Rice (Oriza sativa) | Shoot weight, root weight, total weight. | qRST9.14 | (Mai et al. 2021) |
Plant height, shoot length, number of productive tillers, panicle length, dry shoot weight, root volume, yield, biomass, root/shoot ratio, seed P content. | qPH8, qSL8, qNPT8, qPL8, qDSW1, qDSW8, qRV7, qRV8, qSY8, qBiomass1, qBiomass8, qr1, qr8, qseedP1, qseedP7, qseedP8 | (Kale et al. 2021) |
Relative shoot dry weight, relative total dry weight, relative root length, relative root-to-shoot ratio. | qTPDE4XB | (Zhang et al. 2018) |
Dry shoot weight, dry root weight, total dry weight traits. | qRPUUE9.16 | (To et al. 2020) |
Maize (Zea mays) | Root dried weight, P uptake efficiency, P usage efficiency, seminal root length, seminal root number, P usage efficiency, P uptake efficiency. | Cl-bin3.04a, Cl-bin3.04b | (Gu et al. 2016) |
Root length, root diameter, surface area of fine roots, root:shoot ratio. | qRL8.05, qRD1.03, qRD4.05, qRD7.02, qSA2_10.03, qRS1.07, qRS3.06 | (Azevedo et al. 2015) |
APase activity in root, APase activity in rhizosphere soil. | BBAPR2a, BBAPR3a, HCAPR2a, HCAPR3a, HCAPR4a, HCAPR9a, HCAPR2a, HCAPR5a, HCAPR7a, HCAPR8a, HCAPS1a-c, HCAPS3a, HCAPS5a, HCAPS9a-b, HCAPS10a | (Qiu et al. 2014) |
H+ secretion. | nlg2228-bnlg100 | (Chen et al. 2011) |
Grain yield, leaf area, leaf length, leaf width, chlorophyll level, flowering time, anthesis silking interval. | qPGY4, qPGY5, qPGY7 qPLA3, qPLA4, qPLA6, qPLA9, qPLA10, qPLL2-1, qPLL2-2, qPLL6, qPLW9, qPSPAD4, qPSPAD6, qPSPAD7, qPFT2, qPFT4, qPASI4 | (Cai et al. 2012) |
Shoot dry weight, root dry weight, total root surface area, total root length, axial root length, axial root number. | qSDW16-1, qSDW18-1, qSDW110-1, qSDW29-1, qSDW35-1, qRDW16-1, qRDW26-1, qRDW29-1, qRDW110-1, qRDW210-1*, qTRSA14-1, qTRSA16-1, qTRSA17-1, TRSA21-1, qTRSA110-1, qTRL11-1, qTRL14-1, qTRL16-1, qTRL17-1, qTRL19-1, qTRL21-1, qTRL110-1, qARL21-1, qARL22-1, qARL26-1, qARL28-1, qARL210-1, qARL35-1, qARL36-1, qARL310-1, qARN16-1, qARN110-1, qARN26-1, qARN210-1, qARN310-1 | (Cai et al. 2012) |
Wheat (Triticum aestivum) | Plant height, spike length, spike number per plant, grain number per spike. | QPh-6D, QSl-7D.2, QSn-5A.1, QGn-7B | (Yuan et al. 2017) |
Root dried weight, maximum root length. | qRDW.LP-4B, qMRL.LP-2B, qMRL.LP-5A, qMRL.LP-6B, qMRL.LP-7B | (Ren et al. 2017) |
Rhizosheath size. | D_contig14507_369, Excalibur_c14216_692, Ex_c70232_336, GENE-2724_97, BobWhite_c8579_56 | (James et al. 2016) |
Rhizosheath size. | Tdurum_contig14482_423, wsnp_Ex_rep_c67296_65839761, IACX5879, BS00068710_51, IAAV7384, BobWhite_rep_c49790_351 | (Delhaize et al. 2015) |
Root length, root volume, root tip number, root surface area, shoot dry weight, root dry weight, total dry weight, ratio root to shoot dry weight. | QRL.caas-6BL, QRL.caas-7BL, QRL.caas-7AL, QRL.caas-7AS.2, QRV.caas-7AS, QRTN.caas-2BL, QRTN.caas-7BL, QRTN.caas-7AL, QRTN.caas-2DL, QRTN.caas-7AS, QRTN.caas-3DL, QROSA.caas-7AS, QSDW.caas-6BL, QSDW.caas-6DS, QSDW.caas-3AS, QSDW.caas-3DL, QRDW.caas-4BS, QRDW.caas-4DS, QRDW.caas-3AS, QRDW.caas-4BS, QTDW.caas-4BS, QRRS.caas-4BS.1, QRRS.caas-4DS, QRRS.caas-4BS.2, QRRS.caas-4DS | (Yang et al. 2021) |
Biomass. | Wmc44, Barc045, Nw3071, Nw2245, Nw2703, Barc286, Wmc525 | (Ryan et al. 2015) |
Plant height. | QPh-2D, QPh-4B | (Xu et al. 2014) |
Shoot length, thousand kernel weight, kernel weight per spike, total spiklet number per spike, sterile pikelet number per spike, harvest index, spikelet compactness, grain nitrogen concentration, straw nitrogen uptake, N utilization efficiency for grain yield, plant height, maximal root length, axial root number, stem and leaf dry weight, seedling dry weight, stem and leaf P utilization efficiency, root P utilization efficiency, shoot P utilization efficiency, stem and leave P content. | QSl-2D, QTkw-3B, QTkw-3B.1, QTkw-4D, QKws-6A, QTss-7A, QSss-2D, QHi-4B, QScn-2D, QGnc-6A, QSnup-5A.1, QNUtEGY-4D, QNUtEGY-6A, QPH-1D, QPH-3A, QPH-3B.2, QPH-5D, QPH-7B.1, QRL-1A, QRL-5B, QRL-7A, QRN-2B.1, QRN-2B.2, QSLDW-1D, QSLDW-4D, QSLDW-5D-1, QSDW-1D, QSDW-3B, QSDW-5D, QSLPU-2B, QSLPU-5A.1, QRPU-4B, QRPU-7B, QSPU-2B, QSLPC-2B, QSLPC-3A | (Zhang, Wang 2015) |
Soybean (Glycine max) | P use efficiency, root dry weight, total dry weight, plant height, P concentration. | q4-2 | (Zhang et al. 2016) |
Individual seed weight, intact pod weight, seed volume, seed protein. | SeedwtQTL4.1, SeedwtQTL4.3, SeedwtQTL6.1, PodwtQTL4.2, VolQTL6.2, ProtQTL20.1 | (Hacisalihoglu et al. 2018) |
100-seed weight. | qSW17-2, | (Wu et al. 2020) |
Barley (Hordeum vulgare) | Grain P concentration, straw P concentration, plant P concentration, grain P uptake, straw P uptake, plant P uptake, grain P utilization efficiency, straw P utilization efficiency, plant P utilization efficiency, grain yield, straw yield, dry matter. | Qgpc.sau-3H, Qspc.sau-3H, Qspc.sau-7H, Qpc.sau-3H, Qgpup.sau-1H, Qspup.sau-3H, Qpup.sau-1H, Qgpue.sau-3H, Qspue.sau-7H, Qpue.sau-3H, Qgy.sau-5H, 7H, Qsy.sau-3H, Qdm.sau-3H, Qdm.sau-5H, Qdm.sau-7H | (Gao et al. 2020) |
Total root length, total root surface area, total root volume, adventitious root length, adventitious root surface area, adventitious root volume, lateral root length, lateral root surface area, lateral root volume, lateral root length. | Qtrl.sau-7H.01, Qtrl.sau-7H.02, Qtrl.sau-4H.01, Qtrsa.sau-4H.01, Qtrsa.sau-7H.01, Qtrsa.sau-4H.02, Qtrsa.sau-3H.01, Qtrv.sau-3H.01, Qarl.sau-4H.01, Qarl.sau-3H.01, Qarl.sau-3H.02, Qarsa.sau-4H.01, Qarsa.sau-3H.01, Qarv.sau-4H.01, Qlrl.sau-2H.01, Qlrsa.sau-4H.01, Qlrsa.sau-2H.01, Qlrv.sau-3H.01, Qlrl.sau-4H.01, Qlrl.sau-2H.01 | (Guo et al. 2018) (Shang-Qing et al. 2018) |
Sorghum (Sorghum bicolor) | Grain yield, root diameter, surface area of fine roots between 1-2 mm in diameter. | Gy-1, Gy-3, Gy-4.1, Gy-4.2, Gy-6.1, Gy-6.2, Gy-6.3, Gy-9, SA2-3, SA2-8, RD-5, Gy/SA2-3, RD/SA2-2, Gy/RD-7 | (Bernardino et al. 2019) |
Bean (Phaseolus vulgaris) | N fixation, yield components, phenological, photosynthetic. | %Ndfa7.1, TNdfa7.1, TNdfa8.1, TNdfs8.1, SdN2.1, SdN2.2, SdN7.1, SdN_ha 2.1, SdN_ha 7.1, SdCN2.1, SdCN7.1, PHI4.1, PHI5.1, PHI5.2, SBH2.1, SBH5.1, SBH11.2, SdC4.1, SdC6.1, Yd2.1, Yd7.1, Yd7.2, PNA2.1, PNA4.1, PNA4.2, PNA6.1, SdNA2.1, SdNA6.1, SdNA6.2, 100SdW2.1, 100SdW6.1, 100SdW6.2, 100SdW9.1, 100SdW9.2, DF4.1, DF5.1, DF5.2, DF5.3, DF5.4, DF11.1, DF11.2,, SCMR_f3.1, SCMR_f3.2, SCMR_f4.1, SCMR_f6.1, SCMR_f6.2, SCMR_f6.3, SCMR_m2.1, SCMR_m6.1, SCMR_m6.2, FVFM11.3 | (Diaz et al. 2017) |
The studies described were limited to experiments carried out under greenhouse or field conditions. Abbreviations: P, phosphorus; N, nitrogen. *These QTLs are changed according to developmental stage. |