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Research Article
Mosaad A. Abdel-Wahhab
National Research Center
Corresponding Author
ORCiD: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7174-3341
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This work is licensed under a CC BY 4.0 License. Read Full License
This study was conducted to identify the bioactive phytochemicals in Salvia officinalis essential oil, to determine the polyphenols in the aqueous extract (SOE), and to evaluate their protective role against cadmium (Cd)-induced oxidative damage, and genotoxicity in rats. Six groups of female rats were treated orally for 2 weeks including the control group, CdCl2-treated group, SOE-treated groups at low or high dose (100 and 200 mg/kg b.w), and CdCl2 plus SOE-treated groups at the two doses. The GC-MS analysis identified 39 compounds the main compounds were 9-Octadecenamide, Eucalyptol, Palmitic acid, Oleic acid. However, the HPLC analysis identified 12 polyphenolic compounds and the majority were coumaric acid, chlorogenic acid, coffeic acid, catechin, vanillin, gallic acid, ellagic acid, and rutin. In the biological study, rats received CdCl2 displayed severe disturbances in liver and kidney indices (ALT, AST, Alb, TP, T. Bil, D. Bil, creatinine, uric acid, and urea), lipid profile (Cho, TG, HDL, and LDL), serum cytokines (TNF-α, AFP and CEA), antioxidant enzymes (GSH, GPx, SOD and CAT), oxidative stress markers (MDA and NO), gene expressions, DNA fragmentation, and histological alterations in the liver and kidney tissue. SOE showed a potent antioxidant and mitigated these alterations in serum and tissue. Moreover, the high dose succeeded to normalize most of the tested parameters and histological features. It could be concluded that Salvia officinalis is a promising source for bioactive compounds with therapeutically benefits against environmental toxicants.
Keywords
Salvia officinalis, bioactive secondary metabolites, Cadmium chloride, oxidative stress, genotoxicity, DNA fragmentation
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CURRENT STATUS: Under Review
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Posted 14 Jun, 2021
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Editorial decision: Major Revision
On 24 Jun, 2021
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On 09 Jun, 2021
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On 31 May, 2021
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Animal Science
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This preprint is under consideration at Environmental Science and Pollution Research. A preprint is a preliminary version of a manuscript that has not completed peer review at a journal. Research Square does not conduct peer review prior to posting preprints. The posting of a preprint on this server should not be interpreted as an endorsement of its validity or suitability for dissemination as established information or for guiding clinical practice.
Learn more about In Review
Research Article
Mosaad A. Abdel-Wahhab
National Research Center
Corresponding Author
ORCiD: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7174-3341
Badges
Prescreen
This manuscript passed our Prescreen assessment
Complete author information
Appropriate declaration statements
Potential risks to human health
Prescreen
Peer Review Timeline
CURRENT STATUS: Under Review
Version 1
Posted 14 Jun, 2021
No community comments so far
Editorial decision: Major Revision
On 24 Jun, 2021
Reviewers invited
Invitations sent on 09 Jun, 2021
Editor invited
On 09 Jun, 2021
Reviews received
Received 09 Jun, 2021
Editor assigned
On 31 May, 2021
First submitted
On 28 May, 2021
Metrics
Comments: 0
PDF Downloads: ...
HTML Views: ...
Subject Areas
Animal Science
License:
This work is licensed under a CC BY 4.0 License. Read Full License
This study was conducted to identify the bioactive phytochemicals in Salvia officinalis essential oil, to determine the polyphenols in the aqueous extract (SOE), and to evaluate their protective role against cadmium (Cd)-induced oxidative damage, and genotoxicity in rats. Six groups of female rats were treated orally for 2 weeks including the control group, CdCl2-treated group, SOE-treated groups at low or high dose (100 and 200 mg/kg b.w), and CdCl2 plus SOE-treated groups at the two doses. The GC-MS analysis identified 39 compounds the main compounds were 9-Octadecenamide, Eucalyptol, Palmitic acid, Oleic acid. However, the HPLC analysis identified 12 polyphenolic compounds and the majority were coumaric acid, chlorogenic acid, coffeic acid, catechin, vanillin, gallic acid, ellagic acid, and rutin. In the biological study, rats received CdCl2 displayed severe disturbances in liver and kidney indices (ALT, AST, Alb, TP, T. Bil, D. Bil, creatinine, uric acid, and urea), lipid profile (Cho, TG, HDL, and LDL), serum cytokines (TNF-α, AFP and CEA), antioxidant enzymes (GSH, GPx, SOD and CAT), oxidative stress markers (MDA and NO), gene expressions, DNA fragmentation, and histological alterations in the liver and kidney tissue. SOE showed a potent antioxidant and mitigated these alterations in serum and tissue. Moreover, the high dose succeeded to normalize most of the tested parameters and histological features. It could be concluded that Salvia officinalis is a promising source for bioactive compounds with therapeutically benefits against environmental toxicants.
Figure 1
Figure 2
Figure 3
Figure 4
Figure 5
Figure 6
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