ± 0.02
|
32.8 (34.94)
|
76.2 (60.80)
|
18
|
RL33
|
Jalkamini/FRV/6-112
|
MS
|
122.2 ± 0.46
|
197.6 ± 0.62
|
9.6 ± 0.12
|
9.3 ± 0.16
|
10.1 ± 0.06
|
69.8 (56.66)
|
38.2 (38.17)
|
19
|
RL35
|
Janglijata/FRV/8-235
|
R
|
27.9 ± 0.28
|
46.2 ± 0.24
|
4.3 ± 0.06
|
3.9 ± 0.06
|
4.9 ± 0.05
|
25.6 (30.40)
|
71.3 (57.61)
|
20
|
RL58
|
Kabirajshal/FRV/4-021
|
MR
|
77.2 ± 0.41
|
112.5 ± 0.41
|
7.3 ± 0.10
|
4.3 ± 0.04
|
6.5 ± 0.03
|
34.2 (35.79)
|
58.4 (49.84)
|
21
|
RL42
|
Kalabhat/FRV/10-331
|
R
|
30.7 ± 0.36
|
59.1 ± 0.28
|
3.2 ± 0.08
|
3.0 ± 0.03
|
5.9 ± 0.03
|
29.6 (32.96)
|
81.2 (64.30)
|
22
|
RL150
|
Kalamogha/FRV/5-090
|
MR
|
49.5 ± 0.82
|
127.2 ± 0.39
|
7.6 ± 0.04
|
6.5 ± 0.06
|
8.6 ± 0.09
|
43.2 (41.09)
|
54.9 (47.81)
|
23
|
RL44
|
Kalanamak/FRV/9-295
|
MR
|
92.2 ± 0.53
|
138.9 ± 0.72
|
10.1 ± 0.17
|
7.8 ± 0.11
|
11.2 ± 0.09
|
31.2 (33.96)
|
53.5 (47.01)
|
24
|
RL125
|
Kalodhopa/FRV/10-343
|
MR
|
56.2 ± 0.27
|
122.3 ± 0.66
|
6.2 ± 0.06
|
7.1 ± 0.06
|
8.9 ± 0.14
|
40.1 (39.29)
|
51.2 (45.69)
|
25
|
RL162
|
Kalojira/FRV/6-150
|
MS
|
111.7 ± 1.14
|
208.2 ± 1.52
|
7.6 ± 0.03
|
11.2 ± 0.19
|
10.2 ± 0.17
|
53.6 (47.06)
|
31.2 (33.96)
|
26
|
RL48
|
Kalonunia/FRV/5-066
|
MS
|
109.7 ± 0.76
|
238.7 ± 0.95
|
10.5 ± 0.14
|
8.1 ± 0.10
|
12.2 ± 0.07
|
42.3 (40.57)
|
42.2 (40.51)
|
27
|
RL54
|
Karalasundari/FRV/10-333
|
R
|
37.3 ± 0.23
|
69.1 ± 0.33
|
7.1 ± 0.10
|
4.1 ± 0.04
|
5.8 ± 0.05
|
35.8 (36.75)
|
72.3 (58.24)
|
28
|
RL56
|
Khara/FRV/4-019
|
R
|
38.1 ± 0.71
|
52.2 ± 0.48
|
3.9 ± 0.03
|
6.1 ± 0.05
|
4.8 ± 0.03
|
32.2 (34.57)
|
71.9 (57.99)
|
29
|
RL63
|
Laldudheshwar/FRV/9-298
|
R
|
40.1 ± 0.29
|
64.2 ± 0.25
|
7.3 ± 0.05
|
3.9 ± 0.04
|
6.8 ± 0.07
|
27.9 (31.88)
|
72.5 (58.37)
|
30
|
RL209
|
Lilabati/FRV/7-219
|
MS
|
119.2 ± 0.46
|
224.0 ± 1.30
|
12.5 ± 0.06
|
9.5 ± 0.14
|
11.6 ± 0.06
|
75.8 (60.53)
|
35.6 (36.63)
|
31
|
RL217
|
Maltu/FRV/7-221
|
MS
|
129.6 ± 1.27
|
196.2 ± 0.67
|
12.1 ± 0.15
|
10.1 ± 0.08
|
9.1 ± 0.08
|
76.6 (61.07)
|
37.6 (37.82)
|
32
|
RL72
|
Meghnadomru/FRV/4-027
|
MR
|
50.1 ±0.32
|
112.3 ± 0.56
|
9.3 ± 0.05
|
4.2 ±0.03
|
5.1 ± 0.03
|
29.1 (32.64)
|
58.2 (49.72)
|
33
|
RL130
|
Mihidana/FRV/7-206
|
MR
|
49.0 ± 0.68
|
154.8 ± 1.17
|
7.0 ± 0.09
|
5.6 ± 0.07
|
7.3 ± 0.07
|
42.8 (40.86)
|
49.0 (44.43)
|
34
|
RL81
|
Narayankamini/FRV/10-338
|
MR
|
61.9 ± 0.18
|
161.3 ± 0.52
|
9.2 ± 0.17
|
5.6 ± 0.06
|
8.9 ± 0.04
|
57.2 (49.14)
|
47.2 (43.39)
|
35
|
RL88
|
Radhunipagal/FRV/6-132
|
MR
|
59.1 ± 0.53
|
144.6 ± 0.82
|
9.3 ± 0.05
|
8.1 ± 0.10
|
10.3 ± 0.08
|
51.5 (45.86)
|
51.3 (45.74)
|
36
|
RL136
|
Raghushal/FRV/3-005
|
R
|
38.2 ± 1.10
|
67.2 ± 0.59
|
4.3 ± 0.03
|
4.1 ± 0.05
|
6.2 ± 0.04
|
27.1 (31.37)
|
58.6 (49.95)
|
37
|
RL90
|
Ramlichonch/FRV/5-070
|
MR
|
62.9 ± 0.35
|
150.2 ± 1.41
|
7.3 ± 0.17
|
6.8 ± 0.08
|
8.2 ± 0.10
|
29.1 (32.65)
|
58.5 (49.89)
|
38
|
RL109
|
Tulaipanji/FRV/6-138
|
MS
|
114.5 ± 0.29
|
210.9 ± 0.39
|
10.1 ± 0.09
|
9.3 ± 0.17
|
7.5 ± 0.07
|
51.2 (45.69)
|
35.4 (36.51)
|
39
|
RL142
|
Tulsibhog/FRV/6-144
|
MS
|
127.9 ± 1.24
|
218.5 ± 1.19
|
9.3 ± 0.12
|
6.5 ± 0.05
|
9.1 ± 0.16
|
72.8 (58.56)
|
30.6 (33.58)
|
40
|
RL110
|
Tulsimukul/FRV/7-200
|
MR
|
76.1 ± 0.51
|
120.9 ± 0.74
|
8.1 ± 0.07
|
8.3 ± 0.09
|
12.1 ± 0.09
|
45.8 (42.59)
|
55.6 (48.22)
|
41
|
SC(R)
|
Ptb33
|
R
|
38.2 ± 0.33
|
71.1 ± 0.85
|
3.5 ± 0.06
|
3.1 ± 0.21
|
4.1 ± 0.39
|
26.6 (31.05)
|
89.2 (70.81)
|
42
|
SC(S)
|
Swarna
|
HS
|
212.6 ± 1.20
|
389.2 ± 1.39
|
16.0 ± 0.17
|
15.4 ± 0.78
|
14.9 ± 1.36
|
96.1 (78.61)
|
24.8 (29.87)
|
CD (p=0.05)
|
-
|
3.82
|
2.94
|
1.26
|
0.82
|
1.69
|
1.47
|
2.08
|
RL: Rice landrace; SC(R): Standard check (Resistant); SC(S): Standard check (Susceptible).
R: Resistant; MR: Moderately resistant; MS: Moderately susceptible; HS: Highly susceptible
AHDE: Area of honeydew excreted; N: second instar nymphs; AF: Adult females; NS: No. of nymphs settled per plant; AMS: No. of adult males settled per 3 plants; AFS: No. of adult females settled per 3 plants; NSR: Nymphal survival; UHE: Un-hatched eggs;
†Data in parenthesis are shown as Mean ± SE.
‡The figures in parenthesis are transformed arcsine values.
Table 2 Pairwise correlation coefficient comparison of the tested biochemical components
|
Nitrogen
|
Total phenol
|
Phosphorus
|
Potassium
|
Reducing sugar
|
Ascorbic acid
|
Oxalic acid
|
Crude silica
|
Free amino acid
|
Nitrogen
|
1
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total phenol
|
0.11ns
|
1
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Phosphorus
|
-0.34ns
|
0.12ns
|
1
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Potassium
|
-0.06*
|
-0.01**
|
0.02ns
|
1
|
|
|
|
|
|
Reducing sugar
|
0.74ns
|
0.09*
|
-0.34ns
|
-0.06**
|
1
|
|
|
|
|
Ascorbic acid
|
-0.34ns
|
0.04ns
|
0.18ns
|
-0.01ns
|
-0.40ns
|
1
|
|
|
|
Oxalic acid
|
-0.61ns
|
-0.10*
|
0.29ns
|
0.23*
|
-0.78*
|
0.45ns
|
1
|
|
|
Crude silica
|
-0.61ns
|
-0.32*
|
0.28ns
|
-0.11*
|
-0.73**
|
0.35**
|
0.69*
|
1
|
|
Free amino acid
|
0.72*
|
0.42ns
|
-0.34ns
|
-0.04**
|
0.79*
|
-0.41*
|
-0.67**
|
-0.76**
|
1
|
**Significant at p<0.01 level of significance; *Significant at p<0.05 level of significance; ns: Non-significant
Table 3 Correlation between tested biochemical componentsandphenotypic reactions to BPH
Parameters
|
Nitrogen
|
Total phenol
|
Phosphorus
|
Potassium
|
Reducing sugar
|
Ascorbic acid
|
Oxalic acid
|
Crude silica
|
Free amino acid
|
Excretion of honeydew
|
0.59**
|
-0.54*
|
-0.46 ns
|
-0.72 ns
|
0.66*
|
-0.52 ns
|
-0.37**
|
-0.67*
|
0.61*
|
Nymphal settling
|
0.54 ns
|
-0.76*
|
0.92 ns
|
-0.56**
|
0.75*
|
-0.68 ns
|
-0.72**
|
-0.59*
|
0.47*
|
Adult male settling
|
0.95 ns
|
0.58*
|
-0.57 ns
|
-0.37 ns
|
0.69 ns
|
-0.51*
|
-0.77*
|
-0.87 ns
|
0.66*
|
Adult female settling
|
0.62 ns
|
-0.64**
|
0.85 ns
|
-0.48*
|
0.61**
|
-0.44 ns
|
-0.54*
|
-0.68**
|
0.48**
|
Nymphal survival
|
0.81*
|
-0.68*
|
-0.67*
|
-0.52*
|
0.78*
|
-0.39 ns
|
-0.97**
|
-0.81**
|
0.72*
|
Un-hatched eggs
|
-0.48 ns
|
0.71*
|
0.44 ns
|
0.78**
|
-0.42*
|
0.47**
|
0.80 ns
|
0.73*
|
-0.55 ns
|
**Significant at p<0.01 level of significance; *Significant at p<0.05 level of significance; ns: Non-significant
Table 4 Total variance explained for each component based on different feeding attributing factors of BPH on selected un-infested rice landraces
|
Factors
|
F1
|
F2
|
F3
|
F4
|
F5
|
F6
|
F7
|
F8
|
F9
|
Eigenvalue
|
4.352
|
1.268
|
1.029
|
0.823
|
0.460
|
0.426
|
0.400
|
0.138
|
0.105
|
Variability (%)
|
48.351
|
14.084
|
11.437
|
9.147
|
5.114
|
4.728
|
4.442
|
1.535
|
1.162
|
Cumulative (%)
|
48.351
|
62.435
|
73.872
|
83.019
|
88.133
|
92.861
|
97.303
|
98.838
|
100.00
|
Table 5 Total variance explained for each component based on different feeding attributing factors of BPH on selected infested rice landraces
|
Factors
|
F1
|
F2
|
F3
|
F4
|
F5
|
F6
|
F7
|
F8
|
F9
|
Eigenvalue
|
4.400
|
1.213
|
1.043
|
0.852
|
0.585
|
0.350
|
0.272
|
0.169
|
0.115
|
Variability (%)
|
48.891
|
13.473
|
11.593
|
9.467
|
6.502
|
3.893
|
3.022
|
1.879
|
1.280
|
Cumulative (%)
|
48.891
|
62.364
|
73.957
|
83.424
|
89.926
|
93.819
|
96.840
|
98.720
|
100.000
|
Table 6 Principal factor matrix after varimax rotation (Kaiser Normalization) for different feeding attributing factors of BPH on un-infested rice landraces
Parameters
|
Unit
|
Factors
|
F1
|
F2
|
F3
|
F4
|
F5
|
F6
|
F7
|
F8
|
F9
|
N
|
%
|
0.702
|
0.025
|
0.000
|
0.011
|
0.017
|
0.021
|
0.191
|
0.033
|
0.000
|
TP
|
mg g-1 tissue
|
0.521
|
0.063
|
0.003
|
0.250
|
0.008
|
0.123
|
0.011
|
0.010
|
0.013
|
P
|
%
|
0.175
|
0.131
|
0.274
|
0.367
|
0.000
|
0.013
|
0.038
|
0.002
|
0.000
|
K
|
%
|
0.045
|
0.583
|
0.259
|
0.004
|
0.082
|
0.017
|
0.006
|
0.002
|
0.003
|
RS
|
mg g-1 of glucose equivalent
|
0.817
|
0.004
|
0.005
|
0.009
|
0.056
|
0.036
|
0.002
|
0.039
|
0.031
|
AS
|
mg g-1 tissue
|
0.180
|
0.105
|
0.484
|
0.135
|
0.029
|
0.050
|
0.014
|
0.002
|
0.002
|
OA
|
mg g-1 tissue
|
0.493
|
0.300
|
0.004
|
0.000
|
0.152
|
0.007
|
0.013
|
0.015
|
0.016
|
CS
|
%
|
0.604
|
0.012
|
0.000
|
0.047
|
0.113
|
0.114
|
0.108
|
0.000
|
0.001
|
TFA
|
µg g-1 glutamic acid equivalent
|
0.815
|
0.045
|
0.001
|
0.002
|
0.003
|
0.045
|
0.017
|
0.035
|
0.039
|
N: Nitrogen; TP: Total phenol; P: Phosphorus; K: Potassium; RS: Reducing sugar; AS: Ascorbic acid; OA: Oxalic acid; CS: Crude silica; TFA: Total free amino acid
Values in bold correspond for each variable to the factor for which the squared cosine is the largest
Table 7 Principal factor matrix after varimax rotation (Kaiser Normalization) for different feeding attributing factors of BPH on infested rice landraces
Parameters
|
Unit
|
Factors
|
F1
|
F2
|
F3
|
F4
|
F5
|
F6
|
F7
|
F8
|
F9
|
N
|
%
|
0.695
|
0.019
|
0.001
|
0.003
|
0.073
|
0.169
|
0.014
|
0.023
|
0.003
|
TP
|
mg g-1 tissue
|
0.065
|
0.698
|
0.112
|
0.021
|
0.083
|
0.004
|
0.003
|
0.004
|
0.010
|
P
|
%
|
0.173
|
0.252
|
0.000
|
0.443
|
0.129
|
0.001
|
0.000
|
0.001
|
0.001
|
K
|
%
|
0.026
|
0.094
|
0.832
|
0.005
|
0.022
|
0.010
|
0.006
|
0.004
|
0.000
|
RS
|
mg g-1 of glucose equivalent
|
0.828
|
0.028
|
0.036
|
0.002
|
0.002
|
0.013
|
0.000
|
0.027
|
0.063
|
AS
|
mg g-1 tissue
|
0.828
|
0.005
|
0.000
|
0.001
|
0.036
|
0.002
|
0.045
|
0.054
|
0.030
|
OA
|
mg g-1 tissue
|
0.304
|
0.097
|
0.003
|
0.366
|
0.223
|
0.003
|
0.004
|
0.000
|
0.002
|
CS
|
%
|
0.756
|
0.001
|
0.057
|
0.010
|
0.003
|
0.039
|
0.072
|
0.057
|
0.005
|
TFA
|
µg g-1 glutamic acid equivalent
|
0.725
|
0.018
|
0.002
|
0.001
|
0.015
|
0.110
|
0.128
|
0.000
|
0.001
|
N: Nitrogen; TP: Total phenol; P: Phosphorus; K: Potassium; RS: Reducing sugar; AS: Ascorbic acid; OA: Oxalic acid; CS: Crude silica; TFA: Total free amino acid
Values in bold correspond for each variable to the factor for which the squared cosine is the largest