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Research article
Ichiro Sekiya
Tokyo Medical and Dental University
Corresponding Author
ORCiD: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6331-722X
License:
This work is licensed under a CC BY 4.0 License. Read Full License
Background: We developed a fully automatic three-dimensional knee MRI analysis software that can quantify meniscus extrusion and cartilage measurements, including the projected cartilage area ratio (PCAR), which represents the ratio of the subject’s actual cartilage area to their ideal cartilage area. We also collected 3D MRI knee data from 561 volunteers (aged 30–79 years) from the “Kanagawa Knee Study.” Our purposes were to verify the accuracy of the software for automatic cartilage and meniscus segmentation using knee MRI and to examine the relationship between medial meniscus extrusion measurements and cartilage measurements from Kanagawa Knee Study data.
Methods: We constructed a neural network for the software by randomly choosing 10 healthy volunteers and 103 patients with knee pain. We validated the algorithm by randomly selecting 108 of these 113 subjects for training, and determined Dice similarity coefficients from five other subjects. We constructed a neural network using all data (113 subjects) for training. Cartilage thickness, cartilage volume, and PCAR in the medial femoral, lateral femoral, medial tibial, and lateral tibial regions were quantified by using the trained software on Kanagawa Knee Study data and their relationship with subject height was investigated. We also quantified the medial meniscus coverage ratio (MMCR), defined as the ratio of the overlapping area between the medial meniscus area and the medial tibial cartilage area to the medial tibial cartilage area. Finally, we examined the relationship between MMCR and PCAR at middle central medial tibial (mcMT) subregion located in the center of nine subregions in the medial tibial cartilage.
Results: Dice similarity coefficients for cartilage and meniscus were both approximately 0.9. The femoral and tibial cartilage thickness and volume at each region correlated with height, but PCAR did not correlate with height in most settings. PCAR at the mcMT was significantly correlated with MMCR.
Conclusions: Our software showed high segmentation accuracy for the knee cartilage and meniscus. PCAR was more useful than cartilage thickness or volume since it was less affected by height. A relationship was observed between the medial tibial cartilage measurements and the medial meniscus extrusion measurement in our cross-sectional study.
Keywords
Cartilage, Meniscus, 3D MRI, U-Net, CNN
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CURRENT STATUS: Published
View the published article at BMC Musculoskeletal Disorders.
Version 3
Posted 03 Nov, 2020
No community comments so far
Editorial decision: Accept
On 02 Nov, 2020
Editor assigned
On 28 Oct, 2020
Reviewers invited
Invitations sent on 28 Oct, 2020
Submission checks complete
On 27 Oct, 2020
Editor invited
On 27 Oct, 2020
No comments provided
Editorial decision: Major revision
On 23 Oct, 2020
Review #2 received
Received 22 Oct, 2020
Reviewer #2 agreed
On 12 Oct, 2020
Reviewers invited
Invitations sent on 10 Oct, 2020
Reviewer #1 agreed
On 10 Oct, 2020
Review #1 received
Received 10 Oct, 2020
Editor assigned
On 08 Oct, 2020
Submission checks complete
On 07 Oct, 2020
Editor invited
On 07 Oct, 2020
No comments provided
Editorial decision: Major revision
On 14 Sep, 2020
Review #1 received
Received 13 Sep, 2020
Review #2 received
Received 04 Sep, 2020
Reviewer #2 agreed
On 10 Aug, 2020
Reviewer #1 agreed
On 09 Aug, 2020
Reviewers invited
Invitations sent on 25 Jul, 2020
Editor assigned
On 06 Jul, 2020
Submission checks complete
On 05 Jul, 2020
Editor invited
On 05 Jul, 2020
First submitted
On 02 Jul, 2020
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PDF Downloads: ...
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Subject Areas
Orthopedics
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A new preprint design is coming!
We have improved readability, clarity, accessibility, and opportunities for engagement.
See the published version of this preprint at BMC Musculoskeletal Disorders.
This is a preprint, a preliminary version of a manuscript that has not completed peer review at a journal. Research Square does not conduct peer review prior to posting preprints. The posting of a preprint on this server should not be interpreted as an endorsement of its validity or suitability for dissemination as established information or for guiding clinical practice.
Learn more about In Review
Research article
Ichiro Sekiya
Tokyo Medical and Dental University
Corresponding Author
ORCiD: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6331-722X
Badges
Prescreen
This manuscript passed our Prescreen assessment
Complete author information
Appropriate declaration statements
Potential risks to human health
Prescreen
Peer Review Timeline
CURRENT STATUS: Published
View the published article at BMC Musculoskeletal Disorders.
Version 3
Posted 03 Nov, 2020
No community comments so far
Editorial decision: Accept
On 02 Nov, 2020
Editor assigned
On 28 Oct, 2020
Reviewers invited
Invitations sent on 28 Oct, 2020
Submission checks complete
On 27 Oct, 2020
Editor invited
On 27 Oct, 2020
No comments provided
Editorial decision: Major revision
On 23 Oct, 2020
Review #2 received
Received 22 Oct, 2020
Reviewer #2 agreed
On 12 Oct, 2020
Reviewers invited
Invitations sent on 10 Oct, 2020
Reviewer #1 agreed
On 10 Oct, 2020
Review #1 received
Received 10 Oct, 2020
Editor assigned
On 08 Oct, 2020
Submission checks complete
On 07 Oct, 2020
Editor invited
On 07 Oct, 2020
No comments provided
Editorial decision: Major revision
On 14 Sep, 2020
Review #1 received
Received 13 Sep, 2020
Review #2 received
Received 04 Sep, 2020
Reviewer #2 agreed
On 10 Aug, 2020
Reviewer #1 agreed
On 09 Aug, 2020
Reviewers invited
Invitations sent on 25 Jul, 2020
Editor assigned
On 06 Jul, 2020
Submission checks complete
On 05 Jul, 2020
Editor invited
On 05 Jul, 2020
First submitted
On 02 Jul, 2020
Metrics
Comments: 0
PDF Downloads: ...
HTML Views: ...
Subject Areas
Orthopedics
License:
This work is licensed under a CC BY 4.0 License. Read Full License
View the published article at BMC Musculoskeletal Disorders.
Background: We developed a fully automatic three-dimensional knee MRI analysis software that can quantify meniscus extrusion and cartilage measurements, including the projected cartilage area ratio (PCAR), which represents the ratio of the subject’s actual cartilage area to their ideal cartilage area. We also collected 3D MRI knee data from 561 volunteers (aged 30–79 years) from the “Kanagawa Knee Study.” Our purposes were to verify the accuracy of the software for automatic cartilage and meniscus segmentation using knee MRI and to examine the relationship between medial meniscus extrusion measurements and cartilage measurements from Kanagawa Knee Study data.
Methods: We constructed a neural network for the software by randomly choosing 10 healthy volunteers and 103 patients with knee pain. We validated the algorithm by randomly selecting 108 of these 113 subjects for training, and determined Dice similarity coefficients from five other subjects. We constructed a neural network using all data (113 subjects) for training. Cartilage thickness, cartilage volume, and PCAR in the medial femoral, lateral femoral, medial tibial, and lateral tibial regions were quantified by using the trained software on Kanagawa Knee Study data and their relationship with subject height was investigated. We also quantified the medial meniscus coverage ratio (MMCR), defined as the ratio of the overlapping area between the medial meniscus area and the medial tibial cartilage area to the medial tibial cartilage area. Finally, we examined the relationship between MMCR and PCAR at middle central medial tibial (mcMT) subregion located in the center of nine subregions in the medial tibial cartilage.
Results: Dice similarity coefficients for cartilage and meniscus were both approximately 0.9. The femoral and tibial cartilage thickness and volume at each region correlated with height, but PCAR did not correlate with height in most settings. PCAR at the mcMT was significantly correlated with MMCR.
Conclusions: Our software showed high segmentation accuracy for the knee cartilage and meniscus. PCAR was more useful than cartilage thickness or volume since it was less affected by height. A relationship was observed between the medial tibial cartilage measurements and the medial meniscus extrusion measurement in our cross-sectional study.
Figure 1
Figure 2
Figure 3
Figure 4
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