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Research
Wook-Joon Yu
Korea Institute of Toxicology
Corresponding Author
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Background: Inhalation exposure to polyhexamethylene guanidine phosphate (PHMG-P), one of the primary biocides used in humidifier disinfectants, caused a fatal pulmonary disease in Korea. Pregnant women were also exposed to PHMG-P, and subsequent studies showed that PHMG-P inhalation adversely affects their health and prenatal development. However, the postnatal developmental effects on prenatally PHMG-P-exposed offspring have not yet been investigated. Therefore, in this study, we examined the postnatal developmental effects of offspring with prenatally PHMG-P exposure. PHMG-P aerosol particles were exposed to pregnant rats via inhalation during pregnancy at concentrations of 0, 0.14, 1.60, and 3.20 mg/m3, and general and reproductive functions of pregnant rats were also investigated. After parturition, comprehensive postnatal development of offspring was investigated, including general systemic health, reproduction, and development.
Results: At 3.20 mg/m3, increased perinatal death and decreased viability index (postnatal survival of offspring between birth and postnatal day 4) were observed. In addition, offspring had lower body weight at birth that persisted throughout the study. PHMG-P-exposed pregnant rats had severe systemic toxicities and increased gestation length. At 1.60 mg/m3, a decreased viability index was also observed with systemic toxicities of PHMG-P-exposed pregnant rats.
Conclusion: As a result, maternal inhalation exposure of PHMG-P aerosol particles during pregnancy induced adverse postnatal development in rat offspring and they were observed with systemic toxicities of their maternal animals. The results of this study could be used for risk assessment of postnatal development of prenatally PHMG-P-exposed offspring as well as reproductive and developmental effects on females with PHMG-P inhalation exposure during pregnancy.
Keywords
developmental toxicity, maternal exposure, hazard identification, extended one-generation reproductive toxicity study (EOGRTS)
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This is a preprint, a preliminary version of a manuscript that has not completed peer review at a journal. Research Square does not conduct peer review prior to posting preprints. The posting of a preprint on this server should not be interpreted as an endorsement of its validity or suitability for dissemination as established information or for guiding clinical practice.
Research
Wook-Joon Yu
Korea Institute of Toxicology
Corresponding Author
Badges
Prescreen
This manuscript passed our Prescreen assessment
Complete author information
Appropriate declaration statements
Potential risks to human health
Prescreen
History
CURRENT STATUS: Posted
Version 1
Posted 22 Dec, 2020
No community comments so far
Metrics
Comments: 0
PDF Downloads: ...
HTML Views: ...
Subject Areas
Toxicology
License:
This work is licensed under a CC BY 4.0 License. Read Full License
Background: Inhalation exposure to polyhexamethylene guanidine phosphate (PHMG-P), one of the primary biocides used in humidifier disinfectants, caused a fatal pulmonary disease in Korea. Pregnant women were also exposed to PHMG-P, and subsequent studies showed that PHMG-P inhalation adversely affects their health and prenatal development. However, the postnatal developmental effects on prenatally PHMG-P-exposed offspring have not yet been investigated. Therefore, in this study, we examined the postnatal developmental effects of offspring with prenatally PHMG-P exposure. PHMG-P aerosol particles were exposed to pregnant rats via inhalation during pregnancy at concentrations of 0, 0.14, 1.60, and 3.20 mg/m3, and general and reproductive functions of pregnant rats were also investigated. After parturition, comprehensive postnatal development of offspring was investigated, including general systemic health, reproduction, and development.
Results: At 3.20 mg/m3, increased perinatal death and decreased viability index (postnatal survival of offspring between birth and postnatal day 4) were observed. In addition, offspring had lower body weight at birth that persisted throughout the study. PHMG-P-exposed pregnant rats had severe systemic toxicities and increased gestation length. At 1.60 mg/m3, a decreased viability index was also observed with systemic toxicities of PHMG-P-exposed pregnant rats.
Conclusion: As a result, maternal inhalation exposure of PHMG-P aerosol particles during pregnancy induced adverse postnatal development in rat offspring and they were observed with systemic toxicities of their maternal animals. The results of this study could be used for risk assessment of postnatal development of prenatally PHMG-P-exposed offspring as well as reproductive and developmental effects on females with PHMG-P inhalation exposure during pregnancy.
Figure 1
Figure 2
Figure 3
Figure 4
Figure 5
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