Technical assistance for the building of a distant learning environment for learning English is provided by the advancement of information technology and the educational information process. People are still getting used to online teaching method, and it is becoming more widely accepted. This article presents an optimization approach for English teaching mode in colleges based on 5G technology to overcome the constraints of the existing college English teaching mode and to increase the service scope of 5G technology. This optimization technique deviates from standard college English teaching methods and incorporates 5G technology, which significantly enhances the intelligence of English classrooms in colleges. At the same time, the optimization method may improve the quality of English teaching at colleges in a variety of ways, and implement the teaching principle of "teach students according to their ability" in a complete and systematic way. We propose an energy-efficient routing protocol for efficiently transmitting the educational data to the receiver. Also, we employ Bat Optimization Algorithm (BOA) for optimization of the transmission process. process. The students' cognitive abilities are examined. The findings demonstrate that the optimization method may not only overcome the limits of the English model in colleges, but also expand the service reach of 5G technology, therefore improving students' cognitive abilities such as listening, speaking, reading, and writing ability in various dimensions.