Wheat phyllosphere yeasts degrade propiconazole
Background: Yeasts, which are ubiquitous in agroecosystems, are known to degrade various xenobiotics. The aim of this study was to analyze the effect of fungicides on the abundance of natural yeast communities colonizing winter wheat leaves, to evaluate the sensitivity of yeast isolates to fungicides in vivo, and to select yeasts that degrade propiconazole.
Results: Fungicides applied during the growing season generally did not affect the counts of endophytic yeasts colonizing wheat leaves. Propiconazole and a commercial mixture of flusilazole and carbendazim decreased the counts of epiphytic yeasts, but the size of the yeast community was restored after 10 days. Epoxiconazole and a commercial mixture of fluoxastrobin and prothioconazole clearly stimulated epiphyte growth. The predominant species isolated from leaves were Aureobasidium pullulans and Rhodotorula glutinis . In the disk diffusion test, 14 out of 75 yeast isolates were not sensitive to any of the tested fungicides. After 48 hours of incubation in an aqueous solution of propiconazole, the Rhodotorula glutinis Rg 55 isolate degraded the fungicide in 75%. Isolates Rh. glutinis Rg 92 and Rg 55 minimized the phytotoxic effects of propiconazole under greenhouse conditions. The first isolate contributed to an increase in the dry matter content of wheat seedlings, whereas the other reduced the severity of chlorosis.
Conclusion: Not sensitivity of many yeast colonizing wheat leaves on the fungicides and the potential of isolate Rhodotorula glutinis Rg 55 to degrade of propiconazole was established. Yeast may partially eliminate the ecologically negative effect of fungicides.
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Posted 15 Jan, 2020
On 05 Aug, 2020
On 14 May, 2020
Received 08 May, 2020
On 17 Apr, 2020
Received 10 Feb, 2020
On 29 Jan, 2020
Invitations sent on 28 Jan, 2020
On 24 Jan, 2020
On 23 Jan, 2020
On 14 Jan, 2020
Received 16 Dec, 2019
On 16 Dec, 2019
On 11 Dec, 2019
Received 28 Nov, 2019
On 13 Nov, 2019
Received 18 Oct, 2019
On 08 Oct, 2019
Invitations sent on 21 Jun, 2019
On 31 May, 2019
On 22 May, 2019
On 22 May, 2019
On 16 May, 2019
Wheat phyllosphere yeasts degrade propiconazole
Posted 15 Jan, 2020
On 05 Aug, 2020
On 14 May, 2020
Received 08 May, 2020
On 17 Apr, 2020
Received 10 Feb, 2020
On 29 Jan, 2020
Invitations sent on 28 Jan, 2020
On 24 Jan, 2020
On 23 Jan, 2020
On 14 Jan, 2020
Received 16 Dec, 2019
On 16 Dec, 2019
On 11 Dec, 2019
Received 28 Nov, 2019
On 13 Nov, 2019
Received 18 Oct, 2019
On 08 Oct, 2019
Invitations sent on 21 Jun, 2019
On 31 May, 2019
On 22 May, 2019
On 22 May, 2019
On 16 May, 2019
Background: Yeasts, which are ubiquitous in agroecosystems, are known to degrade various xenobiotics. The aim of this study was to analyze the effect of fungicides on the abundance of natural yeast communities colonizing winter wheat leaves, to evaluate the sensitivity of yeast isolates to fungicides in vivo, and to select yeasts that degrade propiconazole.
Results: Fungicides applied during the growing season generally did not affect the counts of endophytic yeasts colonizing wheat leaves. Propiconazole and a commercial mixture of flusilazole and carbendazim decreased the counts of epiphytic yeasts, but the size of the yeast community was restored after 10 days. Epoxiconazole and a commercial mixture of fluoxastrobin and prothioconazole clearly stimulated epiphyte growth. The predominant species isolated from leaves were Aureobasidium pullulans and Rhodotorula glutinis . In the disk diffusion test, 14 out of 75 yeast isolates were not sensitive to any of the tested fungicides. After 48 hours of incubation in an aqueous solution of propiconazole, the Rhodotorula glutinis Rg 55 isolate degraded the fungicide in 75%. Isolates Rh. glutinis Rg 92 and Rg 55 minimized the phytotoxic effects of propiconazole under greenhouse conditions. The first isolate contributed to an increase in the dry matter content of wheat seedlings, whereas the other reduced the severity of chlorosis.
Conclusion: Not sensitivity of many yeast colonizing wheat leaves on the fungicides and the potential of isolate Rhodotorula glutinis Rg 55 to degrade of propiconazole was established. Yeast may partially eliminate the ecologically negative effect of fungicides.
Figure 1
Figure 2
Figure 3
Figure 4