Participants who received the influenza vaccine were more likely to be older (54 years old, compared to 42 years old not vaccinated), and female (46.5% female vaccinated compared to 39.5% male vaccinated). Asian (44.1%) and NH-White (46.5%) race/ethnicity groups had a higher percentage of their population receive the influenza vaccine compared to NH-Black (36.7%), Hispanic (33.9%), American Indian/Alaska native (36.6%), and Native Hawaiian / Other Pacific Islander groups (37.9%). Influenza vaccination prevalence was higher in individuals with at least a college degree (52.9%) compared to those with less than a high school education (34.4%) and higher in individuals with an annual income of $75,000 or more (47.8%) compared to those with an annual income less than $25,000 (38.1%). Participants in New England had the highest prevalence of the population vaccinated (50.1%) compared to the West South-Central division which had the lowest (40.5%) (Table 1).
Figure 1 contains the weighted prevalence of influenza vaccination for structural factors. Individuals who have health insurance (46.3%), have a primary care doctor (48.9%), or do not have delayed care due to cost (45.2%) had higher prevalence of influenza vaccination compared to those who did not (18.8%, 22.7% and 28.4%, respectively). In Figure 2 we see similar trends of the weighted prevalence of influenza vaccination for structural factors by race/ethnicity. For NH-White, NH-Black, Hispanic, Asian, and American Indian/Alaska Native individuals, those who have health insurance, have a primary care doctor, or do not have delayed care due to cost had higher prevalence of influenza vaccination compared to those who did not. For Native Hawaiian/other Pacific Islanders, those who have health insurance or have a primary care doctor had a higher prevalence of influenza vaccination compared to those who did not.
For weighted logistic regression models predicting influenza vaccination (Table 2), after adjusting for covariates, older participants were more likely to receive the influenza vaccine [OR: 1.02 (1.02-1.02)]. Males [OR: 0.81 (0.79-0.84)] were less likely to receive the influenza vaccine compared to females. NH-Black individuals [OR: 0.77 (0.73-0.81)], and American Indian/Alaska Natives [OR: 0.80 (0.70, 0.92)] were less likely to receive the influenza vaccine compared to NH-White individuals. Individuals without health insurance [OR: 0.51 (0.47-0.55)], without a primary care doctor [OR: 0.50 (0.48-0.52)] or had delayed medical care due to cost [OR: 0.75 (0.71-0.79)] were less likely to receive the influenza vaccine. Individuals with less than high school education [OR: 0.61 (0.57-0.66)] were less likely to receive the influenza vaccine compared to those with a college degree or more. The lowest income group, less than $25,000 [OR: 1.00 (0.96-1.05)], was not significantly less likely to receive the influenza vaccine than the highest income group, $75,000 and more. All the divisions except for the Middle Atlantic and West North Central were less likely to receive the influenza vaccine compared to individuals in the New England division.
When stratifying models for NH-White individuals, males [OR: 0.82 (0.79, 0.84)], those with less than a high school education [OR: 0.46 (0.42, 0.50)], with less than $25,000 annual income [OR: 0.95 (0.91, 0.99)], without a primary care doctor [OR: 0.46 (0.44, 0.49)], without health insurance [OR: 0.40 (0.37, 0.43)], or had delayed medical care due to cost [OR: 0.77 (0.72, 0.81)] were less likely to receive the influenza vaccine (Table 3). For NH-Black individuals, males [OR: 0.87 (0.79, 0.97)], those with less than a high school education [OR: 0.77 (0.63, 0.95)], without a primary care doctor [OR: 0.52 (0.45, 0.61)], and without health insurance [OR: 0.59 (0.48, 0.73)] were less likely to receive the influenza vaccine (Table 4). For Hispanic individuals, males [OR: 0.77 (0.69, 0.86)], those with less than a high school education [OR: 0.82 (0.69, 0.97)], without a primary care doctor [OR: 0.54 (0.48, 0.62)], without health insurance [OR: 0.57 (0.49, 0.66)], or had delayed medical care due to cost [OR: 0.68 (0.59, 0.78)] were less likely to receive the influenza vaccine (Table 5). For Asian individuals, those without a primary care doctor [OR: 0.53 (0.41, 0.69)], and without health insurance [OR: 0.61 (0.40, 0.93)] were less likely to receive the influenza vaccine (Table 6). For American Indian/Alaska Natives models, males [OR: 0.72 (0.55, 0.93)], those without a primary care doctor [OR: 0.56 (0.42, 0.73)], and without health insurance [OR: 0.46 (0.30, 0.71)] were less likely to receive the influenza vaccine (Table 7). For Native Hawaiian/other Pacific Islander individuals, those without a primary care doctor [OR: 0.23 (0.12, 0.45)] were less likely to receive the influenza vaccine (Table 8).