Design and Parametric Analysis of Wideband MicroStrip Patch Antenna With CPW-FED

A design and parametric analysis of patch antennas (MPA) with coplanar waveguide (CPW-Fed) for wideband application. It is analyzed a compact coplanar waveguide patch antenna that has dimensions of 35 mm x 39 mm. Compact Inverted U-slotted-shaped antenna uses the material with a dielectric constant of 4.3 and the height of the antenna is h =1.6 mm. This paper analysis of different parameters of antenna dimensions and designs compact CPW-fed patch antennas for the range from 3.20GHz to 7.94 GHz. The main purpose of the parametric analysis of proposed antennas is to achieve higher impedance bandwidth for wideband applications.


Introduction
In the earlier few decades, the rapidly increasing requirements of high data rates. After that scientists/researchers develop and design, simulate, and fabricates fast-growing communication devices as per today's scenario/ requirements in the eld of wireless communications. Which are ful ll the requirement of high rates simultaneously multiple users use that technology or communication devices. One of the communication device's names is Microstrip antennas that are helpful during signal processing. This patch antennas technology came into existence in the era of 1970s. The MPA consists of two conducting layers separated by a dielectric substrate [1]- [3]. Microstrip antenna is solitary of the greatest rising segments in telecommunication engineering and a promising technology to be used in the prospect of telecommunications [4]. Moreover, the narrowband antenna can maintain reasonable gain and established radiation patterns throughout the application band. This narrow-band is the main drawback of a microstrip [5]. This mechanism can meet the requirements of a great variety of users from those in developing nations wanting to connect a novel extraordinary speed data network with very cheaply and time required to connect a wired network, to those in rural regions wanting fast access where wired explanations may not be practical, for the reason that the spaces and charges involved [6,7]. Now a day's many researchers are working in the eld of this microstrip patch antennas technology for the design and analysis of multi-band and broad-band antennas for some communication devices [8]- [9].
Today's market demands in the eld of wireless communication systems are smart, cognitive, wideband, compact size, and high data rates for commercial and military applications [10,11].

Design And Parametric Analysis Of Antennas
The Computer Simulating Technology software is basically used for designing of Microwave components, antennas and other electromagnetic devices, in here this software is used for design, simulate and parametric analysis of antennas whose physical dimensions are given in table 1. The designed antennas for parametric analysis are shown in Fig. 1. And the nal proposed antenna is shown in Fig. 2. The optimized antennas have found out impedance matching which corresponds to 50 Ω characteristic impedance. So now describes the proposed antenna structure dimensions.
The antenna will be simulated and analyzed using computer simulation technology (CST) software. The re ection coe cient (|S 11 |) curves against the frequency are shown in Fig. 3. The gain curves and radiation e ciency curves are against the frequency are shown in Figs. 4 and 5, respectively.
In Fig. 3  The gain plot shows above in Fig. 4. The antennas 5 maximum gain is 3.60 dBi and the Impedance Bandwidth percentage is 85.

Outcomes
A parametric analysis was carried out by varying the dimensions of length, the width of slots, and the patch. This proposed wideband CPW-fed micro-strip patch antenna is simulated using Computer Simulation Technology software. The simulation results of the antenna 5 are wideband bandwidth, along with compact size of antennas and meandered gain, which is used suitable for C-Band and wireless applications. The impact of process variations on the electrical response of patch antennas was also investigated. A wideband microstrip patch antenna is proposed using CPW-fed, microstrip feed, and coaxial feed which may be useful for the Next Generation Wireless Technologies. After the design and analysis of a compact wideband microstrip antenna with CPW-Fed structure is comparable to existing results of the literature survey.  Table 3. CPW-fed is used for enhancing bandwidth, enhancement of gain, and calculate the lower return losses, etc. We are using the CST simulation tool for simulation and design, where we are using material (εr = 4.3) and taking a height of 1.6 mm. It is useful for all applications; ranges from 3.20 GHz to 7.94 GHz.

Declarations
Funding: Not Applicable.
Con ict of Interest: The authors declare no con ict of interest regarding the publication of this research paper.
Availability of data and material: Not Applicable.
Code availability: All the experiments have been performed using standard Computer Simulation Technology (CST) studio software. Figure 1 Schematic diagram of (i) the antenna1 structure (ii) the antenna2 structure, (iii) The antenna3 structure, and (iv) the antenna4 structure The Simulated structure of antenna 5 Gain plot of antennas 5.

Figure 5
The radiation e ciency of the antenna 5