Background
Order Chaetophorales currently includes six families, namely Schizomeridaceae, Aphanochaetaceae, Barrancaceae, Uronemataceae, Fritschiellaceae, and Chaetophoraceae. Most studies have primarily focused on intergeneric phylogenetic relationships within this order and the phylogenetic relationships with four other Chlorophycean orders (Chaetophorales, Chaetopeltidales and Oedogoniales, and Volvocales). This study aimed to phylogenetically reconstruct order Chaetophorales and determine the taxonomic scheme and to further the current understanding of the evolution of order Chaetophorales. The taxonomic scheme of Chaetophorales has been inferred primarily through phylogenetic analysis based on rDNA sequences and phylogenetic relationships among families in order Chaetophorales remain unclear.
Results
In present study, seven complete and five fragmentary chloroplast genomes were harvested. Phylogenomic and comparative genomic analysis were performed to determine the taxonomic scheme within Chaetophorales. Consequently, Oedogoniales was found to be a sister to a clade linking Chaetophorales and Chaetopeltidales, Schizomeriaceae, and Aphanochaetaceae clustered into a well-resolved basal clade in Chaetophorales, inconsistent with the results of phylogenetic analysis based on rDNA sequences. Comparative genomic analyses revealed that the chloroplast genomes of Schizomeriaceae and Aphanochaetaceae were highly conserved and homologous, highlighting the closest relationship in this order. Germination types of zoospores precisely correlated with the phylogenetic relationships.
Conclusions
In conclusion, chloroplast genome structure analyses, synteny analyses, and zoospore germination analyses were concurrent with phylogenetic analyses based on the chloroplast genome, and all of them robustly determined the unique taxonomic scheme of Chaetophorales and the relationships of Oedogoniales, Chaetophorales, and Chaetopeltidales.
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On 12 Jun, 2020
Received 09 Jun, 2020
Invitations sent on 08 Jun, 2020
On 08 Jun, 2020
On 23 Mar, 2020
On 22 Mar, 2020
On 22 Mar, 2020
Posted 24 Jan, 2020
On 09 Mar, 2020
Received 06 Mar, 2020
On 28 Feb, 2020
Received 26 Feb, 2020
On 05 Feb, 2020
Invitations sent on 24 Jan, 2020
On 15 Jan, 2020
On 14 Jan, 2020
On 14 Jan, 2020
On 13 Jan, 2020
On 12 Jun, 2020
Received 09 Jun, 2020
Invitations sent on 08 Jun, 2020
On 08 Jun, 2020
On 23 Mar, 2020
On 22 Mar, 2020
On 22 Mar, 2020
Posted 24 Jan, 2020
On 09 Mar, 2020
Received 06 Mar, 2020
On 28 Feb, 2020
Received 26 Feb, 2020
On 05 Feb, 2020
Invitations sent on 24 Jan, 2020
On 15 Jan, 2020
On 14 Jan, 2020
On 14 Jan, 2020
On 13 Jan, 2020
Background
Order Chaetophorales currently includes six families, namely Schizomeridaceae, Aphanochaetaceae, Barrancaceae, Uronemataceae, Fritschiellaceae, and Chaetophoraceae. Most studies have primarily focused on intergeneric phylogenetic relationships within this order and the phylogenetic relationships with four other Chlorophycean orders (Chaetophorales, Chaetopeltidales and Oedogoniales, and Volvocales). This study aimed to phylogenetically reconstruct order Chaetophorales and determine the taxonomic scheme and to further the current understanding of the evolution of order Chaetophorales. The taxonomic scheme of Chaetophorales has been inferred primarily through phylogenetic analysis based on rDNA sequences and phylogenetic relationships among families in order Chaetophorales remain unclear.
Results
In present study, seven complete and five fragmentary chloroplast genomes were harvested. Phylogenomic and comparative genomic analysis were performed to determine the taxonomic scheme within Chaetophorales. Consequently, Oedogoniales was found to be a sister to a clade linking Chaetophorales and Chaetopeltidales, Schizomeriaceae, and Aphanochaetaceae clustered into a well-resolved basal clade in Chaetophorales, inconsistent with the results of phylogenetic analysis based on rDNA sequences. Comparative genomic analyses revealed that the chloroplast genomes of Schizomeriaceae and Aphanochaetaceae were highly conserved and homologous, highlighting the closest relationship in this order. Germination types of zoospores precisely correlated with the phylogenetic relationships.
Conclusions
In conclusion, chloroplast genome structure analyses, synteny analyses, and zoospore germination analyses were concurrent with phylogenetic analyses based on the chloroplast genome, and all of them robustly determined the unique taxonomic scheme of Chaetophorales and the relationships of Oedogoniales, Chaetophorales, and Chaetopeltidales.
Figure 1
Figure 2
Figure 3
Figure 4
Figure 5
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