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Factors associated with the perceived barriers of health care access among reproductive-age women in Ethiopia: a secondary data analysis of 2016 Ethiopian Demographic and Health Survey
Koku Sisay Tamirat
University of Gondar
Corresponding Author
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This work is licensed under a CC BY 4.0 License. Read Full License
View the published version at BMC Health Services Research.
Background: Health care access is the timely use of personal health services to achieve the best health outcomes. Problems in accessing health care among reproductive-age may lead to various adverse health outcomes like death and disabilities. Therefore, this study aimed to identify factors associated with the perceived barriers of health care access among reproductive-age women in Ethiopia.
Method: This study was based on secondary data sources from the 2016 Ethiopia Demography and Health Survey. From the largest dataset, individual women record (IR) file was used to extract about 15, 683 women for the final analysis. A composite variable of health care access was created from four questions used to rate health care access problems among women of reproductive age. The Generalized Estimating Equation (GEE) model fitted to identify factors associated with perceived barriers of health care access. Crude and adjusted odds ratio (AOR) with a 95% confidence interval (CI) computed to assess the strength of association between independent and outcome variables.
Result: This study revealed that the magnitude of perceived barriers of health care access among reproductive-age women found to be 69.9% with 95%CI (69.3 to 70.7) to at least one or more of the four reasons. Rural resident (AOR= 2.13, 95%CI: 1.79 to 2.53), age 35-49 years (AOR= 1.24, 95%CI: 1.09 to 1.40), divorced/separated (AOR= 1.34, 95%CI: 1.17 to 1.54), had no health insurance coverage (AOR=1.19, 95%CI: 1.01 to 1.45), poorer (AOR=2.09,95%CI: 1.86 to 2.35) and middle wealth (AOR=1.57,95%CI:1.38 to 1.79), no education (AOR=2.30, 95%CI:1.95 to 2.72), primary education (AOR= 1.84, 95%CI :1.58 to 2.15) and secondary education (AOR= 1.31, 95%CI: 1.13 to 1.51) were factors associated with the perceived barriers of health care access.
Conclusion: A significant proportion of women of reproductive age faced barriers to health care access, of which money and distance were the most frequently perceived barriers. Divorced/separated marital status, old age, rural dwelling, no health insurance coverage, low economic situation, and level of education were factors associated with perceived barriers. These findings suggest further strengthening and improving health care access to those women with low socio-economic status for the realization of universal health coverage.
Keywords
Perceived barriers, health care access, women, Ethiopia
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On 11 Jun, 2020
Review #2 received
Received 02 Jun, 2020
Reviewer #2 agreed
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Received 02 Apr, 2020
Editor assigned
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On 31 Mar, 2020
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On 30 Mar, 2020
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On 30 Mar, 2020
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Editorial decision: Major revision
On 03 Mar, 2020
Review #2 received
Received 21 Feb, 2020
Reviewer #2 agreed
On 11 Feb, 2020
Review #1 received
Received 25 Nov, 2019
Reviewer #1 agreed
On 04 Nov, 2019
Reviewers invited
Invitations sent on 19 Sep, 2019
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On 03 Sep, 2019
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On 03 Sep, 2019
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This preprint is under consideration at BMC Health Services Research. A preprint is a preliminary version of a manuscript that has not completed peer review at a journal. Research Square does not conduct peer review prior to posting preprints. The posting of a preprint on this server should not be interpreted as an endorsement of its validity or suitability for dissemination as established information or for guiding clinical practice.
Learn more about In Review
Research article
Factors associated with the perceived barriers of health care access among reproductive-age women in Ethiopia: a secondary data analysis of 2016 Ethiopian Demographic and Health Survey
Koku Sisay Tamirat
University of Gondar
Corresponding Author
Badges
Prescreen
This manuscript passed our Prescreen assessment
Complete author information
Appropriate declaration statements
Potential risks to human health
Prescreen
Peer Review Timeline
CURRENT STATUS: Published
Version 4
Posted 23 Jun, 2020
Published
On 25 Jul, 2020
No community comments so far
Editor assigned
On 23 Jun, 2020
Submission checks complete
On 22 Jun, 2020
Editor invited
On 22 Jun, 2020
No comments provided
Editorial decision: Minor revision
On 21 Jun, 2020
Editor assigned
On 16 Jun, 2020
Submission checks complete
On 15 Jun, 2020
Editor invited
On 15 Jun, 2020
No comments provided
Editorial decision: Minor revision
On 11 Jun, 2020
Review #2 received
Received 02 Jun, 2020
Reviewer #2 agreed
On 21 May, 2020
Review #1 received
Received 02 Apr, 2020
Editor assigned
On 31 Mar, 2020
Reviewers invited
Invitations sent on 31 Mar, 2020
Reviewer #1 agreed
On 31 Mar, 2020
Submission checks complete
On 30 Mar, 2020
Editor invited
On 30 Mar, 2020
No comments provided
Editorial decision: Major revision
On 03 Mar, 2020
Review #2 received
Received 21 Feb, 2020
Reviewer #2 agreed
On 11 Feb, 2020
Review #1 received
Received 25 Nov, 2019
Reviewer #1 agreed
On 04 Nov, 2019
Reviewers invited
Invitations sent on 19 Sep, 2019
Submission checks complete
On 03 Sep, 2019
Editor assigned
On 03 Sep, 2019
Editor invited
On 02 Sep, 2019
First submitted
On 21 Aug, 2019
Metrics
Comments: 0
PDF Downloads: ...
HTML Views: ...
Subject Areas
Health Policy
License:
This work is licensed under a CC BY 4.0 License. Read Full License
View the published version at BMC Health Services Research.
Background: Health care access is the timely use of personal health services to achieve the best health outcomes. Problems in accessing health care among reproductive-age may lead to various adverse health outcomes like death and disabilities. Therefore, this study aimed to identify factors associated with the perceived barriers of health care access among reproductive-age women in Ethiopia.
Method: This study was based on secondary data sources from the 2016 Ethiopia Demography and Health Survey. From the largest dataset, individual women record (IR) file was used to extract about 15, 683 women for the final analysis. A composite variable of health care access was created from four questions used to rate health care access problems among women of reproductive age. The Generalized Estimating Equation (GEE) model fitted to identify factors associated with perceived barriers of health care access. Crude and adjusted odds ratio (AOR) with a 95% confidence interval (CI) computed to assess the strength of association between independent and outcome variables.
Result: This study revealed that the magnitude of perceived barriers of health care access among reproductive-age women found to be 69.9% with 95%CI (69.3 to 70.7) to at least one or more of the four reasons. Rural resident (AOR= 2.13, 95%CI: 1.79 to 2.53), age 35-49 years (AOR= 1.24, 95%CI: 1.09 to 1.40), divorced/separated (AOR= 1.34, 95%CI: 1.17 to 1.54), had no health insurance coverage (AOR=1.19, 95%CI: 1.01 to 1.45), poorer (AOR=2.09,95%CI: 1.86 to 2.35) and middle wealth (AOR=1.57,95%CI:1.38 to 1.79), no education (AOR=2.30, 95%CI:1.95 to 2.72), primary education (AOR= 1.84, 95%CI :1.58 to 2.15) and secondary education (AOR= 1.31, 95%CI: 1.13 to 1.51) were factors associated with the perceived barriers of health care access.
Conclusion: A significant proportion of women of reproductive age faced barriers to health care access, of which money and distance were the most frequently perceived barriers. Divorced/separated marital status, old age, rural dwelling, no health insurance coverage, low economic situation, and level of education were factors associated with perceived barriers. These findings suggest further strengthening and improving health care access to those women with low socio-economic status for the realization of universal health coverage.
Figure 1