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Research Article
Geidy Rodríguez-Vera
Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México
Corresponding Author
ORCiD: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2820-9207
License:
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The Dipole Mode (DM) is the leading pattern of springtime wind-SST coupled interannual variability in the Intra-Americas Seas, characterized by SST anomalies of opposite sign between the Caribbean Sea and the Gulf of Mexico. Using the standard deviation (STD) of the wind in a Maximum Correlation Analysis (MCA), this study aims to provide a more dynamic view of the role of the atmosphere in its coupling with the SST. The MCA reveals that the positive phase of the DM is associated with an increase in atmospheric instability, while the negative phase emerges under more stable atmospheric conditions. The DM is preceded by changes in the subtropical high-pressure belt during the previous winter, particularly in the North Atlantic Subtropical High (NASH), and reflects shifts in the latitudinal position of the subtropical jet stream. The DM positive phase tends to occur after an El Niño winter, under negative North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO) conditions. El Niño modulates the DM through a weakening in the meridional pressure gradient and a southward shift of the jet stream. A negative NAO implies a weaker NASH and, therefore, a more irregular circulation over the region. Both El Niño and negative NAO conditions favor the increase in wind STD during the DM positive phase, consistent with an increment in atmospheric disturbances. The DM negative phase responds more to a positive NAO in the previous winter, revealing a stronger NASH acting as an atmospheric block, which justifies the decrease in STD and a more stable circulation.
Keywords
Intra-Americas Seas Dipole Mode, wind-SST coupled variability, NASH, Subtropical Jet Stream, NAO, ENSO.
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- 3Supplementarymaterial.docx
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CURRENT STATUS: Under Review
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Posted 29 Sep, 2021
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Received 27 Sep, 2021
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This preprint is under consideration at Climate Dynamics. A preprint is a preliminary version of a manuscript that has not completed peer review at a journal. Research Square does not conduct peer review prior to posting preprints. The posting of a preprint on this server should not be interpreted as an endorsement of its validity or suitability for dissemination as established information or for guiding clinical practice.
Learn more about In Review
Research Article
Geidy Rodríguez-Vera
Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México
Corresponding Author
ORCiD: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2820-9207
Badges
Prescreen
This manuscript passed our Prescreen assessment
Complete author information
Appropriate declaration statements
Potential risks to human health
Prescreen
Peer Review Timeline
CURRENT STATUS: Under Review
Version 1
Posted 29 Sep, 2021
No community comments so far
Reviews received
Received 27 Sep, 2021
Reviewers invited
Invitations sent on 26 Sep, 2021
Editor assigned
On 03 Aug, 2021
First submitted
On 01 Aug, 2021
Metrics
Comments: 0
PDF Downloads: ...
HTML Views: ...
License:
This work is licensed under a CC BY 4.0 License. Read Full License
The Dipole Mode (DM) is the leading pattern of springtime wind-SST coupled interannual variability in the Intra-Americas Seas, characterized by SST anomalies of opposite sign between the Caribbean Sea and the Gulf of Mexico. Using the standard deviation (STD) of the wind in a Maximum Correlation Analysis (MCA), this study aims to provide a more dynamic view of the role of the atmosphere in its coupling with the SST. The MCA reveals that the positive phase of the DM is associated with an increase in atmospheric instability, while the negative phase emerges under more stable atmospheric conditions. The DM is preceded by changes in the subtropical high-pressure belt during the previous winter, particularly in the North Atlantic Subtropical High (NASH), and reflects shifts in the latitudinal position of the subtropical jet stream. The DM positive phase tends to occur after an El Niño winter, under negative North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO) conditions. El Niño modulates the DM through a weakening in the meridional pressure gradient and a southward shift of the jet stream. A negative NAO implies a weaker NASH and, therefore, a more irregular circulation over the region. Both El Niño and negative NAO conditions favor the increase in wind STD during the DM positive phase, consistent with an increment in atmospheric disturbances. The DM negative phase responds more to a positive NAO in the previous winter, revealing a stronger NASH acting as an atmospheric block, which justifies the decrease in STD and a more stable circulation.
Figure 1
Figure 2
Figure 3
Figure 4
Figure 5
Figure 6
Figure 7
Figure 8
Figure 9
Figure 10
Figure 11
Figure 12
This is a list of supplementary files associated with this preprint. Click to download.
- 3Supplementarymaterial.docx
Supplementary Material
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