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BACKGROUND With urbanization and aging increasing in coming decades, societies face the challenge of keeping aging populations active. Land use mix (LUM) has been associated with cycling and walking, but whether changes in LUM relate to changes in cycling/walking is less known.
OBJECTIVES Our objective was to study the effect of LUM on cycling/walking in two Dutch aging cohorts using data with 10 years of follow-up.
METHODS Data from 1,183 respondents from the Health and Living Conditions of the Population of Eindhoven and Surroundings (GLOBE) study and 918 respondents from the Longitudinal Aging Study Amsterdam (LASA) were linked to LUM in 1000-meter sausage network buffers at three time-points. Cycling/walking outcomes were harmonized to include average minutes spent cycling/walking per week. Data was pooled and limited to respondents that did not relocate between follow-up waves. Associations between LUM and cycling/walking were estimated using a Random Effects Within-Between (REWB) model that allows for the estimation of both within and between effects. Sensitivity analyses were performed on smaller (500-meter) and larger (1600-meter) buffers.
RESULTS We found evidence of between-individual associations of LUM in 1000-meter buffers and walking (β: 11.10, 95% CI: 0.08 ; 21.12), but no evidence of within-associations in 1000-meter buffers. Sensitivity analyses using 500-meter buffers showed similar between-associations, but negative within-associations (β: -35.67, 95% CI: -68.85 ; -2.49). We did not find evidence of between-individual associations of LUM in any buffer size and cycling, but did find evidence of negative within-associations between LUM in 1600-meter buffers and cycling (β: -7.49, 95% CI: -14.31 ; -0.66).
DISCUSSION Our study found evidence of positive associations between LUM and average walking time, but also some evidence of negative associations between a change in LUM and cycling/walking. LUM appears to be related to cycling/walking, but the effect of changes in LUM on cycling/walking is unclear.
Keywords
Land use mix (LUM), Dutch cohorts, physical activity (PA), risk factor
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CURRENT STATUS: Published
View the published article at International Journal of Behavioral Nutrition and Physical Activity.
Version 3
Posted 15 Jan, 2021
No community comments so far
Editorial decision: Accept
On 06 Jan, 2021
Editor assigned
On 05 Jan, 2021
Submission checks complete
On 05 Jan, 2021
Editor invited
On 05 Jan, 2021
No comments provided
Editorial decision: Minor revision
On 03 Jan, 2021
Review #2 received
Received 19 Dec, 2020
Review #1 received
Received 09 Dec, 2020
Reviewer #2 agreed
On 03 Dec, 2020
Reviewer #1 agreed
On 29 Nov, 2020
Reviewers invited
Invitations sent on 27 Nov, 2020
Editor assigned
On 25 Nov, 2020
Editor invited
On 25 Nov, 2020
Submission checks complete
On 25 Nov, 2020
No comments provided
Editorial decision: Major revision
On 02 Oct, 2020
Review #3 received
Received 30 Sep, 2020
Review #2 received
Received 27 Sep, 2020
Review #1 received
Received 10 Sep, 2020
Reviewer #2 agreed
On 02 Sep, 2020
Reviewer #3 agreed
On 02 Sep, 2020
Reviewer #1 agreed
On 20 Aug, 2020
Reviewers invited
Invitations sent on 12 Aug, 2020
Editor assigned
On 06 Aug, 2020
Submission checks complete
On 05 Aug, 2020
Editor invited
On 05 Aug, 2020
First submitted
On 04 Aug, 2020
Metrics
Comments: 0
PDF Downloads: ...
HTML Views: ...
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See the published version of this preprint at International Journal of Behavioral Nutrition and Physical Activity.
This is a preprint, a preliminary version of a manuscript that has not completed peer review at a journal. Research Square does not conduct peer review prior to posting preprints. The posting of a preprint on this server should not be interpreted as an endorsement of its validity or suitability for dissemination as established information or for guiding clinical practice.
Learn more about In Review
Research
Badges
Prescreen
This manuscript passed our Prescreen assessment
Complete author information
Appropriate declaration statements
Potential risks to human health
Prescreen
Peer Review Timeline
CURRENT STATUS: Published
View the published article at International Journal of Behavioral Nutrition and Physical Activity.
Version 3
Posted 15 Jan, 2021
No community comments so far
Editorial decision: Accept
On 06 Jan, 2021
Editor assigned
On 05 Jan, 2021
Submission checks complete
On 05 Jan, 2021
Editor invited
On 05 Jan, 2021
No comments provided
Editorial decision: Minor revision
On 03 Jan, 2021
Review #2 received
Received 19 Dec, 2020
Review #1 received
Received 09 Dec, 2020
Reviewer #2 agreed
On 03 Dec, 2020
Reviewer #1 agreed
On 29 Nov, 2020
Reviewers invited
Invitations sent on 27 Nov, 2020
Editor assigned
On 25 Nov, 2020
Editor invited
On 25 Nov, 2020
Submission checks complete
On 25 Nov, 2020
No comments provided
Editorial decision: Major revision
On 02 Oct, 2020
Review #3 received
Received 30 Sep, 2020
Review #2 received
Received 27 Sep, 2020
Review #1 received
Received 10 Sep, 2020
Reviewer #2 agreed
On 02 Sep, 2020
Reviewer #3 agreed
On 02 Sep, 2020
Reviewer #1 agreed
On 20 Aug, 2020
Reviewers invited
Invitations sent on 12 Aug, 2020
Editor assigned
On 06 Aug, 2020
Submission checks complete
On 05 Aug, 2020
Editor invited
On 05 Aug, 2020
First submitted
On 04 Aug, 2020
Metrics
Comments: 0
PDF Downloads: ...
HTML Views: ...
License:
This work is licensed under a CC BY 4.0 License. Read Full License
View the published article at International Journal of Behavioral Nutrition and Physical Activity.
BACKGROUND With urbanization and aging increasing in coming decades, societies face the challenge of keeping aging populations active. Land use mix (LUM) has been associated with cycling and walking, but whether changes in LUM relate to changes in cycling/walking is less known.
OBJECTIVES Our objective was to study the effect of LUM on cycling/walking in two Dutch aging cohorts using data with 10 years of follow-up.
METHODS Data from 1,183 respondents from the Health and Living Conditions of the Population of Eindhoven and Surroundings (GLOBE) study and 918 respondents from the Longitudinal Aging Study Amsterdam (LASA) were linked to LUM in 1000-meter sausage network buffers at three time-points. Cycling/walking outcomes were harmonized to include average minutes spent cycling/walking per week. Data was pooled and limited to respondents that did not relocate between follow-up waves. Associations between LUM and cycling/walking were estimated using a Random Effects Within-Between (REWB) model that allows for the estimation of both within and between effects. Sensitivity analyses were performed on smaller (500-meter) and larger (1600-meter) buffers.
RESULTS We found evidence of between-individual associations of LUM in 1000-meter buffers and walking (β: 11.10, 95% CI: 0.08 ; 21.12), but no evidence of within-associations in 1000-meter buffers. Sensitivity analyses using 500-meter buffers showed similar between-associations, but negative within-associations (β: -35.67, 95% CI: -68.85 ; -2.49). We did not find evidence of between-individual associations of LUM in any buffer size and cycling, but did find evidence of negative within-associations between LUM in 1600-meter buffers and cycling (β: -7.49, 95% CI: -14.31 ; -0.66).
DISCUSSION Our study found evidence of positive associations between LUM and average walking time, but also some evidence of negative associations between a change in LUM and cycling/walking. LUM appears to be related to cycling/walking, but the effect of changes in LUM on cycling/walking is unclear.
Figure 1
This preprint is available for download as a PDF.
This is a list of supplementary files associated with this preprint. Click to download.
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