Functional SARS-CoV-2-specific immune memory persists after mild COVID-19
The recently emerged SARS-CoV-2 virus is currently causing a global pandemic and cases continue to rise. The majority of infected individuals experience mildly symptomatic coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), but it is unknown whether this can induce persistent immune memory that might contribute to herd immunity. Thus, we performed a longitudinal assessment of individuals recovered from mildly symptomatic COVID-19 to determine if they develop and sustain immunological memory against the virus. We found that recovered individuals developed SARS-CoV-2-specific IgG antibody and neutralizing plasma, as well as virus-specific memory B and T cells that not only persisted, but in some cases increased numerically over three months following symptom onset. Furthermore, the SARS-CoV-2-specific memory lymphocytes exhibited characteristics associated with potent antiviral immunity: memory T cells secreted IFN-γ and expanded upon antigen re-encounter, while memory B cells expressed receptors capable of neutralizing virus when expressed as antibodies. These findings demonstrate that mild COVID-19 elicits memory lymphocytes that persist and display functional hallmarks associated with antiviral protective immunity.
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Supplementary Table 1
Extended Data Figure 1. Healthy controls do not have SARS-CoV-2 RBD or spike-specific antibodies.
Extended Data Figure 2. PBMC innate populations in CoV2+ and HC individuals are not different at Visit 1.
Extended Data Figure 3. Bulk PBMC T Cells return to immune quiescence by Visit 1.
Extended Data Figure 4. PBMC B Cell and antibody response at two memory time points.
Extended Data Figure 5. Detecting SARS-CoV-2 RBD-specific B cells in PBMCs.
Extended Data Figure 6. Bulk CD4 and CD8+ T cell cytokines expression.
Extended Data Figure 7. Generation of neutralizing antibodies by RBD-specific MBCs.
Study cohort characteristics
Amino acid sequence of monoclonal antibody variable regions.
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Posted 13 Aug, 2020
Functional SARS-CoV-2-specific immune memory persists after mild COVID-19
Posted 13 Aug, 2020
The recently emerged SARS-CoV-2 virus is currently causing a global pandemic and cases continue to rise. The majority of infected individuals experience mildly symptomatic coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), but it is unknown whether this can induce persistent immune memory that might contribute to herd immunity. Thus, we performed a longitudinal assessment of individuals recovered from mildly symptomatic COVID-19 to determine if they develop and sustain immunological memory against the virus. We found that recovered individuals developed SARS-CoV-2-specific IgG antibody and neutralizing plasma, as well as virus-specific memory B and T cells that not only persisted, but in some cases increased numerically over three months following symptom onset. Furthermore, the SARS-CoV-2-specific memory lymphocytes exhibited characteristics associated with potent antiviral immunity: memory T cells secreted IFN-γ and expanded upon antigen re-encounter, while memory B cells expressed receptors capable of neutralizing virus when expressed as antibodies. These findings demonstrate that mild COVID-19 elicits memory lymphocytes that persist and display functional hallmarks associated with antiviral protective immunity.
Figure 1
Figure 2
Figure 3
Figure 4
Due to technical limitations, full-text HTML conversion of this manuscript could not be completed. However, the manuscript can be downloaded and accessed as a PDF.
Surprise! That is good news nice to hear Really appreciate it ihope Bonappetite for everyone's Thankyou!!!