In order to promote regional environmental pollution control, this paper takes China's provinces as a research perspective, 2008-2019 as the time dimension, based on the entropy method to measure China's provincial environmental pollution comprehensive indicators, and introduces models such as panels, thresholds and mediation effects to focus on the relationship between technological innovation and environmental pollution,the research has found that: (1) Green technological innovation has direct suppression effects on China's provincial environmental pollution; (2) Green technological innovation has the threshold effect of marketization and R&D investment in the process of restraining environmental pollution; (3) Industrial structure upgrading and energy consumption structure play an mediation effect in the process of green production technology innovation to suppress environmental pollution, but the mediation effect still has a long way to go; (4) After considering endogenous issues , the path of green technological innovation to restrain environmental pollution is still significant. The research conclusions can provide a reference for constructing a scientific and reasonable environmental pollution control path in accordance with local conditions in China's provinces.