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Research article
Transcriptome Analysis of Cinnamomum Migao Seed Germination in Medicinal Plants of Southwest China
Jiming Liu
Guizhou University
Corresponding Author
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Background: Cinnamomum migao is an endangered evergreen woody plant species endemic to China. Its fruit is used as a traditional medicine by the Miao nationality of China and has a high commercial value. However, its seed germination rate is very low under natural and artificial conditions. As the foundation of plant propagation, seed germination involves a series of physiological, cellular, and molecular changes; however, the molecular events and systematic changes occurring during C. migao seed germination remain unclear.
Results: In this study, combined with the changes in physiological indexes and transcription levels, we revealed the regulation characteristic of cell structures, storage substances, and antioxidant capacity during seed germination. Anatomical analysis revealed that abundant smooth and full oil bodies were present in the cotyledons of the seeds. With seed germination, the oil bodies and other substances gradually degraded to supply energy; this was consistent with the content of storage substances. In parallel to anatomical and physiological analyses, transcriptome analysis showed that 80%–90% of differentially expressed genes (DEGs) appeared after seed imbibition, reflecting important development and physiological changes. The unigenes involved in material metabolism (glycerolipid metabolism, fatty acid degradation, and starch and sucrose metabolism) and energy supply pathways (pentose phosphate pathway, glycolysis pathway, pyruvate metabolism, tricarboxylic acid cycle, and oxidative phosphorylation) were differentially expressed in the four germination stages. Among these DEGs, a small number of genes in the energy supply pathway at the initial stage of germination maintained high level of expression to maintain seed vigor and germination ability. Then, the genes involved in lipid metabolism were activated at a large scale, followed by the activation of the genes involved in CHO metabolism, which had its own species specificity.
Conclusions: Our study revealed the transcriptional levels of genes during seed germination as well as determined the order of the metabolic pathways. The changes in cell structure and physiological indexes also confirmed these events. Our findings lay a foundation for determining the molecular mechanisms underlying seed germination.
Keywords
Seed germination, Transcriptome, Material metabolism, Metabolic network
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- TableS1S3.docx
Table S1 Sequences of primers used for qRT-PCR. Table S2 Statistics of different germination stages sequencing data of Cinnamomum migao seeds. Note：a. Before filter reads number, b. After filter high quality reads number, c. After filter clean data bases, d. After filter high quality clean data bases. Table S3 Source and target pathways of the pathway-net during Cinnamomum migao germination. Note: Degree means the number of relationships that one pathway has with other pathways, the value of degree represents their significance. Indegree is the target pathway, outdegree is the source pathway.
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Received 30 Dec, 2020
Reviewer #3 agreed
On 27 Dec, 2020
Reviewer #2 agreed
On 23 Dec, 2020
Reviewer #1 agreed
On 20 Dec, 2020
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This preprint is under consideration at BMC Plant Biology. A preprint is a preliminary version of a manuscript that has not completed peer review at a journal. Research Square does not conduct peer review prior to posting preprints. The posting of a preprint on this server should not be interpreted as an endorsement of its validity or suitability for dissemination as established information or for guiding clinical practice.
Learn more about In Review
Research article
Transcriptome Analysis of Cinnamomum Migao Seed Germination in Medicinal Plants of Southwest China
Jiming Liu
Guizhou University
Corresponding Author
Badges
Prescreen
This manuscript passed our Prescreen assessment
Complete author information
Appropriate declaration statements
Potential risks to human health
Prescreen
Peer Review Timeline
CURRENT STATUS: Under Revision
Version 1
Posted 23 Dec, 2020
No community comments so far
Review #2 received
Received 13 Jan, 2021
Editorial decision: Major revision
On 13 Jan, 2021
Review #1 received
Received 11 Jan, 2021
Review #3 received
Received 30 Dec, 2020
Reviewer #3 agreed
On 27 Dec, 2020
Reviewer #2 agreed
On 23 Dec, 2020
Reviewer #1 agreed
On 20 Dec, 2020
Reviewers invited
Invitations sent on 19 Dec, 2020
Editor assigned
On 16 Dec, 2020
Submission checks complete
On 16 Dec, 2020
Editor invited
On 16 Dec, 2020
First submitted
On 07 Dec, 2020
Metrics
Comments: 0
PDF Downloads: ...
HTML Views: ...
License:
This work is licensed under a CC BY 4.0 License. Read Full License
Background: Cinnamomum migao is an endangered evergreen woody plant species endemic to China. Its fruit is used as a traditional medicine by the Miao nationality of China and has a high commercial value. However, its seed germination rate is very low under natural and artificial conditions. As the foundation of plant propagation, seed germination involves a series of physiological, cellular, and molecular changes; however, the molecular events and systematic changes occurring during C. migao seed germination remain unclear.
Results: In this study, combined with the changes in physiological indexes and transcription levels, we revealed the regulation characteristic of cell structures, storage substances, and antioxidant capacity during seed germination. Anatomical analysis revealed that abundant smooth and full oil bodies were present in the cotyledons of the seeds. With seed germination, the oil bodies and other substances gradually degraded to supply energy; this was consistent with the content of storage substances. In parallel to anatomical and physiological analyses, transcriptome analysis showed that 80%–90% of differentially expressed genes (DEGs) appeared after seed imbibition, reflecting important development and physiological changes. The unigenes involved in material metabolism (glycerolipid metabolism, fatty acid degradation, and starch and sucrose metabolism) and energy supply pathways (pentose phosphate pathway, glycolysis pathway, pyruvate metabolism, tricarboxylic acid cycle, and oxidative phosphorylation) were differentially expressed in the four germination stages. Among these DEGs, a small number of genes in the energy supply pathway at the initial stage of germination maintained high level of expression to maintain seed vigor and germination ability. Then, the genes involved in lipid metabolism were activated at a large scale, followed by the activation of the genes involved in CHO metabolism, which had its own species specificity.
Conclusions: Our study revealed the transcriptional levels of genes during seed germination as well as determined the order of the metabolic pathways. The changes in cell structure and physiological indexes also confirmed these events. Our findings lay a foundation for determining the molecular mechanisms underlying seed germination.
Figure 1
Figure 2
Figure 3
Figure 4
Figure 5
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Figure 9
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