Background: Secretory granulin III (SCG3) is a member of the secretory granule protein family that regulates the production of secretory granules. SCG3 has a role in reducing retinal vascular leakage and neovascularization in an animal model of diabetic retinopathy. This study aimed to study SCG3 in periperal blood and vitreous of human. Methods : (1) Collecting diabetic retinopathy(DR) patients required vitrectomy, and patients requiring vitrectomy for other non-diabetic factors, retaining some of the vitreous, ELISA was used to detect SCG3 in vitreous. The grouping was divided according to the patients’ blood lipids, BMI (Body Mass Index, BMI) and analyzed. (2) Collecting peripheral blood of DR and non-diabetic patients, ELISAwas performed. Results: (1) A total of 43 cases with DR were collected, and 34 cases non-diabetic patients were collected. SCG3 in DR patients was higher than that of non-diabetic. After refinement grouping, it was found that SCG3 with DR and hyperlipidemia was higher than that of non-diabetic patients without hyperlipidemia. SCG3 with DR and hyperlipidemia was higher than that of DR patients without hyperlipidemia. SCG3 of patients with DR and high BMI was higher than that of non-diabetic with normal BMI. SCG3 with DR and high BMI was higher than that of non-diabetic patients with normal BMI. (2) SCG3 in plasma was minimal or could not be detected. Conclusion: In DR patients, up-regulation of vitreous SCG3 may be closely related to the pathogenesis of DR. However, SCG3 is almost difficult to detect in normal vessel vasculature, which may highlight its advantages in using anti-SCG3 drugs in babies and children in future.