Mild Hyponatremia Is Associated with Low Skeletal Muscle Mass, Physical Function Impairment, and Depressive Mood in the Elderly
Background: Mild hyponatremia (serum sodium 130-135 mEq/L) is a common electrolyte disorder in the elderly. However, its association with both sarcopenia and cognitive function remains to be clarified. Therefore, here we investigated the association of mild hyponatremia with skeletal muscle mass, physical function, and cognitive function in the elderly.
Methods: We enrolled 75 participants with mild hyponatremia and 2907 with normonatremia (serum sodium, 136-145 mEq/L) aged ≥ 70 years who visited the Memory Disorder Outpatient Center of Japan’s National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology. Skeletal muscle mass index (SMI), grip strength (GS), walking speed (WS), one-leg standing (OLS) test times, and neuropsychological test scores were determined.
Results: One-way analysis of covariance showed that elderly participants with mild hyponatremia had lower SMI (7.1 ± 0.2, 7.2 ± 0.2 kg/m2, p = 0.04), weaker GS (19.1 ± 1.9 vs 21.4 ± 1.8 kg, p = 0.01), slower WS (0.9 ± 0.1 vs 1.1 ± 0.1 m/s, p = 0.001), and higher GDS- 15 score (6.4 ± 0.9 vs 5.2 ± 0.9, p = 0.002) than those with normonatremia. Multiple logistic regression analysis indicated that mild hyponatremia was independently associated with sarcopenia (odds ratio [OR]: 2.2, p = 0.02), slower WS (OR: 5.3, p = 0.04) and shorter OLS time (OR: 2.5, p = 0.02) as well as with severe depressive mood (OR: 2.6 p = 0.006) but not with SMI (OR: 1.6, p = 0.2) or GS (OR: 1.9, p = 0.09).
Conclusions: Our results suggest that elderly people with even mild hyponatremia had physical function impairment and depressive mood.
Posted 17 Dec, 2020
On 07 Dec, 2020
On 07 Dec, 2020
On 07 Dec, 2020
Received 22 Nov, 2020
Received 09 Nov, 2020
On 09 Nov, 2020
Received 09 Nov, 2020
On 06 Nov, 2020
Invitations sent on 05 Nov, 2020
On 05 Nov, 2020
On 01 Nov, 2020
On 01 Nov, 2020
On 01 Nov, 2020
On 07 Oct, 2020
Received 29 Sep, 2020
Received 23 Sep, 2020
On 22 Sep, 2020
On 21 Sep, 2020
Received 14 Sep, 2020
On 23 Aug, 2020
Received 23 Aug, 2020
Invitations sent on 20 Aug, 2020
On 20 Aug, 2020
On 12 Aug, 2020
On 12 Aug, 2020
On 10 Aug, 2020
Mild Hyponatremia Is Associated with Low Skeletal Muscle Mass, Physical Function Impairment, and Depressive Mood in the Elderly
Posted 17 Dec, 2020
On 07 Dec, 2020
On 07 Dec, 2020
On 07 Dec, 2020
Received 22 Nov, 2020
Received 09 Nov, 2020
On 09 Nov, 2020
Received 09 Nov, 2020
On 06 Nov, 2020
Invitations sent on 05 Nov, 2020
On 05 Nov, 2020
On 01 Nov, 2020
On 01 Nov, 2020
On 01 Nov, 2020
On 07 Oct, 2020
Received 29 Sep, 2020
Received 23 Sep, 2020
On 22 Sep, 2020
On 21 Sep, 2020
Received 14 Sep, 2020
On 23 Aug, 2020
Received 23 Aug, 2020
Invitations sent on 20 Aug, 2020
On 20 Aug, 2020
On 12 Aug, 2020
On 12 Aug, 2020
On 10 Aug, 2020
Background: Mild hyponatremia (serum sodium 130-135 mEq/L) is a common electrolyte disorder in the elderly. However, its association with both sarcopenia and cognitive function remains to be clarified. Therefore, here we investigated the association of mild hyponatremia with skeletal muscle mass, physical function, and cognitive function in the elderly.
Methods: We enrolled 75 participants with mild hyponatremia and 2907 with normonatremia (serum sodium, 136-145 mEq/L) aged ≥ 70 years who visited the Memory Disorder Outpatient Center of Japan’s National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology. Skeletal muscle mass index (SMI), grip strength (GS), walking speed (WS), one-leg standing (OLS) test times, and neuropsychological test scores were determined.
Results: One-way analysis of covariance showed that elderly participants with mild hyponatremia had lower SMI (7.1 ± 0.2, 7.2 ± 0.2 kg/m2, p = 0.04), weaker GS (19.1 ± 1.9 vs 21.4 ± 1.8 kg, p = 0.01), slower WS (0.9 ± 0.1 vs 1.1 ± 0.1 m/s, p = 0.001), and higher GDS- 15 score (6.4 ± 0.9 vs 5.2 ± 0.9, p = 0.002) than those with normonatremia. Multiple logistic regression analysis indicated that mild hyponatremia was independently associated with sarcopenia (odds ratio [OR]: 2.2, p = 0.02), slower WS (OR: 5.3, p = 0.04) and shorter OLS time (OR: 2.5, p = 0.02) as well as with severe depressive mood (OR: 2.6 p = 0.006) but not with SMI (OR: 1.6, p = 0.2) or GS (OR: 1.9, p = 0.09).
Conclusions: Our results suggest that elderly people with even mild hyponatremia had physical function impairment and depressive mood.