ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
We would like to thank Dr. med. Markus Tränkle from Klinik am Rosenthal, Leipzig and all those involved in donating samples for biomedical research. The authors thank Alessa Webers and Dr. Hannah Scheiblich, from the Henneka Lab at the German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases, for their valuable help to establish the protocol for stimulation of BV-2 cells using Aβ aggregates. We thank Dr. Alexander Ewe, from the Rudolf-Boehm-Institute for Pharmacology and Toxicology at the Leipzig University, for the introduction to the NanoSight. The authors are also grateful for using the analytical facilities, in particular the scanning helium-ion microscope, at ProVIS - Centre for Chemical Microscopy at UFZ Leipzig, which is supported by European Regional Development Funds (EFRE – Europe funds Saxony) and the Helmholtz Association. Finally, we would like to thank Katrin Arnold and Annett Friedrich-Stöckigt who have shared their knowledge and experience in the MSC field. The authors also thank Eric Possardt for his support during the live cell imaging of the MSC-EVs and Dr. Thomas Grunwald for his advices and discussions. This study was supported by the High-Performance Center for Chemical and Biosystems, and co-financed with tax funds from Ministry of Saxony (Grant number 100312141). YJ was supported by the TALENTA speed up program (Confirmation date 19.12.2017) from the Fraunhofer organization and by the Fraunhofer Cluster of Excellence for Immune-mediated Diseases CIMD (Project number 601241). PR was supported by a doctoral scholarship from the medical faculty of Leipzig (Project number 990101-113).
Author contributions
Dorota Kaniowska: Conception and design, Collection and/or assembly of data, Data analysis and interpretation, Manuscript writing
Kerstin Wenk: Collection and/or assembly of data, Data analysis and interpretation, Manuscript writing
Phil Rademacher: Collection and/or assembly of data, Data analysis and interpretation
Ronald Weiss: Collection and/or assembly of data, Data analysis and interpretation
Claire Fabian: Collection and/or assembly of data, Data analysis and interpretation
Isabell Schulz: Collection and/or assembly of data, Data analysis and interpretation
Max Guthardt: Collection and/or assembly of data, Data analysis and interpretation
Franziska Lange: Administrative support, Collection and/or assembly of data, Data analysis and interpretation
Sebastian Greiser: Collection and/or assembly of data, Data analysis and interpretation
Matthias Schmidt: Collection and/or assembly of data, Data analysis and interpretation
Ulf-Dietrich Braumann: Data analysis and interpretation
Frank Emmrich: Administrative support, Financial support
Ulrike Koehl: Administrative support, Financial support
Yarúa Jaimes: Conception and design, Collection and/or assembly of data, Data analysis and interpretation, Manuscript writing
All authors contributed to the study conception and design and have read and approved the final manuscript.
Funding
This study was supported by the High-Performance Center for Chemical and Biosystems, and co-financed with tax funds from Ministry of Saxony (Grant number 100312141). YJ was supported by the TALENTA speed up program (Confirmation date 19.12.2017) from the Fraunhofer organization and by the Fraunhofer Cluster of Excellence for Immune-mediated Diseases CIMD (Project number 601241). PR was supported by a doctoral scholarship from the medical faculty of Leipzig (Project number 990101-113).
Ethical Approval
Approval to perform the study was obtained from the Ethical Commission (291-16-ek) of the University of Leipzig and after written informed consent from all the donors.
Competing interests
We have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper.
Consent to Publish
Authors are responsible for correctness of the statements provided in the manuscript.
Consent to participate
Informed consent was obtained from all individual participants included in the study.
Availability of data and materials
The datasets generated and analyzed during the current study are available from the corresponding author on reasonable request.