Application of Robotics UV-light Device In Averting The Spread of Coronavirus.

: This research focused on robotic ultraviolet light (RUV light) for sanitizing the environment due to the 11 outbreak of the Coronavirus pandemic devastating the whole world. The prototype Robotics UV-light device 12 was proposed in this research to relieve mankind of sanitization of the ecosystem since SARS-CoV-II is highly 13 infectious. The robotic Ultra-violet system was developed using perception subsystems as well as cognition 14 subsystems, all linked together to perform the needed functions. Nine perceptions recognition subsystems were 15 deployed with a remote controller for the driving as well as monitoring of the system for optimum performance 16 while in operation. The Robotics was built with four lamps of ultra-violet lights such that while in operation, 17 the targeted environment gets sanitized at the same time. An extra lamp was attached at the top end of the 18 robotic device which is used to fumigate the upper part of the wards where the other lights could not reach. One 19 of the inbuilt perception subsystems collects information on the extent of sanitization and then via the cognition 20 subsystem shuts down the system automatically. If by chance a novice approaches the ward(s) where the robotic 21 system is working, another perception subsystem will perceive human presences and through the cognitive 22 device raises a mimic human tone programmed, “this place is not safe now, quickly shift". If within ten nano - 23 seconds and the novice still resist the warning, then the machine shutdown automatically. The performance of 24 this electromagnetic light has an efficiency of 99.99 percent over both bacteria and viruses including Covid-19. 25


28
The world over is witnessing another serious pandemic since the last H1N1 virus pandemic in the year 1918 COVID-19 ranges from mild with no symptom(s) to severe ailment that may lead to the death of its victim. The 38 symptoms seen with severe COVID-19 patients range from high fever, general body weakness, acute cough to a 39 sore throat. Other signs include headaches and body pains, a state of anosmia, ageusia as well as vitiligo, 40 diarrhea and finally may lead to dyspnea. To checkmate the blowout of the disease which spread like a wildfire, 41 several efforts from different health specialists were made but to no avail. Many unlucky persons still fall under 42 the cold hands of that wicked disease. Funny enough the disease is a respecter of no man, neither color, race, 43 age nor social status; it only the immunity level in its victim does it respect. All activities ongoing previously in 44 the world were brought to a standstill instantly; be it social, economic, or even global activities. To that effect, 45 many nation's economies both giants and weaklings were capsized.

46
As in the case of most contagious diseases, the transmissibility of SARS-CoV-IIthe beta version of 47 coronavirus that caused COVID-19 happened by one-on-one interaction with the carrier or any object touched 48 by the carrier and also by airborne routes. Hence, from research, SARS-CoV-2 was been destroyed or 49 destabilized by aerosols within a short span of at least 3hours (Van et al, 2020). The news of the high rate of 50 mortalities as a result of Covid-19, all hands were on deck to combat the nemeses ravaging the world over. So 51 many measures were adopted to minimize the wild spread, some of such measures were, use of liquid 52 disinfectants either to wash hands or just to spray in the hands, masking of mouth and nose, staying 6 feet apart 53 in any public gatherings including other personal hygiene practices. On the other hand, some drugs were 54 recommended for anybody that contacts the deadly disease. Such drugs include Paracetamol tablets, Vitamin C 55 natural or synthesized D3, and B complex natural or synthesized, Vapor or capsules for the stream, 56 hydroxychloroquine tablets or chloroquine tablets, and dexamethasone. Other devices recommended for the 57 intensive care unit (ICU) were Oximeter, oxygen cylinder, and breathing exercise. In addition to the sanitary 58 measures, social distancing, Moez Guettari, (2020) advocated for environmental fumigation, thorough testing of 59 individuals, and quarantine of any alleged person for two weeks. Furthermore, two genetically engineered 60 antibody from a single clone were made available for treatments (Bamlanivimab, was a product from Eli Lilly; 61 with a combination of Casirivimab and Imdevimab, manufactured by Regeneron company) were given 62 emergency endorsement for use by the American Food and Drug Administration (FDA) in November 2020.

95
UV radiation has been adopted in some healthcare units to sanitize surfaces, objects, water, air, and sterilize incapacitate viruses, bacteria, and fungi but also make them un-procreative or even cause sickness.

112
The efficacy of UV-light was further confirmed by Kowalski (2009)

126
Of course, Kitagawa

135
The human risks involved in the use of UV-light do not affect its efficacies in the sanitization of environs, 136 personal protective equipment (PPE), treatment of water, and as well as sterilization of medical equipment.

137
Even though UV light has these advantages to its credit, caution should be employed while in use even though it 138 is a good approach for microbes to be exposed to ultraviolet light (Kowalski, 2009), and also such exposures

144
The prototype Robotic UV-light system was implemented using nine perception subsystems as well as cognition is ongoing, a mimic human tone programmed, "this place is not safe now, quickly shift", will then be initialized.

156
The UV light was designed to look like a lamp with a shining surface that reflects all the light intensity at an 157 angle of 180 o frontwards. There are four of these lamps around the robotic device, which cover all the environs 158 to fumigate. As soon as the robot system gets to its target place of work, through the remote controller, the 159 device will be set to work making some movements appropriately. Then, the perception and cognition 160 subsystems monitor as well as taking decisions determine the degree of fumigation takes appropriate action at 161 the due time. Figure 3 depicted the prototype ultraviolet light system.

175
The drive current of ultraviolet intensity, (µW per cm 2 ) was given in Eq.

211
The body movement without taking note of the force/torque that was pressing on its body or causing the 212 movement is regarded as kinematics to the robotic mechanism. The procedure of plotting a robot manipulator 213 from Joint-space to Cartesian-space (sometimes known as task space) can be regarded as frontward kinematics.

214
This action can easily be determined by the transformation of the data generated from the kinematic of the