Table 1 The baseline characteristics of 91 patients with DME.
Characteristic
|
|
Age (years)
|
54 [47 – 61]
|
Male sex (%)
|
57 (62.6)
|
duration of DM (years)
|
6.00 [5.00 – 8.00]
|
SBP (mmHg)
|
135 [121 – 147]
|
DBP (mmHg)
|
83 [72 – 90]
|
HbA1c (%)
|
7.24 ± 1.56
|
TC (mmol/L)
|
5.06 ± 1.21
|
TG (mmol/L)
|
1.52 [0.94 – 2.03]
|
HDL (mmol/L)
|
1.15 [0.90 – 1.42]
|
LDL (mmol/L)
|
2.73 [2.24 – 3.39]
|
Scr
|
86.90 [62.70 – 117.00]
|
BUN
|
6.00 [5.10 – 8.30]
|
Mean BCVA (letter score)
|
45.99 ± 12.74
|
Mean CRT (μm)
|
484.65 ± 113.08
|
WBC (×109/L)
|
5.93 [4.88 – 7.48]
|
Neutrophils (×109/L)
|
3.51 [2.73 – 4.84]
|
Monocytes (×109/L)
|
0.40 [0.30 – 0.48]
|
Platelets (×109/L)
|
186.00 [140.00 – 237.00]
|
Lymphocytes (×109/L)
|
1.62 [1.29 – 1.90]
|
NLR
|
2.27 [1.72 – 2.93]
|
MLR
|
0.24 [0.18 – 0.30]
|
PLR
|
114.37 [86.02 – 146.74]
|
Data are expressed as means (SD) or median (inter-quartile range) or percentage.
DM diabetes mellitus, SBP systolic blood pressure, DBP diastolic blood pressure, WBC white blood cell, HbA1c Hemoglobin A1c, TC total cholesterol, TG triglycerides, HDL high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, LDL low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, Scr serum creatinine, BUN blood urea nitrogen, BCVA best-corrected visual acuity, CRT central retinal thickness, WBC white blood cell, NLR neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio, MLR monocyte-to-lymphocyte ratio, PLR platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio.
Table 2 Association between baseline clinical factors and changes in either BCVA or CRT at week 24.
|
Change in BVCA
|
Change in CRT
|
|
Correlation coefficient
|
P value
|
Correlation coefficient
|
P value
|
Age
|
-0.063
|
0.555
|
-0.013
|
0.903
|
duration of DM
|
0.090
|
0.394
|
0.139
|
0.189
|
SBP
|
0.018
|
0.864
|
-0.146
|
0.166
|
DBP
|
-0.012
|
0.913
|
-0.018
|
0.867
|
HbA1c
|
0.021
|
0.845
|
0.138
|
0.191
|
TC
|
0.027
|
0.800
|
0.148
|
0.161
|
TG
|
0.027
|
0.797
|
0.044
|
0.681
|
HDL
|
-0.072
|
0.499
|
0.016
|
0.880
|
LDL
|
-0.085
|
0.426
|
0.078
|
0.462
|
Scr
|
0.157
|
0.137
|
-0.006
|
0.953
|
BUN
|
0.054
|
0.610
|
-0.089
|
0.401
|
Baseline BCVA
|
-0.305
|
0.003
|
0.046
|
0.662
|
Baseline CRT
|
0.275
|
0.008
|
0.170
|
0.107
|
WBC
|
-0.166
|
0.115
|
-0.037
|
0.729
|
Neutrophils
|
-0.383
|
<0.001
|
0.061
|
0.564
|
Monocytes
|
-0.074
|
0.486
|
0.031
|
0.770
|
Platelets
|
-0.024
|
0.819
|
0.017
|
0.871
|
Lymphocytes
|
0.399
|
<0.001
|
-0.062
|
0.559
|
NLR
|
-0.660
|
<0.001
|
0.130
|
0.218
|
MLR
|
-0.392
|
<0.001
|
0.058
|
0.585
|
PLR
|
-0.335
|
0.001
|
0.045
|
0.670
|
DM diabetes mellitus, SBP systolic blood pressure, DBP diastolic blood pressure, WBC white blood cell, HbA1c Hemoglobin A1c, TC total cholesterol, TG triglycerides, HDL high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, LDL low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, Scr serum creatinine, BUN blood urea nitrogen, BCVA best-corrected visual acuity, CRT central retinal thickness, WBC white blood cell, NLR neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio, MLR monocyte-to-lymphocyte ratio, PLR platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio.
The correlation between age, SBP, DBP, TG, HDL, LDL, Scr, BUN, WBC, neutrophils, monocytes, platelets, lymphocytes, NLR, MLR, PLR and BCVA change were analyzed by Spearman’s correlation analysis, while HbA1c, TC, baseline BCVA, baseline CRT were analyzed by Pearson’s correlation analysis.
Table 3. Univariate and multivariate linear regression analyses for predicting BCVA changes in DME patients treated with IVR.
|
B
|
SE
|
β
|
T
|
P value
|
Univariate linear regression
|
Baseline BCVA
|
-0.105
|
0.033
|
-0.319
|
-3.177
|
0.002
|
Baseline CRT
|
0.010
|
0.004
|
0.280
|
2.753
|
0.007
|
Lymphocytes
|
3.049
|
0.812
|
0.370
|
3.756
|
<0.001
|
Neutrophils
|
-0.983
|
0.237
|
-0.403
|
-4.151
|
<0.001
|
NLR
|
-1.986
|
0.276
|
-0.607
|
-7.202
|
<0.001
|
MLR
|
-15.471
|
3.929
|
-0.385
|
-3.938
|
<0.001
|
PLR
|
-0.035
|
0.009
|
-0.387
|
-3.955
|
<0.001
|
Multivariate linear regression
|
Baseline BCVA
|
-0.081
|
0.027
|
-0.246
|
-3.027
|
0.003
|
NLR
|
-1.884
|
0.266
|
-0.576
|
-7.079
|
<0.001
|
SE standard error; BCVA best-corrected visual acuity; CRT central retinal thickness; NLR neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio; MLR monocyte-to-lymphocyte ratio; PLR platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio.
In multivariate linear regression using stepwise procedure, baseline BCVA and NLR were significant factors, whereas baseline CRT, lymphocytes, neutrophils, MLR, and PLR were excluded to decide final linear model.