Madagascar, renowned for its rich biodiversity and abundant natural resources, faces a perplexing paradox: the very assets that hold promise for economic advancement often present formidable barriers to development. This study delves into the intricate dynamics of the ''raw material curse'' in Madagascar, where the exploitation of natural resources fails to translate into sustained economic growth and prosperity. Through an in-depth analysis of economic data and empirical evidence, we uncover the complex interplay between natural resource abundance, economic dependency, and development outcomes. Our findings underscore the urgent need for targeted policy interventions to mitigate the adverse effects of resource dependence and foster inclusive development. By shedding light on the challenges posed by the raw material curse, this research aims to inform policymakers, stakeholders, and the international community about the imperative of sustainable and equitable resource management in Madagascar's quest for socio-economic advancement.