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Original research
Rosa T Branca
Corresponding Author
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Background
Brown adipose tissue (BAT) is a fat tissue found in most mammals that helps regulate energy balance and core body temperature through a sympathetic process known as non-shivering thermogenesis. BAT activity is commonly detected and quantified in 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose (18F-FDG) positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) scans, and radiotracer uptake in BAT during adrenergic stimulation is often used as a surrogate measure for identifying thermogenic activity in the tissue. BAT thermogenesis is believed to be contingent upon the expression of the protein UCP1, but conflicting results have been reported in the literature concerning 18F-FDG uptake within BAT of mice with and without UCP1. Differences in animal handling techniques such as feeding status, type of anesthetic, type of BAT stimulation, and estrogen levels were identified as possible confounding variables for 18F-FDG uptake. In this study, we aimed to assess differences in BAT 18F-FDG uptake between wildtype and UCP1-knockout mice using a protocol that minimizes possible variations in BAT stimulation caused by different stress responses to mouse handling.
Results
18F-FDG PET/CT scans were ran on mice that were anesthetized with pentobarbital after stimulation of non-shivering thermogenesis by norepinephrine. While in wild type mice 18F-FDG uptake in BAT increased significantly with norepinephrine stimulation of BAT, there was no consistent change in 18F-FDG uptake in BAT of mice lacking UCP1.
Conclusions
18F-FDG uptake within adrenergically stimulated BAT of wildtype and UCP1-knockout mice can significantly vary such that an 18F-FDG uptake threshold cannot be used to differentiate wildtype from UCP1-knockout mice. However, while an increase in BAT 18F-FDG uptake during adrenergic stimulation is consistently observed in wild type mice, in UCP1-knockout mice 18F-FDG uptake in BAT seems to be is independent of β3 adrenergic stimulation of non-shivering thermogenesis.
Keywords
Brown adipose tissue, Uncoupling protein 1, 18F-FDG, Thermogenesis, Standardized uptake value, Infrared thermography
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Peer Review Timeline
CURRENT STATUS: Published
View the published article at EJNMMI Research.
No community comments so far
Editorial decision: Accept
On 26 Oct, 2020
Editor assigned
On 15 Oct, 2020
Submission checks complete
On 14 Oct, 2020
Editor invited
On 14 Oct, 2020
Version 1
Posted 10 Aug, 2020
No comments provided
Review #2 received
Received 15 Sep, 2020
Editorial decision: Minor Revision
On 15 Sep, 2020
Review #1 received
Received 28 Aug, 2020
Reviewer #2 agreed
On 26 Aug, 2020
Reviewers invited
Invitations sent on 14 Aug, 2020
Reviewer #1 agreed
On 14 Aug, 2020
Editor assigned
On 13 Aug, 2020
Editor invited
On 12 Aug, 2020
Submission checks complete
On 07 Aug, 2020
First submitted
On 03 Aug, 2020
Metrics
Comments: 0
PDF Downloads: ...
HTML Views: ...
Subject Areas
Photonics/optics
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A new preprint design is coming!
We have improved readability, clarity, accessibility, and opportunities for engagement.
See the published version of this preprint at EJNMMI Research.
This is a preprint, a preliminary version of a manuscript that has not completed peer review at a journal. Research Square does not conduct peer review prior to posting preprints. The posting of a preprint on this server should not be interpreted as an endorsement of its validity or suitability for dissemination as established information or for guiding clinical practice.
Learn more about In Review
Original research
Rosa T Branca
Corresponding Author
Badges
Prescreen
This manuscript passed our Prescreen assessment
Complete author information
Appropriate declaration statements
Potential risks to human health
Prescreen
Peer Review Timeline
CURRENT STATUS: Published
View the published article at EJNMMI Research.
No community comments so far
Editorial decision: Accept
On 26 Oct, 2020
Editor assigned
On 15 Oct, 2020
Submission checks complete
On 14 Oct, 2020
Editor invited
On 14 Oct, 2020
Version 1
Posted 10 Aug, 2020
No comments provided
Review #2 received
Received 15 Sep, 2020
Editorial decision: Minor Revision
On 15 Sep, 2020
Review #1 received
Received 28 Aug, 2020
Reviewer #2 agreed
On 26 Aug, 2020
Reviewers invited
Invitations sent on 14 Aug, 2020
Reviewer #1 agreed
On 14 Aug, 2020
Editor assigned
On 13 Aug, 2020
Editor invited
On 12 Aug, 2020
Submission checks complete
On 07 Aug, 2020
First submitted
On 03 Aug, 2020
Metrics
Comments: 0
PDF Downloads: ...
HTML Views: ...
Subject Areas
Photonics/optics
License:
This work is licensed under a CC BY 4.0 License. Read Full License
View the published article at EJNMMI Research.
Background
Brown adipose tissue (BAT) is a fat tissue found in most mammals that helps regulate energy balance and core body temperature through a sympathetic process known as non-shivering thermogenesis. BAT activity is commonly detected and quantified in 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose (18F-FDG) positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) scans, and radiotracer uptake in BAT during adrenergic stimulation is often used as a surrogate measure for identifying thermogenic activity in the tissue. BAT thermogenesis is believed to be contingent upon the expression of the protein UCP1, but conflicting results have been reported in the literature concerning 18F-FDG uptake within BAT of mice with and without UCP1. Differences in animal handling techniques such as feeding status, type of anesthetic, type of BAT stimulation, and estrogen levels were identified as possible confounding variables for 18F-FDG uptake. In this study, we aimed to assess differences in BAT 18F-FDG uptake between wildtype and UCP1-knockout mice using a protocol that minimizes possible variations in BAT stimulation caused by different stress responses to mouse handling.
Results
18F-FDG PET/CT scans were ran on mice that were anesthetized with pentobarbital after stimulation of non-shivering thermogenesis by norepinephrine. While in wild type mice 18F-FDG uptake in BAT increased significantly with norepinephrine stimulation of BAT, there was no consistent change in 18F-FDG uptake in BAT of mice lacking UCP1.
Conclusions
18F-FDG uptake within adrenergically stimulated BAT of wildtype and UCP1-knockout mice can significantly vary such that an 18F-FDG uptake threshold cannot be used to differentiate wildtype from UCP1-knockout mice. However, while an increase in BAT 18F-FDG uptake during adrenergic stimulation is consistently observed in wild type mice, in UCP1-knockout mice 18F-FDG uptake in BAT seems to be is independent of β3 adrenergic stimulation of non-shivering thermogenesis.
Figure 1
Figure 2
Figure 3
Figure 4
Figure 5
Figure 6
Figure 7
This is a list of supplementary files associated with this preprint. Click to download.
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