This is a preprint, a preliminary version of a manuscript that has not completed peer review at a journal. Research Square does not conduct peer review prior to posting preprints. The posting of a preprint on this server should not be interpreted as an endorsement of its validity or suitability for dissemination as established information or for guiding clinical practice.
Research Article
Hong-You Zhou
Inner Mongolia Agricultural University
Corresponding Author
License:
This work is licensed under a CC BY 4.0 License. Read Full License
Background: Hypovirulent fungal strain Gibellulopsis nigrescens Vn-1 cross-protects sunflower against Verticillium wilt. To discover the mechanism of cross-protection by this hypovirulent strain, we analyzed defense enzyme activities and transcriptomes of root samples infected with virulent and hypovirulent strains.
Results: Defense enzyme activities increased after inoculation, with the highest levels observed 24 h post-inoculation. At the same time, defense enzyme gene expressions were upregulated, and H2O2 accumulation decreased. A comparative transcriptome analysis revealed that three specific oxidoreductase-related GO terms were significantly enriched in the Vn-1 group compared with the control. In addition, 33 resistance genes and 160 susceptibility genes were predicted. Seven transcription factors (TFs), two phytohormone response factors, two E3 ubiquitin-protein ligases, two CCR4-associated factor 1 proteins, and two predicted leucine repeat rich (LRR) receptors were found to contribute to the conferral of resistance on sunflower.
Conclusions: According to our results, hypovirulent strain G. nigrescens Vn-1 can reduce levels of reactive oxygen species in sunflower induced by infection with virulent strains such as V. dahliae V33 by regulating HaCAT expression. Furthermore, multiple resistance-related TFs, phytohormones, and receptors contribute to the formation of specific resistance against virulent strain V. dahliae V33.
Keywords
Comparative transcriptome, resistance genes, hypovirulent strain, cross-protection, Verticillium wilt
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This is a list of supplementary files associated with this preprint. Click to download.
- FigS1.docx
Fig S1. Heat map of DEGs involved in three KEGG pathways These KEGG pathway (Alanine, aspartate and glutamate metabolism, Ribosome and Cutin, suberine and wax biosynthesis) only enriched in Vn-1 vs. V33 comparison group.
- FigS1.docx
Fig S1. Heat map of DEGs involved in three KEGG pathways These KEGG pathway (Alanine, aspartate and glutamate metabolism, Ribosome and Cutin, suberine and wax biosynthesis) only enriched in Vn-1 vs. V33 comparison group.
- FigS2.docx
Fig S2. Heat map of DEGs involved in seven KEGG pathways These seven KEGG pathway enriched in V33 vs. CK comparison group, not in Vn-1 vs. CK comparison group.
- FigS2.docx
Fig S2. Heat map of DEGs involved in seven KEGG pathways These seven KEGG pathway enriched in V33 vs. CK comparison group, not in Vn-1 vs. CK comparison group.
- FigS3.docx
Fig S3. Predicted conserved domains of two receptors
- FigS3.docx
Fig S3. Predicted conserved domains of two receptors
- FigS4.docx
- FigS4.docx
- SuplementaryTalbes.xls
- SuplementaryTalbes.xls
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This is a preprint, a preliminary version of a manuscript that has not completed peer review at a journal. Research Square does not conduct peer review prior to posting preprints. The posting of a preprint on this server should not be interpreted as an endorsement of its validity or suitability for dissemination as established information or for guiding clinical practice.
Research Article
Hong-You Zhou
Inner Mongolia Agricultural University
Corresponding Author
Badges
Prescreen
This manuscript passed our Prescreen assessment
Complete author information
Appropriate declaration statements
Potential risks to human health
Prescreen
History
CURRENT STATUS: Posted
Version 1
Posted 15 Dec, 2020
No community comments so far
Metrics
Comments: 0
PDF Downloads: ...
HTML Views: ...
License:
This work is licensed under a CC BY 4.0 License. Read Full License
Background: Hypovirulent fungal strain Gibellulopsis nigrescens Vn-1 cross-protects sunflower against Verticillium wilt. To discover the mechanism of cross-protection by this hypovirulent strain, we analyzed defense enzyme activities and transcriptomes of root samples infected with virulent and hypovirulent strains.
Results: Defense enzyme activities increased after inoculation, with the highest levels observed 24 h post-inoculation. At the same time, defense enzyme gene expressions were upregulated, and H2O2 accumulation decreased. A comparative transcriptome analysis revealed that three specific oxidoreductase-related GO terms were significantly enriched in the Vn-1 group compared with the control. In addition, 33 resistance genes and 160 susceptibility genes were predicted. Seven transcription factors (TFs), two phytohormone response factors, two E3 ubiquitin-protein ligases, two CCR4-associated factor 1 proteins, and two predicted leucine repeat rich (LRR) receptors were found to contribute to the conferral of resistance on sunflower.
Conclusions: According to our results, hypovirulent strain G. nigrescens Vn-1 can reduce levels of reactive oxygen species in sunflower induced by infection with virulent strains such as V. dahliae V33 by regulating HaCAT expression. Furthermore, multiple resistance-related TFs, phytohormones, and receptors contribute to the formation of specific resistance against virulent strain V. dahliae V33.
Figure 1
Figure 1
Figure 2
Figure 2
Figure 3
Figure 3
Figure 4
Figure 4
Figure 5
Figure 5
Figure 6
Figure 6
Figure 7
Figure 7
Figure 8
Figure 8
This is a list of supplementary files associated with this preprint. Click to download.
- FigS1.docx
Fig S1. Heat map of DEGs involved in three KEGG pathways These KEGG pathway (Alanine, aspartate and glutamate metabolism, Ribosome and Cutin, suberine and wax biosynthesis) only enriched in Vn-1 vs. V33 comparison group.
- FigS1.docx
Fig S1. Heat map of DEGs involved in three KEGG pathways These KEGG pathway (Alanine, aspartate and glutamate metabolism, Ribosome and Cutin, suberine and wax biosynthesis) only enriched in Vn-1 vs. V33 comparison group.
- FigS2.docx
Fig S2. Heat map of DEGs involved in seven KEGG pathways These seven KEGG pathway enriched in V33 vs. CK comparison group, not in Vn-1 vs. CK comparison group.
- FigS2.docx
Fig S2. Heat map of DEGs involved in seven KEGG pathways These seven KEGG pathway enriched in V33 vs. CK comparison group, not in Vn-1 vs. CK comparison group.
- FigS3.docx
Fig S3. Predicted conserved domains of two receptors
- FigS3.docx
Fig S3. Predicted conserved domains of two receptors
- FigS4.docx
- FigS4.docx
- SuplementaryTalbes.xls
- SuplementaryTalbes.xls
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