Neutron's basic Mass

: I n Quantum Physics the Spin of an elementary particle is deﬁned to be an „intrinsic, inherent“ property. The same to the magnetic moment ( μ ) due to the spin of charged particles - like Electron (m e ) and Muon (m u ). So the intrinsic spin (S) of the electron entails a magnetic moment. However, a magnetic moment of a charged particle can also be generated by a circular motion of an electric charge (e), forming a current. Hence the „orbital motion of charge“ around a „mass-nucleus“ generates a magnetic moment by Ampère’s law. This concept leads to an alternative way calculating the neutrino mass (m ν ) while discussing the beta decay of a neutron into fragments: proton, electron, neutrino and kinetic energy - now based on the change of magnetic moments during the process. This alternative calculation gives m ν = 0.10(20)eV.


Introduction
From Ampère's law point of view pure restmass without charge can not generate a magnetic moment. Surprisingly the charge-less-neutron shows a magnetic moment on the contrary. Thus the neutron must have an internal dynamic (quark based) charge-action from a positive and negative part.
Elementary particles like electron and muon and fundamental particles like proton, and neutron (and neutrino) obey the wave-particle behaviour as nature's fundamental fact. The "anyhow" contradicting picture is a concept in todays quantum physics and at least a "completed" one already shown by Einsteins famous equation (1) : 1.
Here using the Compton wavelength (λ=c/f) instead of frequency (f). The Compton wavelength (1) ( λ ) is a quantum mechanical wave like parameter of a massive quantum entity defined by mass (m) velocity of light (c) and Planck constant (h).
1.1 "The wavelength (λ) was introduced by Arthur Compton in his explanation of the scattering of photons by electrons (a process known as Compton scattering)." (2) Let us (instead of lambda) introduce an equivalent particle like parameter r GN by the following hypothesis only to switch from wave picture into a particle picture (3) : Hint: G indicates a necessary still missing (General Relativity) (3) theoretical fundament concerning the derivation of mass from theory and N formally indicates an intrinsic Quantum Number which respects the quantisation of mass of elementary and fundamental particles.
So this rGN is also related to the mass of the particle under investigation as well as the Compton wavelength does. So rGN is nothing new from the Einstein-Compton point of view but there is a particle picture behind rGN now.

Result:
The magnetic moment (µ) formula (1.4, figure 1) due to the rGN-value allows to assume an orbit of a charge (e) with velocity (c/2) due to a spin-massradius (gs*rGN) of a non point like particle coming up with a magnetic moment (µ) if we use Ampère's law. The two formulae above show an important energy based effect: If in (1.3) the mass (m) increases (rGN) decreases because the spin remains constant. If in (1.4) (rGN) decreases then the magnetic moment (µ) decreases. This has to be respected within the beta-decay process.

Thus from the energy point of view if the magnetic moment decreases then mass-energy increases and vice versa to keep total energy constant.
My first private attempt to compare rGN based magnetic moments with those given from codata is shown in table 1. Table 1 Landé Factor gs-numbers, gi calculated from magnetic moment-experiment values (μi), while using rGNi (from Spin formula 1.3, not shown here ). Then compared with the alternative determined (gi-Codata, last column) of four particles: electron and muon and proton and neutron. (rGN-proton fits without using the quark-model! The neutron fails.)

Conclusion:
1. The Codata gi-results go confirm with the calculated gi-numbers when using the rGNi concept for proton and electron.
2. The particle picture and Ampère's law are successful. There is a mismatch only concerning the neutron.
3. This rGN-model based results excludes the point particle hypothesis for electron.

Remark:
Why a mismatch for the neutron?
The reason for the neutron mismatch is due to neutrons structure. The neutron is not a simple "union" (2.00 -5.58=-3.58) of proton-particle-rGN(p) with electron-particle-rGN(e) building a neutron rGN(n) (-3.82). This fails because the magnetic moments can not be combined in a simple additive way. However, we know that the neutron decays into a proton rGN(p), electron rGN(e) and neutrino (rGN(neutrino)) in accordance with Fermi's 1934 theory of beta decay.

The new data from 2020
We "use" rG instead of rGN now and assume that the spin based proton-rGp(S) radius (1.3) is not (much) affected during the process of beta decay -thus mass, radius and magnetic moment of the proton (m p , r Gp and μ p ) remain the same during the beta decay process and specially after decay.
This assumption simplifies the discussion in so fare as we do not need the deeper going quark model to be taken into account concerning the proton's fit! During the decay process we must accept the proton and electron preparation is completed before releasing.
Of course the magnetic moment should be based on the quark model on the level of the constituent quarks. The result is almost identical to the measured values but theoretically not completed (5) . Thus our simplified discussion is helpful for the moment as a first step of this common alternative way.

No difference in the radius from Spin and magnetic moment for proton is a theoretical and experimental fact!
Not so for the neutron. We have a dramatical change of the magnetic moment: μn =-9.6623..E-27J/T=(μen+ μpn) assuming a "captured" electron and proton compared with a free electrons μe (-9.2846..E-24J/T) and free protons μp (+1.4106..E-26J/T) after the decay -not forgetting the neutrino.
The neutron magnetic moment exists because of the "inner" neutron(quark) interaction before beta day. The proton(quark)-electron interaction appears when using the inverse beta-decay result. The captured electron gets a significant smaller circular radius during the process by interaction of two different charge values, thus reducing the μe-value to come up with neutrons μn-value, now made from neutrons quarks.

Neutron:
Restmass: mn=1.67492749804E-27kg. Here is the explanation why m v can be derived from Ampère's law:  Notice: Ampère's law combined with a particle-picture leads to a new way to calculate the non-magnetic-neutrino mass based on the change of magnetic moments during the beta-decay (and before and after). But the accuracy of the experimental values need to be increased significantly concerning the neutron data.