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Research Article
Tang Hao
Leshan Normal University
Corresponding Author
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Bacillus is an excellent organic matter degrader, and it has exhibited various abilities required for lignocellulose degradation. Several B. velezensis strains encode lignocellulosases and however their usefulness based on their ability to transform biomass has not been appreciated. In the present study, genomic, comprehensive comparative genomic and secretomic analyses were used to clarify the lignocellulose-degrading potential of these bacteria. The complete genomes of 20 B. velezensis strains and an endophytic strain, B. velezensis LC1, were analysed to find common and unique genes encoding carbohydrate-active enzymes (CAZymes) and evaluate their potentials to degrade lignocellulose. By comparative whole genomic and CAZyomic analyses of all 21 strains, we identified genes coding for lignocellulolytic enzymes with the potential to degrade cellulose and hemicellulose. Further identification of the secretome of B. velezensis LC1 by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) confirmed that a considerable number of proteins in the culture medium are involved in lignocellulose degradation, including endoglucanase, hemicellulases, and other related proteins. Moreover, assays of the activities of several lignocellulolytic enzymes show that these enzymes are more active in bamboo powder compared to glucose substrates. After a 6-day treatment, the degradation efficiencies of cellulose, hemicellulose and lignin from bamboo powder were 59.90%, 75.44% and 23.41%, respectively. The hydrolysate was subjected to ethanol fermentation with Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Escherichia coli KO11, yielding 10.44 g/L ethanol after 96 h. These findings indicate that B. velezensis LC1, efficiently degrades bamboo lignocellulose components, allowing for subsequent ethanol production.
Keywords
comparative genomics, secretome, lignocellulose, bamboo, bioethanol
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This is a list of supplementary files associated with this preprint. Click to download.
- FigureS1.tif
Additional file 4: Figure S1. Gene Ontology (GO) annotation of the identified proteins in bamboo powder substrate. (tif)
- FigureS2.tif
Additional file 5: Figure S2. Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) annotation of the identified proteins in bamboo powder substrate. (tif)
- TableS1.xls
Additional file 1: Table S1. Genomic informations of the 21 Bacillus velezensis strains. (xls)
- TableS2.xls
Additional file 2: Table S2. Numbers of annotated genes for the GH, GT, CE, PL, and AA families in 21 Bacillus velezensis genomes. (xls)
- TableS3.xls
Additional file 3: Table S3. Secretome analysis of B. velezensis LC1 in the presence of bamboo powder substrate. (xls)
- TableS4.xls
Additional file 6: Table S4. Original output data of LC-MS/MS. (xls)
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This preprint is under consideration at Archives of Microbiology. A preprint is a preliminary version of a manuscript that has not completed peer review at a journal. Research Square does not conduct peer review prior to posting preprints. The posting of a preprint on this server should not be interpreted as an endorsement of its validity or suitability for dissemination as established information or for guiding clinical practice.
Learn more about In Review
Research Article
Tang Hao
Leshan Normal University
Corresponding Author
Badges
Prescreen
This manuscript passed our Prescreen assessment
Complete author information
Appropriate declaration statements
Potential risks to human health
Prescreen
Peer Review Timeline
CURRENT STATUS: Under Review
Version 2
Posted 19 Mar, 2021
No community comments so far
Reviewers invited
Invitations sent on 07 Mar, 2021
Review #? received
Received 07 Mar, 2021
First submitted
On 05 Mar, 2021
Editor assigned
On 05 Mar, 2021
Subject Areas
General Microbiology
License:
This work is licensed under a CC BY 4.0 License. Read Full License
Bacillus is an excellent organic matter degrader, and it has exhibited various abilities required for lignocellulose degradation. Several B. velezensis strains encode lignocellulosases and however their usefulness based on their ability to transform biomass has not been appreciated. In the present study, genomic, comprehensive comparative genomic and secretomic analyses were used to clarify the lignocellulose-degrading potential of these bacteria. The complete genomes of 20 B. velezensis strains and an endophytic strain, B. velezensis LC1, were analysed to find common and unique genes encoding carbohydrate-active enzymes (CAZymes) and evaluate their potentials to degrade lignocellulose. By comparative whole genomic and CAZyomic analyses of all 21 strains, we identified genes coding for lignocellulolytic enzymes with the potential to degrade cellulose and hemicellulose. Further identification of the secretome of B. velezensis LC1 by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) confirmed that a considerable number of proteins in the culture medium are involved in lignocellulose degradation, including endoglucanase, hemicellulases, and other related proteins. Moreover, assays of the activities of several lignocellulolytic enzymes show that these enzymes are more active in bamboo powder compared to glucose substrates. After a 6-day treatment, the degradation efficiencies of cellulose, hemicellulose and lignin from bamboo powder were 59.90%, 75.44% and 23.41%, respectively. The hydrolysate was subjected to ethanol fermentation with Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Escherichia coli KO11, yielding 10.44 g/L ethanol after 96 h. These findings indicate that B. velezensis LC1, efficiently degrades bamboo lignocellulose components, allowing for subsequent ethanol production.
Figure 1
Figure 2
Figure 3
Figure 4
Figure 5
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