Background: The Synchronicity of Situs Inversus totalis (SIT) and infantile hypertrophic pyloric stenosis (IHPS) is a rare phenomenon with only 2 reported cases in the literature. SIT is a mirror transposition of the major visceral organs, arranged along a left-right axis. Its prevalence is 0.1—0.6 per 10,000 live births. Rarely it is accompanied by neonatal intestinal obstruction, congenital heart defects, primary ciliary dyskinesia, renal disorders, biliary atresia, skeletal dysplasia, and mental retardation. IHPS is muscular hypertrophy of the pylorus, which results in gastric outlet obstruction leading to post-feeding non-bilious projectile vomiting. Its common age of involvement is three weeks to 3 months and is rarely reported in newborns.
Case presentation: We have reported a case of synchronous SIT and IHPS in a 3-day-old newborn with classic symptoms. Following hemodynamic resuscitation, he underwent pyloromyotomy. The recovery and follow-up periods were uneventful, and the child's growth has resumed naturally.
Conclusions: We present a patient with two extremely rare disorders leading to gastric outlet stenosis. In a newborn, even non-bilious vomiting can be a sign of a serious underlying condition and demands careful evaluation.