This is a preprint, a preliminary version of a manuscript that has not completed peer review at a journal. Research Square does not conduct peer review prior to posting preprints. The posting of a preprint on this server should not be interpreted as an endorsement of its validity or suitability for dissemination as established information or for guiding clinical practice.
A new preprint design is coming!
We have improved readability, clarity, accessibility, and opportunities for engagement.
Research
Dongzhe Liu
Shenzhen University General Hospital
Corresponding Author
License:
This work is licensed under a CC BY 4.0 License. Read Full License
The expression of NKG2D ligands (NKG2DLs), induced by stress or malignant transformation, is considered to mark dysfunctional cells for elimination by NK cells or cytotoxic lymphocytes via NKG2D/NKG2DLs pathway. ULBP1, ULBP2, and ULBP3 (ULBP1-3), three members of NKG2DLs, are common expressed in breast cancer. We analyzed the expression of ULBP1-3 in breast cancer and healthy control tissues with several databases, and found that breast cancer had a higher mRNA level of ULBP1 and ULBP2, and a higher protein level of ULBP1-3. Analysis with the bc-GenExMiner database showed that the expression of ULBP1-3 were down-regulated by the wild type P53, PR, and HER2+ in breast cancer. Except for ULBP1, ULBP2 and ULBP3 were associated with poor prognosis in breast cancer. The analysis of the correlated genes suggested that ULBP1-3 have some common pathways including NK cell-mediated cytotoxicity, microRNA in cancer, and IL-17 signaling pathway, whereas they also have their own pathways. But ULBP1-3 expression were also a significantly negative correlation with few immune markers on NK and central memory CD8+ T. The correlations and co-occurrence between ULBP1-3 and the other ligands by using TIMER and cbioportal databases showed the same form proteins or the proteins in the same family were more likely to change at the same time. Together with all these findings, increased ULBP2 and ULBP3 were correlated with poor prognosis and various markers on immune cells. These conclusions indicated that ULBP2 and ULBP3 could serve as potential biomarkers to assess prognosis and they were strong correlation with various markers in immune cells.
Keywords
breast cancer, NKG2D, NKG2D ligands, prognosis, immune cell
Figure 1
Figure 2
Figure 3
Figure 4
Figure 5
Figure 6
Figure 7
This is a list of supplementary files associated with this preprint. Click to download.
- FigS1.png
Supplemental Figure1 ULBP1-3 expression in ER and PR combinations
Loading...
Badges
Prescreen
This manuscript passed our Prescreen assessment
Complete author information
Appropriate declaration statements
Potential risks to human health
Prescreen
History
CURRENT STATUS: Posted
Version 1
Posted 14 Jun, 2021
No community comments so far
Metrics
Comments: 0
PDF Downloads: ...
HTML Views: ...
Subject Areas
Cancer Biology
Learn more about our company.
A new preprint design is coming!
We have improved readability, clarity, accessibility, and opportunities for engagement.
This is a preprint, a preliminary version of a manuscript that has not completed peer review at a journal. Research Square does not conduct peer review prior to posting preprints. The posting of a preprint on this server should not be interpreted as an endorsement of its validity or suitability for dissemination as established information or for guiding clinical practice.
Research
Dongzhe Liu
Shenzhen University General Hospital
Corresponding Author
Badges
Prescreen
This manuscript passed our Prescreen assessment
Complete author information
Appropriate declaration statements
Potential risks to human health
Prescreen
History
CURRENT STATUS: Posted
Version 1
Posted 14 Jun, 2021
No community comments so far
Metrics
Comments: 0
PDF Downloads: ...
HTML Views: ...
Subject Areas
Cancer Biology
License:
This work is licensed under a CC BY 4.0 License. Read Full License
The expression of NKG2D ligands (NKG2DLs), induced by stress or malignant transformation, is considered to mark dysfunctional cells for elimination by NK cells or cytotoxic lymphocytes via NKG2D/NKG2DLs pathway. ULBP1, ULBP2, and ULBP3 (ULBP1-3), three members of NKG2DLs, are common expressed in breast cancer. We analyzed the expression of ULBP1-3 in breast cancer and healthy control tissues with several databases, and found that breast cancer had a higher mRNA level of ULBP1 and ULBP2, and a higher protein level of ULBP1-3. Analysis with the bc-GenExMiner database showed that the expression of ULBP1-3 were down-regulated by the wild type P53, PR, and HER2+ in breast cancer. Except for ULBP1, ULBP2 and ULBP3 were associated with poor prognosis in breast cancer. The analysis of the correlated genes suggested that ULBP1-3 have some common pathways including NK cell-mediated cytotoxicity, microRNA in cancer, and IL-17 signaling pathway, whereas they also have their own pathways. But ULBP1-3 expression were also a significantly negative correlation with few immune markers on NK and central memory CD8+ T. The correlations and co-occurrence between ULBP1-3 and the other ligands by using TIMER and cbioportal databases showed the same form proteins or the proteins in the same family were more likely to change at the same time. Together with all these findings, increased ULBP2 and ULBP3 were correlated with poor prognosis and various markers on immune cells. These conclusions indicated that ULBP2 and ULBP3 could serve as potential biomarkers to assess prognosis and they were strong correlation with various markers in immune cells.
Figure 1
Figure 2
Figure 3
Figure 4
Figure 5
Figure 6
Figure 7
This is a list of supplementary files associated with this preprint. Click to download.
- FigS1.png
Supplemental Figure1 ULBP1-3 expression in ER and PR combinations
Loading...