SECOND WAVE AND PANDEMIC SITUATION OF COVID-(2020-2021) IN BANGLADESH

— In Bangladesh, the Institute of Epidemiology, Disease Control and Research (IEDCR) reported the first COVID-19 positive patients in the country on March 8, 2020. The world health organization (WHO) declared a COVID-19 epidemic on March 11, 2020. The aim of this study was related to the situation and relation of tests, infested, recovered and death of people against COVID-19 of Bangladesh. The study was carried out from 8 March 2020 to 30 April 2021 (N=419 days) to observe the status of Bangladesh All the Spearman correlation positive with moderate to strong relation between the variables at the 0.01 level in two-tailed and the total number was n=419. The mean Spearman correlation for tests was 0.31 (range 0.553 to 0.634), for infested was 0.35 (range 0.611 to 0.880), for recovered was 0.796 (range 0.634 to 0.799), for death was 0.808 (range 0.553 to 0.880). March to December 2020 and January to February 2021, not much less than April 2021. More people infested and died in April, 2021 than previous year. This study also indicated that there is moderate to strong relation among tests, infested, recovered and death with COVID-(2020-2021).


INTRODUCTION
A new natural event of Corona Virus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) occurred in late Dec 2019 in metropolis, China, and has unfold to alternative countries declared as a world pandemic within the world [1,2]. The World Health Organization [3] declared the name of this novel coronavirus as 2019-nCoV [4], and has unfold worldwide since then, inflicting epidemic threat for the planet, conjointly in Asian nation, Bangladesh [5]. It is an infectious pandemic that recently infected more than two hundred countries in the world [6]. This virus is named Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus a pair of (SARS-CoV-2) that was called COVID-19.
On seven Gregorian calendar month 2020, the Chinese Center for sickness management, and interference known a brand-new coronavirus from a throat swab sample of a patient. The novel coronavirus was a brandnew strain that is caused by SARS-CoV-2. It belongs to the family of coronaviridae taxonomic group Sarbecovirus, genus Betacoronavirus, and order Noroviruses. it's a grampositive RNA virus ordering starting from twenty-six to thirty-two KB long, crown-shape folks with 80-160 nM in size, and next-generation sequencing, and biological process examination of the ordering exposed COVID-19 [7]. It absolutely was noticeably identical (88%) to 2 batderived SARS-like coronaviruses, and additional distant from SARS-CoV (79%), and MERS-CoV (50%) [8].
It is a scourge issue in People's Republic of Bangladesh that is breaking family relation and social bonding. within the starting, diagnostic tests were conducted by IEDCR solely, however, from last month fiftynine diagnostic facilities were opened broad therefore the infection cases square measure enhanced. Since then, tests, infestation, recovery, and death were step by step increasing, and up to now April [13,14].
The shutdown was first declared on March 26 [15]. The second lockdown was declared on April fourteen, 2021 in Bangladesh. Partial imprisonment aimed toward social disaffection could enable virus management for a few times [16]. The govt. has demoralized movement once six pm, instructing everybody to remain reception, and keep safe in home. In a very imprisonment, the governments cancel all public programs together with fiftieth July 4 [17]. In a lockdown, the governments cancel all public programs including 50th Independence Day in 2020. There are three divisions, fifty districts, and four hundred Upazila were lockdowns in May 2020. There are 8 divisions, 64 districts, and 492 Upazila were lockdowns in April 2021. In a lockdown, the product of farmers has declined sharply in a very lack of selling policy [18,29,20]. They additionally round-faced several issues to reap the boro rice because the labor value was high however the merchandise value declined [21]. The Prime Minister of People's Republic of Bangladesh proclaimed five monetary packages and a special agricultural package to overcome the economic losses caused by the fatal COVID-19.
The monetary packages are concerning USD 11.17 billion to tackle the COVID-19 in 2020. The govt has taken numerous steps to overcome the epidemic occurrence of it like identification of the alleged cases, quarantine of individuals, and isolation of infected patients, native or regional imprisonment, grant general leave from all offices for staying home of individuals, increase public awareness, enforce social distancing, stop all political, and non-secular rallies, social, cultural gatherings, and so on [22]. In a pandemic situation, the COVID-19 tests, infestation, and death were gradually increasing day by day in Bangladesh. On 20 May 2020, COVID-19 has affected 216 countries around the world. In April, more than 7.2 million new cases and 160,000 deaths were recorded in countries in the Global Humanitarian Overview a 21% increase in cases and a 32% increase in deaths from March. In countries with an interagency Humanitarian Response Plan, cases and deaths continued to increase albeit at a slower pace than March [23].
Viruses mutate, and SARS-CoV-2 is no exception. Throughout the current global crisis, SARS-CoV-2 has been mutating at a rate of about 1-2 mutations per month [24]. Some recent emerging variants, however, have accumulated significantly more mutations in short periods of time, causing concern around the globe [25]. Scientists predict that these mutant lineages of the SARS-CoV-2 strain will not be the only concerning variants that emerge, as continued uncontrolled transmission of SARS-CoV-2 in many parts of the world and selective pressures, such as vaccines, are creating ideal conditions for additional, significant virus evolution [26]. The number of cases of coronavirus has been on the rise since the new stain was received in late March 2021, but it became more dangerous in April. Falls in the new Stein give a negative result but the affected person is living in the community, so it is going to be more difficult. To control this situation, the lockdown has been given for seven days on April 14, and the lockdown has been extended again. Considering the above fact, this study focuses on the present situation of tests, infested, recovered and death of people in Bangladesh COVID-19 statistics within 2020 to 2021.

Study Period:
The COVID-19 was confirmed in Bangladesh on 8 March 2020 said Dr. Nasima Sultana, additional director general of the DGHS. The collection of data periods was from March 8, 2020 to April 30, 2021 (N=419 days).

Data Retrieval:
This study included patients with test, infested, recovered and death of COVID-19 based on a positive result of the SARS-CoV-2 test by official website information of IEDCR, DGHS, and MoHFW. Data were obtained from different medical units in the Bangladesh states that belong to 59 different institutions integrating the Bangladesh health sector. Those data cross checked from different local newspapers, online news portals were reviewed, and social network [9, 27,28]. This data analysis relates to information collected from March 8, 2020 to April 30, 2021about the outbreak handling of the COVID-19 epidemic situation in Bangladesh.
Equations: Percentage of infested, recovered and death was observed in Bangladesh during the study period. Infested, death, and recovered was calculated in percent using the following formula: Death (%) = x 100 Statistical Data Analysis: All the collected data were rechecked, coded, and entered into a database using Microsoft Excel 2016. The distributed data was used to determine the frequency with percentage, total in all data. The regression relationship was calculated on April, 2021 and statistical significance was accepted at p<0.05. The correlation of the two variables was compared using the Spearman rank correlation and statistical significance was accepted at p<0.01. All statistical analyses were performed using SPSS (Statistical Package for the Social Sciences) version 25.0 software.

The present situation of coronavirus in Bangladesh since 30 April 2021
In Bangladesh, three individuals were confirmed with COVID-19 on 8 March 2020. It is now an epidemic issue for Bangladesh which is breaking family elation, social bonding. Since then, tests, infestation, and death were gradually increasing still now. From 8 March 2020 to 30 April 2021, the situation, and the total of infested, recovered, and death was presented in Figure 1. In Bangladesh, total tests were 5357294 whereas infested, recovered, and died was 747761, 669995, and 11250 during the study period ( Figure 1).  Figure 3).

Spearman's rank order correlation among the variables
Spearman's rank order correlation was used to explore the relationship between variables (tests, infested, recovered, death) in COVID-19 of Bangladesh. There were statistically significant relationships found between variables. The results revealed positive, moderate to strong relationship between the variables at the 0.01 level in two-tailed and the total number was N=419 (  Note: **Correlation is significant at the 0.01 level (2tailed), N=419 days

Correlation between infestation people with recovered and death people since 19 June 2020
In April, 2021, maximum number (112 and 7626) of people death and infested by COVID-19. Total number of tests, infested, recovered and death number of people was more than 722 thousand, 128 thousand, 150 thousand and 2237 people in Bangladesh. A correlation study was done to establish the relationship between the infestation of people with recovered and death of people by COVID-19 in Table  2 and   [29]. The basic reproductive number R0 of SARS-Cov-2 was estimated to be 3.77, much higher than SARS-CoV (R0=2.7) and MERS-CoV (R0＜1) [30]. The affinity between SARS-CoV-2 and ACE2 receptor is 10-20 times higher than that of SARS-CoV [31]. Without a therapeutic vaccine or specific antiviral drugs, early detection and intervention for the underlying severe patients were crucial for the reduction of mortality [32]. Day by day the coronavirus has taken shape and the epidemic has taken shape. Our neighboring country India is breaking new records day by day. The COVID-19 is going from double stain to triple stain. It is effect on the agricultural sectors in the world [33]. It has high infectivity and pathogenicity. In Bangladesh, total tests, infested, recovered, and died was 5357294, 747761, 669995, and 11250 from March 8, 2020 to April 30, 2021 (N=419 days) (Figure 1). The similar results also observed from 8 March 2020 to 30 April 2021, where total tests, infested, recovered, and died was 5345294, 746161, 668315, and 13220; respectively in Bangladesh [34]. In the world, the daily tests, infestation, recovered, and death was increased quickly. Again, Bangladesh has been defeated by the United Kingdom and Africa stain. As a neighboring country and for many imports and exports, Indian Stein will easily come to our country. Mutations COVID-19 virus found in the Bangladesh that was detected in Africa, the United Kingdom and India. As a country of extreme density, if it is not health conscious and does not mean that the government has not given a lockdown, then Bangladesh will go into the situation like April. In May 2021, Public Service Commission examinations were held in the divisional cities all over Bangladesh. Where there were 450,000 students and with them were parents or their siblings or husbands. No test in Bangladesh means there will be a crowd of parents. The medical admission test was done in April 2021. It is not only necessary to give a lockdown, but also to ensure that there is no public gathering rather than a lockdown.  (Table 1). Similar results were also observed a study [38] and the mean Spearman correlation for incidence was 0.20 (range 0.66 to 0.76) and for mortality was 0.35 (range 0.75 to 0.85). It is also impact in the globalization [39]. In April, a positive correlation was observed in infested and recovered people and a negative relation found in tests and death by COVID-19 in Bangladesh (Table 2 and Figure 4). The similar results were also noted in Bangladesh and the finding were the positive correlation found between infestation with recovered and death by people (R 2 = 0.4804 and 0.3159; 0.7242 and 0.4902; 0.4432 and 0.3449, p<0.05) in April to June, 2020 (40). The COVID-19 highly pathogenic and virulent, and it feasts very rapidly over human-to-human contact that's the created the wave in the world. Bangladesh in December 2020 and April 2021, make the virus significantly more transmissible and raising prospects that the second wave could become even more dispersed. This is in stark contrast to the downward trajectory in Europe, China, and elsewhere in Asia, where the number of new cases has seen a decline ahead of an anticipated second wave (41). In China, the aggressive strategy, as the country opens up, there have been threats of a second wave, most notably in the capital city of Beijing during 2020 [42]. In Japan, has seen increasing cases in Tokyo from late May into June, but fears of it being a second wave has been dismissed by Governor Yuriko Koike during 2020 [43,44]. In Myanmar, the first wave was reported on 16 July, 2020 where the cases, and death were 374, and 6; respectively and the last local transmission was found. The second wave started on 16  Another study also was found the similar results [47]. The official numbers of infected people during the COVID-19 virus outbreak in Bangladesh are indicative of the spread of the infection. The government take necessary devise suitable policies such as total social distancing. The government already takes some steps and should take creating the training and supervision of rural and town trainees minimizing infestation in Bangladesh. We should practice protection, and awareness about COVID-19.

V. CONCLUSION
COVID-19 has spread over 64 districts of eight divisions in Bangladesh. The ongoing outbreak of COVID-19 infections has emphasized the importance of the quick and accurate 118 laboratory diagnosis to limit the spread as well as appropriately treat those patients who have a serious infection. In this situation, people should avoid public places as much as possible. It would not be right to go out without an urgent need. The government take necessary devise suitable policies such as total social distancing. If you have to go, you will have to go out after the necessary masks and return home as soon as possible after finishing work. The government should come up with new mega projects to help the poor so that Coronavirus can be kept under control.

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
The authors acknowledge their parents, siblings and teacher who is guides their study life. The first author like to avow his authenticated adulation to his ordinate respectful Sir Dr.
Chowdhury Meshkat Ahmed, Professor, Department of Cardiology, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University (BSMMU), Dhaka, Bangladesh, and Dr. Mohammad Amzad Hossain, Assistant Professor, Department of Fish Biology and Genetics, Sylhet Agricultural University for his careful suggestion and criticism which led him keeping himself in the right analysis track.
Author Contributions: This work was conducted in collaboration with all authors. Author AUK, RA, and AUK was planned, structured, wrote, revised and rechecked the manuscript thoroughly. FUK, SK and ASA were contributed to revise and improve the manuscript thoroughly. All authors reviewed carefully and approved the final version of the manuscript.