Participants
A cohort of 46 patients had a completed dataset for both the preoperative and one-year followup visits. The cohort had an average age of 54.72 (CI 95%: 50.55–58.88), a majority female 30 / 46 (65%), a minority employed at the preoperative visit 19/46 (41%) and an average BMI of 26.2 ( CI 95%: 24.5–27.8) as seen in Table 1.
In table 2, for the FAOS Symptoms one year postoperative, we can see that only the PCS Rumination reached p = 0.11 (p < 0.25) of significance in the univariate analysis. When brought into the multivariate analysis along with preoperative FAOS symptoms, it did not show any statistical significance (p = 0.84).
For the FAOS Pain domain one year postoperative, the univariate analysis showed statistically significant correlation with the Rumination (p = 0.03) and Helplessness (p = 0.03). Meanwhile the Total score reached p = 0.07 (p < 0.25) of significance. These three variables were included in the multivariate analysis along with preoperative FAOS pain and showed statistically significant correlation: Rumination (p = 0.002), Helplessness (p = 0.01) and PCS Total (p = 0.004).
For the FAOS Activities of Daily Living (ADL) domain one year postoperative, the univariate analysis showed statistically significant correlation with the Rumination (p = 0.01), Helplessness (p = 0.001) and Total score (p = 0.01). These three variables were included in the multivariate analysis along with preoperative FAOS ADL and showed statistically significant correlation: Rumination (p = 0.02), Helplessness (p = 0.01) and PCS Total (p = 0.02).
For the FAOS Sport domain one year postoperative, the univariate analysis showed no statistically significant correlation. Since Rumination (p = 0.24) and Helplessness (p = 0.25) were below the threshold (p < 0.25), these two variables were included in the multivariate analysis along with preoperative FAOS Sport. The multivariate analysis showed no statistically significant correlation with the variables of interest: Rumination (p = 0.37) and Helplessness (p = 0.4).
For the FAOS Quality of Life domain one year postoperative, the univariate analysis showed statistically significant correlation with Rumination (p = 0.05). Since Helplessness (p = 0.12) and PCS Total (p = 0.19) were below the threshold (p < 0.25), these three variables were included in the multivariate analysis along with preoperative FAOS QoL. The multivariate analysis showed statistically significant correlation with the variables of interest: Rumination (p = 0.0004), Helplessness (p = 0.002) and Total Score (p = 0.0003).
The secondary outcome analyzed in this study (SF-12) is less disease specific. For the Mental component one year postoperative, the univariate analysis showed statistically significant correlation with Rumination (p = 0.01), Helplessness (p = 0.001) and PCS Total (p = 0.01). These three variables were included in the multivariate analysis along with preoperative SF-12 Mental component. The multivariate analysis showed no statistically significant correlation with the variables of interest: Rumination (p = 0.87), Helplessness (p = 0.07) and Total Score (p = 0.31). This can be seen in Table 3.
For the Physical component one year postoperative, the univariate analysis showed statistically no significant correlation with the variables of interest. Since Rumination (p = 0.13), Helplessness (p = 0.07) and PCS Total (p = 0.16) were below the threshold (p < 0.25), these three variables were included in the multivariate analysis along with preoperative SF-12 Physical component. The multivariate analysis showed no statistically significant correlation with the variables of interest: Rumination (p = 0.08), Helplessness (p = 0.11) and Total Score (p = 0.11).
Looking at Table 4, we note that as expected, the PCS subscores are different (p < 0.05) between the two groups. There are no statistically significant differences between the preoperative baseline FAOS and SF-12 components. Postoperatively, there are statistically significant differences between the two group in the SF-12 Mental component (seven points, p = 0.009), FAOS Pain domain (five points, p = 0.01), ADL (nine points, p = 0.003).