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Research article
Urszula Wachowska
University of Warmia and Masury
Corresponding Author
ORCiD: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9043-6128
License:
This work is licensed under a CC BY 4.0 License. Read Full License
Background: Yeasts, which are ubiquitous in agroecosystems, are known to degrade various xenobiotics. The aim of this study was to analyze the effect of fungicides on the abundance of natural yeast communities colonizing winter wheat leaves, to evaluate the sensitivity of yeast isolates to fungicides in vivo, and to select yeasts that degrade propiconazole.
Results: Fungicides applied during the growing season generally did not affect the counts of endophytic yeasts colonizing wheat leaves. Propiconazole and a commercial mixture of flusilazole and carbendazim decreased the counts of epiphytic yeasts, but the size of the yeast community was restored after 10 days. Epoxiconazole and a commercial mixture of fluoxastrobin and prothioconazole clearly stimulated epiphyte growth. The predominant species isolated from leaves were Aureobasidium pullulans and Rhodotorula glutinis . In the disk diffusion test, 14 out of 75 yeast isolates were not sensitive to any of the tested fungicides. After 48 hours of incubation in an aqueous solution of propiconazole, the Rhodotorula glutinis Rg 55 isolate degraded the fungicide in 75%. Isolates Rh. glutinis Rg 92 and Rg 55 minimized the phytotoxic effects of propiconazole under greenhouse conditions. The first isolate contributed to an increase in the dry matter content of wheat seedlings, whereas the other reduced the severity of chlorosis.
Conclusion: Not sensitivity of many yeast colonizing wheat leaves on the fungicides and the potential of isolate Rhodotorula glutinis Rg 55 to degrade of propiconazole was established. Yeast may partially eliminate the ecologically negative effect of fungicides.
Keywords
wheat leaves, fungicide, Aureobasidium, Rhodotorula
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CURRENT STATUS: Published
View the published article at BMC Microbiology.
Version 2
Posted 15 Jan, 2020
No community comments so far
Editorial decision: Minor revision
On 14 May, 2020
Review #2 received
Received 08 May, 2020
Reviewer #2 agreed
On 17 Apr, 2020
Review #1 received
Received 10 Feb, 2020
Reviewer #1 agreed
On 29 Jan, 2020
Reviewers invited
Invitations sent on 28 Jan, 2020
Editor assigned
On 24 Jan, 2020
Editor invited
On 23 Jan, 2020
Submission checks complete
On 14 Jan, 2020
No comments provided
Review #3 received
Received 16 Dec, 2019
Editorial decision: Major revision
On 16 Dec, 2019
Reviewer #3 agreed
On 11 Dec, 2019
Review #2 received
Received 28 Nov, 2019
Reviewer #2 agreed
On 13 Nov, 2019
Review #1 received
Received 18 Oct, 2019
Reviewer #1 agreed
On 08 Oct, 2019
Reviewers invited
Invitations sent on 21 Jun, 2019
Submission checks complete
On 31 May, 2019
Editor invited
On 22 May, 2019
Editor assigned
On 22 May, 2019
First submitted
On 16 May, 2019
Metrics
Comments: 0
PDF Downloads: ...
HTML Views: ...
Subject Areas
General Microbiology
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See the published version of this preprint at BMC Microbiology.
This is a preprint, a preliminary version of a manuscript that has not completed peer review at a journal. Research Square does not conduct peer review prior to posting preprints. The posting of a preprint on this server should not be interpreted as an endorsement of its validity or suitability for dissemination as established information or for guiding clinical practice.
Learn more about In Review
Research article
Urszula Wachowska
University of Warmia and Masury
Corresponding Author
ORCiD: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9043-6128
Badges
Prescreen
This manuscript passed our Prescreen assessment
Complete author information
Appropriate declaration statements
Potential risks to human health
Prescreen
Peer Review Timeline
CURRENT STATUS: Published
View the published article at BMC Microbiology.
Version 2
Posted 15 Jan, 2020
No community comments so far
Editorial decision: Minor revision
On 14 May, 2020
Review #2 received
Received 08 May, 2020
Reviewer #2 agreed
On 17 Apr, 2020
Review #1 received
Received 10 Feb, 2020
Reviewer #1 agreed
On 29 Jan, 2020
Reviewers invited
Invitations sent on 28 Jan, 2020
Editor assigned
On 24 Jan, 2020
Editor invited
On 23 Jan, 2020
Submission checks complete
On 14 Jan, 2020
No comments provided
Review #3 received
Received 16 Dec, 2019
Editorial decision: Major revision
On 16 Dec, 2019
Reviewer #3 agreed
On 11 Dec, 2019
Review #2 received
Received 28 Nov, 2019
Reviewer #2 agreed
On 13 Nov, 2019
Review #1 received
Received 18 Oct, 2019
Reviewer #1 agreed
On 08 Oct, 2019
Reviewers invited
Invitations sent on 21 Jun, 2019
Submission checks complete
On 31 May, 2019
Editor invited
On 22 May, 2019
Editor assigned
On 22 May, 2019
First submitted
On 16 May, 2019
Metrics
Comments: 0
PDF Downloads: ...
HTML Views: ...
Subject Areas
General Microbiology
License:
This work is licensed under a CC BY 4.0 License. Read Full License
View the published article at BMC Microbiology.
Background: Yeasts, which are ubiquitous in agroecosystems, are known to degrade various xenobiotics. The aim of this study was to analyze the effect of fungicides on the abundance of natural yeast communities colonizing winter wheat leaves, to evaluate the sensitivity of yeast isolates to fungicides in vivo, and to select yeasts that degrade propiconazole.
Results: Fungicides applied during the growing season generally did not affect the counts of endophytic yeasts colonizing wheat leaves. Propiconazole and a commercial mixture of flusilazole and carbendazim decreased the counts of epiphytic yeasts, but the size of the yeast community was restored after 10 days. Epoxiconazole and a commercial mixture of fluoxastrobin and prothioconazole clearly stimulated epiphyte growth. The predominant species isolated from leaves were Aureobasidium pullulans and Rhodotorula glutinis . In the disk diffusion test, 14 out of 75 yeast isolates were not sensitive to any of the tested fungicides. After 48 hours of incubation in an aqueous solution of propiconazole, the Rhodotorula glutinis Rg 55 isolate degraded the fungicide in 75%. Isolates Rh. glutinis Rg 92 and Rg 55 minimized the phytotoxic effects of propiconazole under greenhouse conditions. The first isolate contributed to an increase in the dry matter content of wheat seedlings, whereas the other reduced the severity of chlorosis.
Conclusion: Not sensitivity of many yeast colonizing wheat leaves on the fungicides and the potential of isolate Rhodotorula glutinis Rg 55 to degrade of propiconazole was established. Yeast may partially eliminate the ecologically negative effect of fungicides.
Figure 1
Figure 2
Figure 3
Figure 4
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