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Research Article
Comparative transcriptome analysis reveals the mechanism of cross-protection against Verticillium wilt conferred on sunflower by hypovirulent strain Gibellulopsis nigrescens Vn-1
Hong-You Zhou
Inner Mongolia Agricultural University
Corresponding Author
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Background: Hypovirulent fungal strain Gibellulopsis nigrescens Vn-1 cross-protects sunflower against Verticillium wilt. To discover the mechanism of cross-protection by this hypovirulent strain, we analyzed defense enzyme activities and transcriptomes of root samples infected with virulent and hypovirulent strains.
Results: Defense enzyme activities increased after inoculation, with the highest levels observed 24 h post-inoculation. At the same time, defense enzyme gene expressions were upregulated, and H2O2 accumulation decreased. A comparative transcriptome analysis revealed that three specific oxidoreductase-related GO terms were significantly enriched in the Vn-1 group compared with the control. In addition, 33 resistance genes and 160 susceptibility genes were predicted. Seven transcription factors (TFs), two phytohormone response factors, two E3 ubiquitin-protein ligases, two CCR4-associated factor 1 proteins, and two predicted leucine repeat rich (LRR) receptors were found to contribute to the conferral of resistance on sunflower.
Conclusions: According to our results, hypovirulent strain G. nigrescens Vn-1 can reduce levels of reactive oxygen species in sunflower induced by infection with virulent strains such as V. dahliae V33 by regulating HaCAT expression. Furthermore, multiple resistance-related TFs, phytohormones, and receptors contribute to the formation of specific resistance against virulent strain V. dahliae V33.
Keywords
Comparative transcriptome, resistance genes, hypovirulent strain, cross-protection, Verticillium wilt
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This is a list of supplementary files associated with this preprint. Click to download.
- FigS1.docx
Fig S1. Heat map of DEGs involved in three KEGG pathways These KEGG pathway (Alanine, aspartate and glutamate metabolism, Ribosome and Cutin, suberine and wax biosynthesis) only enriched in Vn-1 vs. V33 comparison group.
- FigS1.docx
Fig S1. Heat map of DEGs involved in three KEGG pathways These KEGG pathway (Alanine, aspartate and glutamate metabolism, Ribosome and Cutin, suberine and wax biosynthesis) only enriched in Vn-1 vs. V33 comparison group.
- FigS2.docx
Fig S2. Heat map of DEGs involved in seven KEGG pathways These seven KEGG pathway enriched in V33 vs. CK comparison group, not in Vn-1 vs. CK comparison group.
- FigS2.docx
Fig S2. Heat map of DEGs involved in seven KEGG pathways These seven KEGG pathway enriched in V33 vs. CK comparison group, not in Vn-1 vs. CK comparison group.
- FigS3.docx
Fig S3. Predicted conserved domains of two receptors
- FigS3.docx
Fig S3. Predicted conserved domains of two receptors
- FigS4.docx
- FigS4.docx
- SuplementaryTalbes.xls
- SuplementaryTalbes.xls
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This preprint is under consideration at BMC Bioinformatics. A preprint is a preliminary version of a manuscript that has not completed peer review at a journal. Research Square does not conduct peer review prior to posting preprints. The posting of a preprint on this server should not be interpreted as an endorsement of its validity or suitability for dissemination as established information or for guiding clinical practice.
Learn more about In Review
Research Article
Comparative transcriptome analysis reveals the mechanism of cross-protection against Verticillium wilt conferred on sunflower by hypovirulent strain Gibellulopsis nigrescens Vn-1
Hong-You Zhou
Inner Mongolia Agricultural University
Corresponding Author
Badges
Prescreen
This manuscript passed our Prescreen assessment
Complete author information
Appropriate declaration statements
Potential risks to human health
Prescreen
Peer Review Timeline
CURRENT STATUS: Under Review
Version 1
Posted 15 Dec, 2020
No community comments so far
Reviewer #11 agreed
On 25 Jan, 2021
Reviewer #6 agreed
On 25 Jan, 2021
Review #5 received
Received 20 Jan, 2021
Review #2 received
Received 20 Jan, 2021
Review #12 received
Received 20 Jan, 2021
Review #13 received
Received 20 Jan, 2021
Review #3 received
Received 20 Jan, 2021
Review #1 received
Received 20 Jan, 2021
Review #8 received
Received 20 Jan, 2021
Review #11 received
Received 20 Jan, 2021
Review #10 received
Received 20 Jan, 2021
Reviewer #12 agreed
On 06 Jan, 2021
Reviewer #2 agreed
On 06 Jan, 2021
Reviewer #9 agreed
On 06 Jan, 2021
Reviewer #1 agreed
On 06 Jan, 2021
Reviewer #19 agreed
On 06 Jan, 2021
Reviewer #20 agreed
On 06 Jan, 2021
Reviewer #7 agreed
On 06 Jan, 2021
Reviewer #10 agreed
On 06 Jan, 2021
Reviewer #8 agreed
On 06 Jan, 2021
Reviewer #15 agreed
On 06 Jan, 2021
Reviewer #18 agreed
On 06 Jan, 2021
Reviewer #3 agreed
On 06 Jan, 2021
Reviewer #17 agreed
On 06 Jan, 2021
Reviewers invited
Invitations sent on 06 Jan, 2021
Editor assigned
On 04 Jan, 2021
Editor invited
On 14 Dec, 2020
Submission checks complete
On 14 Dec, 2020
First submitted
On 04 Dec, 2020
Metrics
Comments: 0
PDF Downloads: ...
HTML Views: ...
License:
This work is licensed under a CC BY 4.0 License. Read Full License
Background: Hypovirulent fungal strain Gibellulopsis nigrescens Vn-1 cross-protects sunflower against Verticillium wilt. To discover the mechanism of cross-protection by this hypovirulent strain, we analyzed defense enzyme activities and transcriptomes of root samples infected with virulent and hypovirulent strains.
Results: Defense enzyme activities increased after inoculation, with the highest levels observed 24 h post-inoculation. At the same time, defense enzyme gene expressions were upregulated, and H2O2 accumulation decreased. A comparative transcriptome analysis revealed that three specific oxidoreductase-related GO terms were significantly enriched in the Vn-1 group compared with the control. In addition, 33 resistance genes and 160 susceptibility genes were predicted. Seven transcription factors (TFs), two phytohormone response factors, two E3 ubiquitin-protein ligases, two CCR4-associated factor 1 proteins, and two predicted leucine repeat rich (LRR) receptors were found to contribute to the conferral of resistance on sunflower.
Conclusions: According to our results, hypovirulent strain G. nigrescens Vn-1 can reduce levels of reactive oxygen species in sunflower induced by infection with virulent strains such as V. dahliae V33 by regulating HaCAT expression. Furthermore, multiple resistance-related TFs, phytohormones, and receptors contribute to the formation of specific resistance against virulent strain V. dahliae V33.
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