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Huntingtin-interacting Protein 1 Promotes Vpr-induced G2 Arrest and HIV-1 Infection in Macrophages
Yoko Aida
Baton Zone Program, RIKEN Cluster for Science, Technology and Innovation Hub, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan 351-0198, Japan
Corresponding Author
ORCiD: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7400-3587
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Background: Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) modulates the host cell cycle. The HIV-1 accessory protein Vpr arrests the cell cycle at G2 phase, which is important for efficient viral replication in dividing CD4+ T cells, because the transcriptional activity of the HIV-1 long terminal repeat is most active in G2 phase. Additionally, Vpr-mediated G2 arrest likely correlates with enhanced HIV-1 infection in monocyte-derived macrophages.
Results: Here, we screened small-interfering RNA to reveal candidates that suppress Vpr-induced G2 arrest and identified Huntingtin-interacting protein 1 (HIP1) as both directly interacting with Vpr and required for efficient G2 arrest. Interestingly, HIP1 was not essential for Vpr-induced DNA double-strand breaks, which are required for activation of the DNA-damage checkpoint and G2 arrest. Furthermore, HIP1 knockdown suppressed HIV-1 infection in monocyte-derived macrophages.
Conclusions: These results suggest that HIP1 operates in the downstream step(s) of DNA-damage induction to promote Vpr-induced G2 arrest and enhances HIV-1 infection in macrophages.
Keywords
HIV-1, Vpr, G2 arrest, siRNA, CELAVIEW RS100, flow cytometry, HIP1, macrophage
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CURRENT STATUS: Under Revision
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Posted 17 Sep, 2020
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Received 03 Oct, 2020
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Received 30 Sep, 2020
Review #1 received
Received 29 Sep, 2020
Reviewer #3 agreed
On 16 Sep, 2020
Reviewers invited
Invitations sent on 15 Sep, 2020
Reviewer #1 agreed
On 15 Sep, 2020
Reviewer #2 agreed
On 15 Sep, 2020
Editor assigned
On 13 Sep, 2020
Submission checks complete
On 12 Sep, 2020
Editor invited
On 12 Sep, 2020
First submitted
On 11 Sep, 2020
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Subject Areas
Virology
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This preprint is under consideration at Retrovirology. A preprint is a preliminary version of a manuscript that has not completed peer review at a journal. Research Square does not conduct peer review prior to posting preprints. The posting of a preprint on this server should not be interpreted as an endorsement of its validity or suitability for dissemination as established information or for guiding clinical practice.
Learn more about In Review
Research
Huntingtin-interacting Protein 1 Promotes Vpr-induced G2 Arrest and HIV-1 Infection in Macrophages
Yoko Aida
Baton Zone Program, RIKEN Cluster for Science, Technology and Innovation Hub, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan 351-0198, Japan
Corresponding Author
ORCiD: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7400-3587
Badges
Prescreen
This manuscript passed our Prescreen assessment
Complete author information
Appropriate declaration statements
Potential risks to human health
Prescreen
Peer Review Timeline
CURRENT STATUS: Under Revision
Version 1
Posted 17 Sep, 2020
No community comments so far
Editorial decision: Major revision
On 04 Oct, 2020
Review #3 received
Received 03 Oct, 2020
Review #2 received
Received 30 Sep, 2020
Review #1 received
Received 29 Sep, 2020
Reviewer #3 agreed
On 16 Sep, 2020
Reviewers invited
Invitations sent on 15 Sep, 2020
Reviewer #1 agreed
On 15 Sep, 2020
Reviewer #2 agreed
On 15 Sep, 2020
Editor assigned
On 13 Sep, 2020
Submission checks complete
On 12 Sep, 2020
Editor invited
On 12 Sep, 2020
First submitted
On 11 Sep, 2020
Metrics
Comments: 0
PDF Downloads: ...
HTML Views: ...
Subject Areas
Virology
License:
This work is licensed under a CC BY 4.0 License. Read Full License
Background: Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) modulates the host cell cycle. The HIV-1 accessory protein Vpr arrests the cell cycle at G2 phase, which is important for efficient viral replication in dividing CD4+ T cells, because the transcriptional activity of the HIV-1 long terminal repeat is most active in G2 phase. Additionally, Vpr-mediated G2 arrest likely correlates with enhanced HIV-1 infection in monocyte-derived macrophages.
Results: Here, we screened small-interfering RNA to reveal candidates that suppress Vpr-induced G2 arrest and identified Huntingtin-interacting protein 1 (HIP1) as both directly interacting with Vpr and required for efficient G2 arrest. Interestingly, HIP1 was not essential for Vpr-induced DNA double-strand breaks, which are required for activation of the DNA-damage checkpoint and G2 arrest. Furthermore, HIP1 knockdown suppressed HIV-1 infection in monocyte-derived macrophages.
Conclusions: These results suggest that HIP1 operates in the downstream step(s) of DNA-damage induction to promote Vpr-induced G2 arrest and enhances HIV-1 infection in macrophages.
Figure 1
Figure 2
Figure 3
Figure 4
Figure 5