Abnormal Behavior Monitoring By Using RNN For 5G Networks In Smart Cities.

I. ABSTRACT The use of mm Wave or millimeter wave bands for systems based on mobile and wireless communication’s next generation is a promising alternate that has the capability for supporting continuous rates of data over tens of Gigabits per second or Gbps. Although the advantages are clear of using a large available spectrum, there are some challenges which are related to the characteristics of propagation at higher frequency bands which are needed to be dealt. In the existing system, an adaptive transmission that can reduce the probability of outage of secrecy capacity primarily when the mean signal to noise ratio of the eavesdropper is comparatively lower than the legitimate receiver ’s mean signal to noise ratio. As more number of devices are connected to the network, security threats are also becoming a real concern. For ensuring the normal operation of smart city, monitoring of abnormal behaviors becomes essential. A smart city requires a guarantee mechanism which is reliable for guaranteeing the QoS. The network’s QoS or quality of service can be affected by various abnormalities in the network like abnormal flow, link fault and DDoS attack etc. which causes packet loss and also interruption of service. Also as more number of IoT devices are connected to the network, security threats are the main issue as more personal information becomes vulnerable. In the proposed system, Design of Resilient or Spatial Correlation is evaluated, this kind of Spatial Correlation enable the physical later to do the iterative search for N number of times until the communication is established without any blockage of objects. To reduce the disconnection of data transfer due to line of sight issues, an adaptive Resilient Correlation scheme is newly proposed here.


II. INTRODUCTION
The fifth generation multipurpose organization is 5G. After the organizations of 1G, 2G, 3G, and 4G, 5G is the new global standard. 5G can also empower one more organization which is proposed to connect together everything that includes various items, gadgets and machines. [1] 5G remote invention is envisioned that it will be conveying information speeds of multi-Gbps, will have extremely low latency, more dependability, and large capacity of network, extended availability, with a better experience to a greater number of clients. The better efficiency and superior performance enables new client meetings and connect new undertakings. [2] In cell architecture, land territory is partitioned into various cells each with its radio service. In AMPS the territory is huge and in digital services the zone is small in comparison. Ordinarily cells are of hexagonal shape. Every cell utilizes a frequency range that isn't utilized by its adjoining cells. In any case, frequencies might be reused in non-contiguous cells. [3] In the cell-less plan, a mobile terminal can decide to access at least one or more than one base station or access points by various downlinks and uplinks with consideration about the status and demands of the wireless channel, or decide not to access any base stations when the versatile terminal is inactive. Which means, a versatile terminal won't connect with any base station prior to communicate information. In this case, base stations do not have to keep a list of related mobile terminals; all things being equal, the SDN regulator chooses which at least one base station play out the transmission of information by the control link for the mobile terminal. [4] As the number of breaches continue to increase, the security of 5G has become an issue that is more important than ever. To a network a huge threat is posed by the IoT devices. The use cases of 5G, like devices related to healthcare, autonomous driving as well as smart homes makes more personal data accessible to the attackers as ever. The network of 5G should be architecture to developing to increasing security needs. End-to-end security is required the 5G that uses its architecture that is software-defined to automatically identify as well as alleviate the threats. [5] For getting the best performance out of the current technologies that are wireless like Wi-Fi, Bluetooth, Zigbee,3G, 4G etc., IoT services make trade-offs in performance. Unlike these, the design of the 5G networks will be bringing for massive Internet of Things the required performance level. A perceived fully universal connected world will be enabled by this.
An RNN or recurrent neural network is a part of artificial neural networks where associations in between the nodes structure, along a temporal sequence, a directed graph. This permits it to show temporal behavior which is dynamic. Gotten from feedforward neural networks, recurrent neural networks can utilize their memory or internal state so as to handle input sequences of variable lengths. This creates them pertinent for errands like unsegmented as well as connected recognition of handwriting or acknowledgment of speech.
A generalization of the feed-forward neural network which consists of an internal memory is the recurrent neural network. It performs the same function for each and every data input and hence is recurrent in nature whereas the current input's output is dependent on past one computation. The output after being produced is copied and directed back into the recurrent network. It considers the current input and the output that has been learned from the last input, for making a decision. [6] For finding the shortest path for establishing a connection between two nodes, Dijkstra's Shortest Path Algorithm is used. Dijkstra's shortest path algorithm is used in this proposed project for establishing the connection between the nodes and their corresponding shortest distance node. If any blockage is found, a new route is selected and Hilbert Correlation is performed. Then the new route is selected as the final route between the given two nodes. Spatial autocorrelation's measure define to what degree values at spatial locations, are similar to one another. Hence, two things are needed by us: locations and observations. A smart city is a city that utilizes innovation to offer services and take care of city issues. A smart city does things like improve transportation and availability, improve social administrations, advance manageability, and give its residents a voice. [7] Smart cities utilize a blend of the Internet of things or IoT gadgets, solutions regarding software, and user interfaces (UI), and networks of communication. In any case, they depend above all else on the IoT. The IoT is an organization of connected gadgets -like vehicles, sensors, or appliances of home -that can communicate and exchange information. Information gathered and conveyed by the IoT sensors and gadgets is put away in the cloud or on servers. [8] Smart cities are the development patterns of future urban areas, which include numerous parts of everyday life in urban communities, including e-business, intelligent systems of transportation, telemedicine, management of metropolis, security surveillance, management of logistics, community services, social networks, etc. To prepare for services mentioned above, smart cities are utilizing different networks and technologies of wireless communication, which includes ZigBee, Bluetooth, RFID wireless innovations, remote cell organizations, remote neighborhood (WLANs), and networks for radio broadcast, networks of wireless sensors and body area networks, with numerous more. The given technologies related to wireless communication alongside networks of fiber communication and networks of cable, structure the pervasive smart city's networks.
Smart City's essential objective is to establish an environment that yields a great life to its occupants while additionally creating generally speaking economic development. Along these lines, a significant benefit of smart cities is their capacity to encourage an expanded delivery of services to its residents with less framework and cost. [9] Albeit a carrier for transmissions of service for smart cities has already been found, the smart city additionally needs a guarantee mechanism which is reliable to guarantee the QoS. The QoS in network is influenced by some abnormalities in a network. Abnormality recognition, additionally called outlier detection, is the identification of unexpected events, observations, or things that vary essentially from the standard. [10] III. LITERATURE SURVEY Tao Han ET. Al. [4] proposed networks of 5G converged cell-less communication for smart cities bearing in mind the distribution of ultra-dense 5G wireless networks. SDN controllers are configured for the management of traffic scheduling and resource allocation. The results of simulation shows that the probability of coverage is improved in the converged cell-less communication network. Also the saving of energy at both the mobile terminals and BSs are enhanced.

Chao Li ET. Al. [10] presents a technology for monitoring of abnormal behaviors using Spearman
Correlation Coefficient and based on recurrent neural network in 5G Network. A smart city requires a guarantee mechanism which is reliable for guaranteeing the QoS and thus ensuring a smart city's stable operation. The simulation shows parts of network where the true value differs from the predicted value and those are the parts where some abnormality is present.
Jose Santos ET. Al. [11] presents a solution for anomaly detection for the applications of Smart City is offered, that focuses on the low-power solutions of Fog Computing and estimated in the range of Antwerp's testbed of City of Things. The result obtained shows that Birch clustering as well as RC outlier detection of anomaly mechanisms, both can be done by fog resources near the IoT sensors and, through this, timely alerts will be sent when something unusual is detected.
Christophe Croux ET. Al. [12] presents the studies on the robustness of non-parametric estimators of correlation such as the Kendall as well as the Spearman correlation by means of their gross error sensitivities and influence functions. The estimator of the Pearson correlation, at normal distribution, has the highest efficiency, but on the other hand the statistical efficiency of Kendall as well as Spearman estimators of correlation is always more than 70 percent.

IV. ABNORMALITY DETECTION DUE TO LINE OF SIGHT BLOCKAGE
In the proposed system, Design of Resilient or Spatial Correlation is evaluated and this kind of spatial Correlation enable the physical receiver to do the iterative search for N number of times until the communication is established without any blockage of objects. To reduce the disconnection of data transfer due to line of sight issues, an adaptive Resilient Correlation scheme is newly proposed here.
Dijkstra's shortest path search algorithm has been used here to find the shortest distance nodes. In case any blockage is present in the route between two nodes, a new route will be selected. Hilbert Correlation will be performed on the new route and then this new route will be made as the final route.
The Simulations are done in three modules:

 Module 1: Design of wireless sensor networks
This module contains the creation of nodes randomly in the free space, allocating the energy and distance cost for the nodes. Finding the cluster head on different environment will be the next task. Once the nodes are aligned and created, the next job is to establish the connection in the network, the established nodes connect with the shortest distance nodes after the cluster and tries to find out the Blockage in the path.

V. RESULTS AND ANALYSIS
The simulations are done in the MATLAB R2017b Software.

Figure 1. Process of Node Connectivity
The nodes are deployed in the free space. Figure 1 shows the process of node connectivity after the creation of the nodes and the assignment of the distance, cost and energy to the nodes. The base network is created when all the nodes in a given space are connected to some other nodes randomly. The figure also shows Distance to Zero where the node nearest to the origin is taken as 1, the node next nearest to the origin is taken as 2 and so on. The established nodes then connect with the shortest distance node and the updated network after complete iteration is shown. Dijkstra's shortest path algorithm has been used to connect to shortest distance node. Figure 2 shows the Network Operational Nodes per Transmission. Some of the nodes may have the energy for the data transfer and some nodes may not have the required energy for data transfer. With more number of iterations the number of nodes that are operational reduces. Hence more and more nodes become nonoperational.

Figure 3. Energy Consumed per Transmission
Each node is assigned a random energy while creating the nodes and before the establishment of the connection. Figure 3 shows the Network Energy consumed per transmission. The figure shows that with each transmission, random energy is consumed.

Figure 4. Enable Data Transfer
After the assignment of distance and random energy to the nodes, when the nodes are ready, they transfer the data. Some nodes may have the energy required for the transfer of data and some nodes may not have the required energy. Figure 4 shows the enabling of data transfer which is based on the energy of the nodes. Figure 5 shows the Hilbert Correlation Overlap Plot. The correlation is performed between the input signal and the reflected signal from a node. This correlation enables the receiver to do the iterative search for N number of times until the communication is established without any blockage of objects. Input signal is shown by green curve and reflected signal is shown by red curve. Figure 6 shows the Blockage removed routing. Whenever there is a blockage found in the route between two nodes, a new route will be selected by the nodes that will be free from any LOS blockage. The Hilbert correlation will be calculated for the new route, and if it is found to be good, then the new route will be made final.

VI. CONCLUSION
As demand of high data speed is increasing along with the number of subscribers, the technologies at present such as 3G, 4G are unable in supporting this and therefore there comes a necessity for the development for mobile network's next generation that is the 5G network. As more number of devices are connected to the network, security threats becomes a major issue as more personal data becomes vulnerable. For ensuring a smart city's normal operation, abnormality detection is necessary. The proposed system focused on spatial correlation based line of sight problem would be solved. The proposed system uses Dijkstra's algorithm for shortest path search. The proposed framework uses adjustable routing model through spatial correlation and abnormality detection through RNN network is developed. The proposed technique reduce disconnection of data transfer as line of sight problem was evaluated. The result shows the proposed rerouting consumes less delay and the propagation of data packets would be altered.

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